Gendered Role Expectations and Satisfaction Outcomes among Mompreneurs: A Role Identity Perspective

Gendered Role Expectations and Satisfaction Outcomes among Mompreneurs: A Role Identity Perspective | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Gendered Role Expectations and Satisfaction Outcomes among Mompreneurs: A Role Identity Perspective ABINAYASRI S This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-9474255/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Revision Version 1 posted 4 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Purpose: By combining Role Identity Theory and Gender Role Theory, this paper explores the relationship between gendered role expectations and role satisfaction in mompreneurs. It seeks to know the influence of socially constructed expectations on dual-role experiences and the psychological consequences. Design/methodology/approach: The quantitative research design has been used based on survey data gathered on 300 mompreneurs in Tamil Nadu, India. Purposive sampling was used to make sure that the respondents fit the requirements of being mothers and business owners. The research used the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to be able to examine the correlations among gendered role expectations, role conflict, role enrichment, and role satisfaction. Findings: The findings indicate that gendered role expectations have a considerable effect of increasing role conflict and role enrichment. Although role conflict does not exert any major negative effect on role satisfaction, role enrichment has a strong and positive effect on role satisfaction. Moreover, the gendered role expectations have a direct and indirect (through role enrichment) increase in role satisfaction. The results emphasize that positive identity integration is a more important factor in the outcome of satisfaction compared to conflict reduction. Research limitations/implications: The cross-sectional research design constrains the causal interpretation of the findings and the fact that it deals with a regional setting with limited generalization. Future studies may take a longitudinal and cross-cultural design and include other variables like social support and self-efficacy to increase the explanatory power. Originality/value: The proposed study is placed in the context of entrepreneurship literature by providing a shift in the emphasis on the outcomes of performance to the psychological well-being. It provides a new combined model of Role Identity and Gender Role theories in which the role enrichment is crucial in increasing the satisfaction level of mompreneurs. Business and commerce/Business and management Social science/Business and management Biological sciences/Psychology Social science/Psychology Social science/Sociology Mompreneurship Gendered Role Expectations Role Identity Theory Role Conflict Role Enrichment Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Ethics Statement: This study involving human participants was conducted in accordance with ethical research standards. The research protocol was reviewed and approved by the appropriate institutional ethics committee of Alagappa University, India. Informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to their participation in the study. Participation was voluntary, and confidentiality and anonymity of respondents were strictly maintained throughout the research process. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Revision Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 05 May, 2026 Editor assigned by journal 05 May, 2026 Submission checks completed at journal 30 Apr, 2026 First submitted to journal 20 Apr, 2026 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-9474255","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":626440909,"identity":"a9e515a0-88b0-4cdb-99d9-6f65c6446dcc","order_by":0,"name":"ABINAYASRI S","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA+0lEQVRIiWNgGAWjYDACCcYGEFVvD6QOfACy2NiJ1JJgACQOzgBpYSaoBUKBtTDzgJiEtPDPbm578LPNLs+c/+zDwza/tsnzMTMwfviYg8eSOwfbDXvbkostZ6QbHM7tu23YxszALDlzGx5rbiS2SfC2MTM23GBjOJzbc5sRqIWNmRePFnmgFsm/bfWMDeePMRy27LltT1CLAVCLNG/b4cQNB9IYDjP8uJ1IUIvhnYNt0jLnjhtLzkhjONjbcDsZ6MhmvH6Ru93+TPJNWbUcP/8x5g8//ty2nd/efPDDR3zeBwFGNhijDUw2EFAPAn8wGKNgFIyCUTAKEAAACPpVJ+yaxPoAAAAASUVORK5CYII=","orcid":"","institution":"Alagappa University","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"ABINAYASRI","middleName":"","lastName":"S","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2026-04-20 15:25:47","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9474255/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9474255/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":107705891,"identity":"37aea8fc-c1fd-4d09-a715-310577452e96","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-24 09:15:39","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":400059,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"AnonymousDocument.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9474255/v1_covered_ccc42676-e779-474b-b4a6-d9c34dc8ee70.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"\u003cp\u003eNo competing interests reported.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEthics Statement: This study involving human participants was conducted in accordance with ethical research standards. 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