Successful early diagnosis and treatment of early postnatal choriocarcinoma: a case report and literature review

Postpartum placental choriocarcinoma is a rare gestational trophoblastic tumor with an incidence of approximately 1 in 50,000. Patients often present with persistent postpartum hemorrhage, leading to potential delayed diagnosis, hematogenous metastasis, and ultimately, poor prognosis. We report a successful case of early diagnosis and timely administration of FAV chemotherapy for 5 cycles in a patient with postpartum choriocarcinoma following cesarean section. During the follow-up period, the patient’s serum β-hCG levels normalized, and imaging lesions resolved completely. Introduction: Pregnancy-related causes must always be ruled out in women of childbearing age who present with irregular vaginal bleeding, even in the postpartum and lactation periods. In patients with postpartum bleeding, vigilance should be heightened to rule out the possibility of pregnancy-related sertoli cell tumor. We describe a woman with irregular vaginal bleeding after childbirth who was eventually diagnosed with postpartum choriocarcinoma.