Synthesis of IONPs@β-CD by co-precipitation method at different ultrasound frequencies

Abstract In the last few decades, the use of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) with magnetic properties, especially in biomedicine, has gained a great attention due to the wide range of applications of those systems in various fields. In the present work, iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) using β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) as capping agent were synthesized by normal co-precipitation and reverse co-precipitation methods. Syntheses were made at 25 kHz y 45 kHz and without ultrasound for both methods. As-synthetized IONPs were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray powder diffraction, thermal analysis, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS) and electrophoretic light scattering (z potentials). The analyses of vibration sample magnetometer confirmed that the nanoparticles have magnetic properties. Differences in particle size, organic coating degrees, and magnetization values for normal and reverse co-precipitation methods for obtained IONPs were observed. The particle size determined by Scherrer equation, SEM, TEM and DLS was increased at 45 kHz for both methodologies. The z potentials nearby ˗30 mV suggest that nanoparticles dispersion are moderately stable from aggregation. Potential use a platform for magnetic separation of IONPs modified with β-CD obtained by normal co-precipitation method in this work, are analyzed by FT-IR spectroscopy, using as a model IBF, taking in account the formation of inclusion complex between this molecule and the β-CD on the surface of IONPs.