Water Lost: Revisiting the Significance of Water in Iranian Architecture

Water holds a unique position in Iranian architecture, influenced by geographical and cultural factors. In the past, methods of water utilization were rooted in a culture of frugality, and were compatible with the challenge of water scarcity. However, with industrialization and modernization, changes in consumption patterns occurred, posing multiple environmental challenges, including the water crisis in Iran. Therefore, there is a knowledge gap in understanding how contemporary Iranian architecture can adapt itself to challenges of water crisis. The main objective of this article is the recognition of the water heritage in Iranian architecture, aiming to better understand its significance and revitalize effective solutions that are compatible with water scarcity for contemporary architecture. Achieving this goal was facilitated through the analysis of the functions and concepts of water in the tradition of Iranian architecture. The research findings can serve as a valuable guide for sustainable architectural practices during the current water crisis. This research is of an analytical-historical kind. Data collection was carried out using library resources, and the analysis was performed through a descriptive-interpretive method. The present research underscores the importance of revisiting indigenous knowledge in traditional societies, adopting water-efficient criteria, and redefining the conceptual functions of water in Iranian architecture as a necessity to confront current challenges. In other words, it is necessary to revive a combination of efficient water consumption traditions and the forgotten spiritual aspects of water in contemporary Iranian architecture.