Source-independent quantum random number generators with integrated silicon photonics

Source-independent quantum random number generators with integrated silicon photonics | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Source-independent quantum random number generators with integrated silicon photonics Kejin Wei, Yongqiang Du, Xin Hua, Zhengeng Zhao, Xiaoran Sun, and 2 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4033719/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 03 Jan, 2025 Read the published version in Communications Physics → Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Random numbers play a crucial role in numerous scientific applications. Source-independent quantum random number generators (SI-QRNGs) can offer true randomness by leveraging the fundamental principles of quantum mechanics, eliminating the need for a trusted source. Silicon photonics shows great promise for QRNG due to its benefits in miniaturization, cost-effective device manufacturing, and compatibility with CMOS microelectronics. In this study, we experimentally demonstrate a silicon-based discrete variable SI-QRNG. Using a well-calibrated chip and an optimized parameter strategy, we have achieved the highest quantum random number generation rate of 7.9 Mbits/s. Our research paves the way for integrated SI-QRNGs. Physical sciences/Physics/Quantum physics/Quantum information Physical sciences/Physics/Quantum physics/Qubits Physical sciences/Optics and photonics/Optical physics/Quantum optics Full Text Additional Declarations There is NO Competing Interest. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 03 Jan, 2025 Read the published version in Communications Physics → Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4033719","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":282722653,"identity":"5305d69c-4685-4a2d-ad0f-e541f2955610","order_by":0,"name":"Kejin Wei","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAAxElEQVRIiWNgGAWjYBACCYYDDAwJFTAO8VrOkKYFCBjbSNEi2XjG8MHDebWJGw4wH7zNw2CXR1CLNMMZY4PEbceNDQ6wJVvzMCQXE9Qix3B2m0TitmNyBgd4zKR5GA4kNhChZfuPxDnHeAwO8H8jTos00BaGxIYakC1sxGmRbDj/WSLh2AFjycNsxpZzDJIJa5G4cSzx44+ausS+480Pb7ypsCOshUHiAIg8zMDADKINCKoHAn6wqXXEKB0Fo2AUjIKRCgA1pj3zIpeWEAAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9000-7681","institution":"Guangxi University","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Kejin","middleName":"","lastName":"Wei","suffix":""},{"id":282722654,"identity":"0f30885a-e9a2-4749-b260-2dafe0d3e0c5","order_by":1,"name":"Yongqiang Du","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Yongqiang","middleName":"","lastName":"Du","suffix":""},{"id":282722655,"identity":"87ddff2b-2e77-4aae-9edf-3444050b1c4a","order_by":2,"name":"Xin Hua","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Xin","middleName":"","lastName":"Hua","suffix":""},{"id":282722656,"identity":"97fc5e92-81c9-4a89-b2fb-39ec9a7234bb","order_by":3,"name":"Zhengeng Zhao","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Zhengeng","middleName":"","lastName":"Zhao","suffix":""},{"id":282722657,"identity":"6030c4f6-c2bc-44bd-98f4-c519b1428ca2","order_by":4,"name":"Xiaoran Sun","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Xiaoran","middleName":"","lastName":"Sun","suffix":""},{"id":282722658,"identity":"5e6de9f3-19af-4c1a-aa97-5dd44966b183","order_by":5,"name":"Zhenrong Zhang","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Zhenrong","middleName":"","lastName":"Zhang","suffix":""},{"id":282722659,"identity":"ae1ac91c-4b23-4cdb-93ea-80ea5228b9ac","order_by":6,"name":"Xi Xiao","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Xi","middleName":"","lastName":"Xiao","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-03-08 00:35:05","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4033719/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4033719/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[{"content":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s42005-024-01917-x","type":"published","date":"2025-01-03T05:00:00+00:00"}],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":72949901,"identity":"9ec47506-abd8-4236-be2b-a683cd39b79c","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-01-04 08:11:30","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":512442,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"ChipSIQRNGCommunPhys.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4033719/v1_covered_7380a69f-5ea2-4c84-b612-b6d4d793bdbb.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"There is \u003cb\u003eNO\u003c/b\u003e Competing Interest.","formattedTitle":"Source-independent quantum random number generators with integrated silicon photonics","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"nature-portfolio","isNatureJournal":true,"hasQc":false,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"","title":"Nature Portfolio","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":false,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"ejp","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false},"keywords":"","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4033719/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4033719/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"Random numbers play a crucial role in numerous scientific applications. 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