Revised metal-silicate partitioning does not require the Late Veneer

Revised metal-silicate partitioning does not require the Late Veneer | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Physical Sciences - Article Revised metal-silicate partitioning does not require the Late Veneer Nozomi Kondo, Hisashi Asanuma, Takashi Yoshino This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-5697204/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Highly siderophile elements (HSEs) are critical tracers for deciphering planetary formation and evolution. The widely accepted Late Veneer hypothesis, which proposes the accretion of chondritic materials after core formation, was developed to explain the discrepancy between metal-silicate partitioning behavior and the HSE composition of the Earth's primitive upper mantle (PUM). However, prior partitioning experiments relied on systems with unrealistically high bulk HSE concentrations, introducing significant uncertainty. Here, we present high-pressure and high-temperature experiments on HSE partitioning across a wide range of bulk HSE concentrations, including conditions relevant to terrestrial planets. Our results demonstrate that HSEs are more soluble in silicate melts at low concentrations and converge to chondritic relative abundances under these conditions, resolving the previous mismatch between mantle HSE composition and PUM. Furthermore, the revised partition coefficients not only reduce the discrepancy for Earth's mantle but also explain the HSE composition of the lunar mantle through core-mantle differentiation processes. These findings challenge the necessity of the Late Veneer for both Earth and Moon, aligning with recent discussions on the volatile element origins of terrestrial planets. This study offers a transformative perspective on the early differentiation and formation of Earth and other rocky planets in the solar system. Earth and environmental sciences/Planetary science/Core processes Earth and environmental sciences/Planetary science/Early solar system Earth and environmental sciences/Planetary science/Geochemistry Earth and environmental sciences/Solid Earth sciences/Core processes Earth and environmental sciences/Solid Earth sciences/Geochemistry Full Text Additional Declarations There is NO Competing Interest. Supplementary Files SINatureKondofinal.docx Supplementary Information Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-5697204","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Physical Sciences - Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":414419271,"identity":"3c245a05-731c-49e6-aeba-6edecc478bac","order_by":0,"name":"Nozomi Kondo","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAABFUlEQVRIiWNgGAWjYNACgwQgkcD4gOEAivABLEpRtTAbkKCFAayFTQK/IigwZ29/+OhGQZqcOXvysYoPZ+wS+6cdfsDMw2Anz8B4FqsJlj0Hko1zDHKMLXuepd2ccSM5ccbtNAOglmTDBoZzCVh9cSPhmHSOQUXihhs5Zrd5PjAnNtxOMP/Nw8AMVH7GALuWxDa4lmKeD/WJ82+nfwDaUo9HSzIbUEsOWAszz43DiRtu54Acdhi3ljPHmIF+STM2OPMsWXLGmePGG2/nFDDOMThu2IbLL8fbHz7O+ZMsZ3A8+eCHD8eqZefdTt/A8KaiWp5fAnuIYQDHBohRDAxsEmeI0sFgj2Dy9xCnZRSMglEwCoY7AADMamejPINEqAAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4247-8136","institution":"Okayama University","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Nozomi","middleName":"","lastName":"Kondo","suffix":""},{"id":414419272,"identity":"11156e1b-e81e-4e35-9549-878d7341b7c7","order_by":1,"name":"Hisashi Asanuma","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Kyoto University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Hisashi","middleName":"","lastName":"Asanuma","suffix":""},{"id":414419273,"identity":"4957a06e-4a96-4a2f-b1d2-38664f22a5ae","order_by":2,"name":"Takashi Yoshino","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5422-7396","institution":"Okayama University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Takashi","middleName":"","lastName":"Yoshino","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-12-23 07:05:44","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5697204/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5697204/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":92964440,"identity":"4b0797f2-028b-4bfb-8dae-efce4f1044a8","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-10-07 15:29:10","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1729695,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"ManuscriptNatureKondofinal.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5697204/v1_covered_51caaabc-77d0-43c3-8746-f616bd1a6b66.pdf"},{"id":76183471,"identity":"5b1c3f82-b623-44f9-9264-d4b18970dc53","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-02-13 07:58:55","extension":"docx","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":22632,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Supplementary Information","description":"","filename":"SINatureKondofinal.docx","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5697204/v1/a5ae2313b1dcf0c9c2778edc.docx"}],"financialInterests":"There is \u003cb\u003eNO\u003c/b\u003e Competing Interest.","formattedTitle":"Revised metal-silicate partitioning does not require the Late Veneer","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5697204/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5697204/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"Highly siderophile elements (HSEs) are critical tracers for deciphering planetary formation and evolution. The widely accepted Late Veneer hypothesis, which proposes the accretion of chondritic materials after core formation, was developed to explain the discrepancy between metal-silicate partitioning behavior and the HSE composition of the Earth's primitive upper mantle (PUM). However, prior partitioning experiments relied on systems with unrealistically high bulk HSE concentrations, introducing significant uncertainty. Here, we present high-pressure and high-temperature experiments on HSE partitioning across a wide range of bulk HSE concentrations, including conditions relevant to terrestrial planets. Our results demonstrate that HSEs are more soluble in silicate melts at low concentrations and converge to chondritic relative abundances under these conditions, resolving the previous mismatch between mantle HSE composition and PUM. 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