The Roots of Resilience: Strengthening Agricultural Sustainability in Tengger, Indonesia through Social Capital

It has become a particularly important concept in the context of sustainable development, where many mountain communities face multiple socioecological vulnerabilities, including Tengger in Indonesia. This paper attempts to analyze how bonding, bridging, and linking forms of social capital support agricultural sustainability in the Tengger region. The data were collected with a qualitative descriptive approach through a case study method, including in-depth interviews, observations, and document analysis across two villages within the region of the Tengger Mountains. Results indicate that ecological, social, and economic dimensions of sustainability in agricultural practices have been explained with the help of all three dimensions of social capital. The findings contribute to the literature on how social capital contributes to agricultural sustainability in mountain communities and provide insights for developing more effective interventions. This work generally contributes significantly to an in-depth understanding of how social capital works within the resilience and sustainability of farming communities in mountainous areas.