Design of self-healing mesh architecture: A proof-of-stake AODV routing protocol with autonomous adaptability.

The emergence of wireless technology brought about enhanced communication across various devices, resulting in the demand for efficient and reliable wireless networks, like wireless mesh networks (WMNs) and mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANETs). MANETs are known for their decentralized nature, rapid deployment, infrastructure-less, adaptability, and ease of use in several applications and outdoor events. Despite its flexibility, it often faces challenges relating to security vulnerabilities, together with blackhole and grayhole attacks and trade-offs in terms of performances relating to reliability and integrity. This paper proposes an improved, innovative routing protocol for Ad-hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) by infusion of blockchain’s proof of stake (PoS) consensus mechanism named PoSAODV, whose objective is to enhance security, energy-efficiency, and adaptability while reducing packet loss rate, routing overheads and increase throughput. Smart contract-based validator selection was utilized to ensure fairness and reduce blackhole and grayhole attacks. The result obtained through simulation demonstrates that PoSAODV outperforms the original AODV by reduced latency of 0.79 milliseconds, average throughput of 45Mbps, and packet delivery ratio of 80% to 100% in both unsafe and safe environments. This makes PoSAODV suitable for resource-constrained ad-hoc networks with dynamic topologies. Supplementary Material File (paper _blockchain-based aodv protocol.docx) - Download - 1.55 MB Information & Authors Information Version history Peer review timeline Published Engineering Reports Version of Record16 Feb 2026Published Copyright This work is licensed under a Non Exclusive No Reuse License.

Authors Metrics & Citations Metrics Article Usage 377views 99downloads Citations Download citation Suale Yakubu, Agnes Mindila, Peter Kihato. Design of self-healing mesh architecture: A proof-of-stake AODV routing protocol with autonomous adaptability.. Authorea. 21 March 2025. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22541/au.174258556.61672317/v1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.22541/au.174258556.61672317/v1 If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download. For more information or tips please see 'Downloading to a citation manager' in the Help menu.