Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma of the Tail: Unveiling a Rare Presentation with Venous Thrombosis: A Case Report and Comprehensive Literature Review

Abstract Pancreatic cancer is a silent and lethal adversary that often conceals its presence until advanced stages. This report elucidates a distinctive case of a 46-year-old patient with pancreatic tail adenocarcinoma presenting with venous thrombosis, a rare manifestation. The patient’s symptoms included severe left leg pain, swelling, and redness, accompanied by weight loss and decreased appetite. Laboratory findings indicated a prothrombotic state, whereas imaging revealed a substantial pancreatic tail mass with liver metastasis. Elevated tumor markers, CA 19–9 and CEA, supported the diagnosis, confirmed by a liver biopsy. This case underscores the diagnostic challenges posed by pancreatic cancer, particularly in the tail, emphasizing the need for early detection. The intricate interplay between metastasis and thrombosis complicates the clinical landscape, requiring a comprehensive approach to management.