Computational modelling of the semi-classical quantum vacuum in 3D

Abstract The commissioning of multi-Petawatt laser systems is gathering pace around the world, promising unparalleled access to ultra-high electromagnetic fields for fundamental Physics studies. Here, we present the first three-dimensional simulation results of two quantum vacuum effects using a semi-classical numerical solver for the Heisenberg-Euler Lagrangian. The simulation model is benchmarked against vacuum birefringence analytical results using counter-propagating probe and pump pulses. Simulations of both plane-wave and Gaussian pulses show results consistent with theoretical predictions. The solver is then applied to four-wave mixing using three realistic Gaussian pulses for the first time. First results of the polarisation and power of the output pulse and the number of photons obtained from the interaction are obtained and compared with theory. The output power and polarisation dependence on input polarisation is also investigated, and found to be consistent with the theoretical predictions.