Investigating stroboscopic visibility measure: methodological refinement and applicability on myopia

Investigating stroboscopic visibility measure: methodological refinement and applicability on myopia | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Investigating stroboscopic visibility measure: methodological refinement and applicability on myopia Tianshu Chen, Alexander Herzog, Tran Quoc Khanh This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7053773/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 10 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Stroboscopic effects significantly influence visual perception in solid-state lighting, and visibility is an important factor in evaluating the quality of lighting systems. Various metrics have been proposed in both research and industry to quantify visibility. However, these metrics often exhibit limited generalizability across diverse lighting conditions and require further validation. The study addresses this limitation of the existing stroboscopic visibility measure (SVM) metric by adjusting to the temporal contrast sensitivity function, thus expanding their applicability across a wider lighting context of parameter combinations, such as object speed, illuminance level, and duty cycle. The results demonstrate that the adjusted metric exhibits smaller error and less variability compared to the original SVM metric, with outcomes more concentrated and closer to the expected value of 1 across experimental conditions. Given that myopia alters contrast sensitivity and accommodative response, this study further investigates how myopia influences stroboscopic effect perception. Visual experiments were conducted with myopic participants ranging from -0.00 to -8.00 diopters. The findings indicate that -1.00 diopters serve as a critical threshold for myopia. For those with myopia below this value, the adjusted metric remains reliable. However, a significant difference in SVM values was observed for participants with myopia exceeding -1.00 diopters. This research contributes to enhancing the accuracy and consistency of stroboscopic effects visibility assessments in diverse populations. Health sciences/Medical research Biological sciences/Neuroscience Physical sciences/Optics and photonics LEDs Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM) Stroboscopic Effects Temporal Light Artefacts Myopia Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Reviews received at journal 29 Apr, 2026 Reviews received at journal 29 Apr, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 22 Apr, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 20 Apr, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 20 Apr, 2026 Reviewers invited by journal 04 Dec, 2025 Editor assigned by journal 04 Nov, 2025 Editor invited by journal 15 Jul, 2025 Submission checks completed at journal 09 Jul, 2025 First submitted to journal 09 Jul, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-7053773","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":555458683,"identity":"e877b26c-8643-4065-93ae-2d4ab06b63f6","order_by":0,"name":"Tianshu Chen","email":"data:image/png;base64,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","orcid":"","institution":"Technische Universität Darmstadt","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Tianshu","middleName":"","lastName":"Chen","suffix":""},{"id":555458686,"identity":"01b82824-f9e0-4025-bf7d-3262e201c63d","order_by":1,"name":"Alexander Herzog","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Technische Universität Darmstadt","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Alexander","middleName":"","lastName":"Herzog","suffix":""},{"id":555458689,"identity":"2aa65659-2d71-4da4-9733-146a54f01fde","order_by":2,"name":"Tran Quoc Khanh","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Technische Universität Darmstadt","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Tran","middleName":"Quoc","lastName":"Khanh","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-07-05 14:53:13","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7053773/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7053773/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":97895254,"identity":"468d5fb8-c309-40c2-a5ad-d39425d1589e","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-10 15:33:53","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1201459,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7053773/v1_covered_ffc8134e-7232-4b61-8042-f0e482d1710c.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Investigating stroboscopic visibility measure: methodological refinement and applicability on myopia","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"scientific-reports","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"scirep","sideBox":"Learn more about [Scientific Reports](http://www.nature.com/srep/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"","title":"Scientific Reports","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Scientific Reports","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"LEDs, Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM), Stroboscopic Effects, Temporal Light Artefacts, Myopia","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7053773/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7053773/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"Stroboscopic effects significantly influence visual perception in solid-state lighting, and visibility is an important factor in evaluating the quality of lighting systems. 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