On the Nature of Infrastructural-Residual-Space

On the Nature of Infrastructural-Residual-Space | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article On the Nature of Infrastructural-Residual-Space Srijon Barua, Hirohide Kobayashi This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6694057/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Modern transportation infrastructure creates leftover residual spaces under viaducts, railway arches, bridges, and flyovers. Arbitrary valuation for such by-product spaces causes systemic exploitation in the form of displacement, unfair rent structures, eviction, unclear land use regulations, and complicated tenant-landowner relationships, resulting in environmental degradation. We conducted a comparative study on seven cities and their evolutionary stages of infra-residual spaces. Analyzing- a global survey with 115 participants from 37 countries, interview data from 25 experts and locals on the control-design-ownership stages of IRS(Infra-residual-spaces) adaptation for these seven case studies provide us with three common conditions for infra-residual space and its adaptation process. We propose three main hypotheses: first, IRS having social, commercial, and political value eventually cannot be overlooked for development, and it is a global phenomenon irrespective of global south or north; second, whether owned by private companies or the state, local organizations should be the anchoring organizations to determine land use and land value adjustments through proper arbitration; third, and most importantly, rent for these leftover spaces should be transparent for all tenants and decided by arbitration, rather than by the amount one is willing to pay. Earth and environmental sciences/Environmental social sciences/Socioeconomic scenarios Scientific community and society/Geography Full Text Additional Declarations There is NO Competing Interest. All participants in this study provided informed consent prior to their involvement. The study was reviewed and approved by the Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies (GSGES), Kyoto University, Japan. Participation in the survey and interviews was entirely voluntary, and all data were anonymized to ensure confidentiality. Supplementary Files VisualAbstract.jpg Visual Abstract ManuscriptSupplementaryfiguresandtables.pdf Supplementary Information & Data Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-6694057","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":460309085,"identity":"89dc323b-618b-479d-93cb-032916e06b4e","order_by":0,"name":"Srijon Barua","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAABAElEQVRIiWNgGAWjYFACxgYDBoYDYKbBhwogyczcQLyWwhlnQFoYCWkBA4iWz7xtEEPwqpWffbih4OOOO/LmM5IfbuCdVxvN3w7U8qNiG04tBucSGwxnnnlmOOdGmrGB5LbjuTMOMzYw9py5jVsLD2ODMW/bYcYZEglmBobbjuU2ALUwM7bh1iLfA9FiP0Mi/fuPxDnHcucT0sJwBqIlcYZEjoHBwYaa3A2EtBgAtRjObHuWPIPnTYFhw7EDuRuBWg7i84t8D/szg49td2xnsKdvMP5TU5c77/zhgw9+VOBxGAMDmwES5zCYPIBPPRAwP0Di1BFQPApGwSgYBSMRAAByLWG2dSVw+QAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6554-0214","institution":"Kyoto University","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Srijon","middleName":"","lastName":"Barua","suffix":""},{"id":460309086,"identity":"82fffab3-8cf5-405a-a100-5ae2e4c227bd","order_by":1,"name":"Hirohide Kobayashi","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Kyoto University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Hirohide","middleName":"","lastName":"Kobayashi","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-05-19 01:15:07","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6694057/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6694057/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":84184088,"identity":"3ff57070-c44e-40b5-8cc4-83e9a1792cf3","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-06-09 05:07:32","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1818277,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Article File","description":"","filename":"OnTheNatureofInfraResiudalSpacesManuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6694057/v1_covered_5eea07e9-9d73-4c3e-9587-f49bef4e80f2.pdf"},{"id":84183463,"identity":"b9d6f92d-40dc-4be3-9b8f-200de066a2b8","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-06-09 04:51:30","extension":"jpg","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":694270,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Visual Abstract","description":"","filename":"VisualAbstract.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6694057/v1/f49c11dcc9c5cf1d3bb24749.jpg"},{"id":84183466,"identity":"874d6f69-bf2d-468e-ab8a-f1e4fa24a467","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-06-09 04:51:30","extension":"pdf","order_by":2,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":4424336,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Supplementary Information \u0026 Data","description":"","filename":"ManuscriptSupplementaryfiguresandtables.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6694057/v1/f0f01ec969c94d3a8c2b6c77.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"\u003cp\u003eThere is \u003cstrong\u003eNO\u003c/strong\u003e Competing Interest.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll participants in this study provided informed consent prior to their involvement. The study was reviewed and approved by the Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies (GSGES), Kyoto University, Japan. Participation in the survey and interviews was entirely voluntary, and all data were anonymized to ensure confidentiality.\u003c/p\u003e","formattedTitle":"On the Nature of Infrastructural-Residual-Space","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"nature-portfolio","isNatureJournal":true,"hasQc":false,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"","title":"Nature Portfolio","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":false,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"ejp","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false},"keywords":"","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6694057/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6694057/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eModern transportation infrastructure creates leftover residual spaces under viaducts, railway arches, bridges, and flyovers. Arbitrary valuation for such by-product spaces causes systemic exploitation in the form of displacement, unfair rent structures, eviction, unclear land use regulations, and complicated tenant-landowner relationships, resulting in environmental degradation. We conducted a comparative study on seven cities and their evolutionary stages of infra-residual spaces. Analyzing- a global survey with 115 participants from 37 countries, interview data from 25 experts and locals on the control-design-ownership stages of IRS(Infra-residual-spaces) adaptation for these seven case studies provide us with three common conditions for infra-residual space and its adaptation process. We propose three main hypotheses: first, IRS having social, commercial, and political value eventually cannot be overlooked for development, and it is a global phenomenon irrespective of global south or north; second, whether owned by private companies or the state, local organizations should be the anchoring organizations to determine land use and land value adjustments through proper arbitration; third, and most importantly, rent for these leftover spaces should be transparent for all tenants and decided by arbitration, rather than by the amount one is willing to pay.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"On the Nature of Infrastructural-Residual-Space","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-06-09 04:51:25","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6694057/v1","editorialEvents":[],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"nature-communications","isNatureJournal":true,"hasQc":false,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"NCOMMS","sideBox":"Learn more about [Nature Communications](http://www.nature.com/ncomms/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"https://mts-ncomms.nature.com/","title":"Nature Communications","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"ejp","reportingPortfolio":"Nature Communications","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"d2bb27e8-4972-4bf8-9655-cb4618f1f085","owner":[],"postedDate":"June 9th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"under-review","subjectAreas":[{"id":48894225,"name":"Earth and environmental sciences/Environmental social sciences/Socioeconomic scenarios"},{"id":48894226,"name":"Scientific community and society/Geography"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-06-09T04:51:25+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-06-09 04:51:25","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-6694057","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-6694057","identity":"rs-6694057","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}