Effect of Training Using High-versus Low-Fidelity Simulator Mannequins on Neonatal Intubation Skills of Pediatric Residents: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Background: Mounting evidence supports the effective acquisition of skills through simulation-based training including intubation skills of neonates. Our aim is to compare the effect of using high- versus low-fidelity mannequin simulation-based training on the acquisition and retention of neonatal intubation skills by junior pediatric residents. Methods: Randomized controlled trial involving first- and second-year pediatric residents from two centers in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Results: : Twenty-eight junior pediatric residents (12 low- and 16 high-fidelity mannequins) completed the study. A significantly greater number of residents achieved and retained the required skills after completing the training course in both arms. There was no significant difference in the achieved skills between residents trained on high- versus low-fidelity mannequins at the baseline, immediately after training, and at 6-9 months after training. Conclusion: Simulation-based training is effective in improving pediatric residents’ intubation skills regardless of the level of fidelity.