Discovery of a new open cluster as a companion to Czernik 38 cluster and its associated complex tide, using Gaia DR3

Discovery of a new open cluster as a companion to Czernik 38 cluster and its associated complex tide, using Gaia DR3 | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Discovery of a new open cluster as a companion to Czernik 38 cluster and its associated complex tide, using Gaia DR3 Nasser Ahmed This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-9314492/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Revision Version 1 posted 16 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Our earlier accepted research emphasized a detailed investigation of the Czernik 38 cluster through the utilization of Gaia DR3 data. We have discovered a new star cluster positioned 32 arcmin from its center, with coordinates α= 282.11 ± 0.05 and δ =4.56 ± 0.05 . Our suspicion is that this clump might form a new cluster (hereafter referred to as Nasser 1) and could be a companion to Czernik 38 in a binary cluster system. In this ongoing research, we aim to investigate this matter in depth and derive the physical parameters of the Nasser 1 cluster using Gaia data, in comparison to Czernik 38. We employed the pyUPMASK Python package with HDBSCAN algorithm to analyze membership of the Nasser 1 cluster to get its physical parameters. Our innovative method involves establishing a membership probability threshold value for each radius, as opposed to utilizing a singular value for the entire cluster. At each radius, we calculate the probability threshold value that yields a number of stars equivalent to that inferred from the King model. The foremost conclusion of our research is that this clump of stars is actually a new open star cluster. This newly identified cluster possesses a clearly defined CMD characterized by an age of 125.0± 12.30 Myr, a distance modulus of 12.87± 0.21 mag, and a significant color excess of 2.42 ± 0.09 ,respectively. In addition, it exhibits a distinct King profile. Further examination reveals that both clusters possess the same age, distance, proper motion, and radial velocity, even same high reddening value, within acceptable error limits. This implies that they together constitute a fantastic young primordial binary system characterized by a substantial reddening, located at the periphery of the Carina-Sagittarius spiral arm. Both clusters are affected by the impacts of differential rotation tides, as evidenced by their elongations in the direction of orbital motion. Furthermore, the Nasser 1 cluster is affected by an additional tide, specifically a gravitational tide caused by the Carina-Sagittarius spiral arm. In addition, the Gaussian mass function indicates that they were formerly an one cluster that has been violently turn apart by differential rotation during its orbital trajectory. Physical sciences/Astronomy and planetary science Physical sciences/Mathematics and computing Physical sciences/Physics Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Revision Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 11 May, 2026 Reviews received at journal 09 May, 2026 Reviews received at journal 08 May, 2026 Reviews received at journal 06 May, 2026 Reviews received at journal 04 May, 2026 Reviews received at journal 27 Apr, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 16 Apr, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 15 Apr, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 14 Apr, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 14 Apr, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 14 Apr, 2026 Reviewers invited by journal 14 Apr, 2026 Editor assigned by journal 14 Apr, 2026 Editor invited by journal 14 Apr, 2026 Submission checks completed at journal 11 Apr, 2026 First submitted to journal 11 Apr, 2026 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-9314492","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":624481360,"identity":"75a7e36a-9135-47c5-b12e-fb7b2532fcfc","order_by":0,"name":"Nasser Ahmed","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA5klEQVRIiWNgGAWjYDADAxDBUwFlkKDlDMlaeNuI0GLOfvzxh497GOTNpbsTH7ydd1jenL35AMOPim04tVj25JhJznjGYLhzztnNhnO3HTbc2XMsgbHnzG3c7jmQw8bMc4CBccON3G3SvNsOAxk5BsyMbXi0nH/++POfAwz2QC3bf/POOWxPWMuNBANphgMMiSBbmHkbDicSoeWNmWTPAYZkoJbNknOOpSdvOHMs4SBev5xPf/zhxwEGW6CWjR/e1FjbbjjefPDBjwrcWqDgP4zRDCYPEFKPDOpIUTwKRsEoGAUjBAAAB1piFrw7LQcAAAAASUVORK5CYII=","orcid":"","institution":"National Research Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Nasser","middleName":"","lastName":"Ahmed","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2026-04-03 15:38:32","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9314492/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9314492/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":107489322,"identity":"8f85e8ea-776a-45e6-8047-c2c00a19b0c0","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-22 02:47:22","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":2200573,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"DiscoveryofanewopenclusterasacompaniontoCzernik38.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9314492/v1_covered_cb58ebe6-d9aa-466c-8d1d-f814639535a8.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"\u003cp\u003eDiscovery of a new open cluster as a companion to Czernik 38 cluster and its associated complex tide, using Gaia DR3\u003c/p\u003e","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"scientific-reports","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"scirep","sideBox":"Learn more about [Scientific Reports](http://www.nature.com/srep/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"","title":"Scientific Reports","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Scientific Reports","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9314492/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9314492/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eOur earlier accepted research emphasized a detailed investigation of the Czernik 38 cluster through the utilization of Gaia DR3 data. 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The foremost conclusion of our research is that this clump of stars is actually a new open star cluster. This newly identified cluster possesses a clearly defined CMD characterized by an age of 125.0± 12.30 Myr, a distance modulus of 12.87± 0.21 mag, and a significant color excess of 2.42 ± 0.09 ,respectively. In addition, it exhibits a distinct King profile. Further examination reveals that both clusters possess the same age, distance, proper motion, and radial velocity, even same high reddening value, within acceptable error limits. This implies that they together constitute a fantastic young primordial binary system characterized by a substantial reddening, located at the periphery of the Carina-Sagittarius spiral arm. Both clusters are affected by the impacts of differential rotation tides, as evidenced by their elongations in the direction of orbital motion. Furthermore, the Nasser 1 cluster is affected by an additional tide, specifically a gravitational tide caused by the Carina-Sagittarius spiral arm. 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