Mutation Analysis of TP53 in Colorectal Cancer, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

Background: Colorectal cancer is a kind of solid tumor and third most common of cancer which leads to death. It is a heterogeneous disease characterized by genetic and epigenetic aberrations. For this purpose, a total of 50 blood samples in EDTA tubes was collected from Peshawar with complete information of patients using questionnaire Result: The results of the present study indicate that the ratio of CRC in males is higher 62% than females (38%). Histopathological results indicate that moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma is 25 (50%) followed by poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma 15 (30%), Well-differentiated adenocarcinoma 8 (16%), and Metastatic adenocarcinoma 2 (4%) in 50 CRC patients. Grading distribution indicating 34% of patients were having a high grade of carcinoma while 66% had low-grade carcinoma. The nucleotide sequence of the human TP53 gene of CRC patients was aligned with the human wild-type TP53 database sequence with NC_191170 (NCBI) using CLUSTALW. After BLASTING, the mutation was found in exon 5 and exon 7 of TP53, while no mutation was found in exon 8 of TP53 . That patient in which point mutation was found in exon 5 and 7 respectively showed less survival as compared to that of colorectal cancer patients having no point mutation in the TP53 gene. Conclusion: The present study concluded that point mutations were found in exons 5 & 7 of the TP53 gene and patients having TP53 gene mutations shown less survival rate compared to CRC patients having no mutations.