Radio Frequency Interference Detection by Classification Models based on Signal Fingerprints of Earth Stations

Radio Frequency Interference Detection by Classification Models based on Signal Fingerprints of Earth Stations | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Radio Frequency Interference Detection by Classification Models based on Signal Fingerprints of Earth Stations Josinaldo Azevedo, Paulo Vidal, Ronaldo Goldschmidt, Ronaldo Salles This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-5405662/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Satellite networks are essential around the world and, sometimes, are the only means of connection in regions that are difficult to access. Such networks use wireless communication and are affected by interfering signals, which makes it important to identify the origin of these signals. The main technique for identifying the origin of interfering signals is geolocation. However, geolocation may return an area that is in fact occupied by several ground stations, making it difficult to identify the real source of interference. This work proposes a method that can reduce the number of stations listed by the geolocation technique, by applying classification models to radio frequency fingerprint characteristics extracted from the signals. The proposed method achieved an accuracy greater than 98% in experiments with real data involving 64,800 signal instances and 6 ground stations. Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-5405662","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":379695151,"identity":"358e32a5-2f1c-4899-a518-02f5f8cee2f8","order_by":0,"name":"Josinaldo Azevedo","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Military Institute of Engineering","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Josinaldo","middleName":"","lastName":"Azevedo","suffix":""},{"id":379695152,"identity":"d9e0e7b1-24d4-4c41-a69b-b9b64245f86d","order_by":1,"name":"Paulo Vidal","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Military Institute of Engineering","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Paulo","middleName":"","lastName":"Vidal","suffix":""},{"id":379695153,"identity":"7f0689ba-2789-4d34-b1ba-8fc3abbb6846","order_by":2,"name":"Ronaldo Goldschmidt","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Military Institute of Engineering","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Ronaldo","middleName":"","lastName":"Goldschmidt","suffix":""},{"id":379695154,"identity":"3259f223-c9b2-4c63-85e6-86fb809a23e7","order_by":3,"name":"Ronaldo Salles","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAArUlEQVRIiWNgGAWjYHACxgdgipkELcwGDAwGMC0GRGlhk0BSSYQW82mHj1V8+PPHroGd99gDxh1/CGuRuZ2WdnNmm0FyAzNfugHjGSJskZDOMbvN22CQzMDMYybB2EakluI/f0jVwszAZmBHipa0ZMneNuMENpBfEs8YE6Ml+eCHH3/k7Pn5zx578HGHHGEtMJDYxsDDxpDYQLwOBnsGkBZGUrSMglEwCkbBiAEA2kQt3y9+IUQAAAAASUVORK5CYII=","orcid":"","institution":"Polytechnic Institute of Porto","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Ronaldo","middleName":"","lastName":"Salles","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-11-06 23:53:13","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5405662/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5405662/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":105369742,"identity":"5e54ce38-f8ee-4ee1-84c4-3af0ec2935d6","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-03-25 09:14:29","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":4697561,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"ArtigoFingerprintJNSM.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5405662/v1_covered_31ee4c0c-7118-4170-9fb4-6d918fbcdfa9.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Radio Frequency Interference Detection by Classification Models based on Signal Fingerprints of Earth Stations","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5405662/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5405662/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"Satellite networks are essential around the world and, sometimes, are the only means of connection in regions that are difficult to access. 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