Technology Readiness and Acceptance (2000–2024): A Bibliometric and Systematic Review toward the TRAS Framework

Technology Readiness and Acceptance (2000–2024): A Bibliometric and Systematic Review toward the TRAS Framework | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Technology Readiness and Acceptance (2000–2024): A Bibliometric and Systematic Review toward the TRAS Framework Nishant Joshi, Mayank Bhatia, Farana Kureshi This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-8359750/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract This study undertakes a comprehensive bibliometric and systematic review of scholarship on Technology Readiness and Technology Acceptance (TRA) published between 2000 and mid-2024 . Drawing on 3,006 Scopus-indexed publications , the analysis combines Biblioshiny (R) , VOSviewer , and Gephi to trace the field’s intellectual foundations , patterns of collaboration , and long-term thematic evolution . The evidence points to a sustained and substantial expansion of research activity over time, signalling the growing salience of digital readiness and technology adoption behaviour across both organisational and societal contexts. Foundational perspectives—most notably the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the Technology Readiness Index (TRI) —continue to structure much of the literature. At the same time, theoretical extensions such as UTAUT and TAM3 have progressively broadened explanatory lenses, allowing scholars to engage with more complex adoption dynamics. Thematic and keyword co-occurrence analyses reveal three dominant and interrelated research streams . The first centres on behavioural adoption and readiness , reflecting enduring interest in individual and organisational predispositions toward technology use. The second focuses on digital transformation and AI-enabled adoption , capturing the rapid diffusion of intelligent and data-driven systems. The third foregrounds sustainability-oriented and ethical technology use , highlighting growing concern with long-term consequences, responsibility, and governance. A longitudinal perspective further indicates a clear shift in emphasis. Early work was largely preoccupied with model validation and refinement . More recent studies, however, increasingly adopt integrative socio-technical perspectives , explicitly engaging with artificial intelligence , ethical considerations , and sustainability imperatives . Synthesising these developments, the study advances a Technology Readiness–Acceptance–Sustainability (TRAS) continuum as an integrative meta-framework that conceptually connects readiness conditions, adoption processes, and sustainable technology outcomes. By consolidating previously fragmented research streams, the TRAS continuum offers a coherent basis for future research agendas (2025–2030) and provides theory-informed insights for researchers , policymakers , and practitioners concerned with responsible digital transformation . Technology Readiness Technology Acceptance Bibliometric Analysis Digital Transformation AI Adoption Sustainability Scopus Quartile Existing Themes Quartile Emerging Themes Quartile TRAS Framework Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Supplementary Files SupplimentaryAnalyses.xlsx AdvanceAnalyses.xlsx ScopusMasterupdated.xlsx Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-8359750","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":561837062,"identity":"c0c789ba-667f-46f8-a05c-de154e4f4532","order_by":0,"name":"Nishant 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Drawing on \u003cb\u003e3,006 Scopus-indexed publications\u003c/b\u003e, the analysis combines \u003cb\u003eBiblioshiny (R)\u003c/b\u003e, \u003cb\u003eVOSviewer\u003c/b\u003e, and \u003cb\u003eGephi\u003c/b\u003e to trace the field\u0026rsquo;s \u003cb\u003eintellectual foundations\u003c/b\u003e, \u003cb\u003epatterns of collaboration\u003c/b\u003e, and \u003cb\u003elong-term thematic evolution\u003c/b\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe evidence points to a \u003cb\u003esustained and substantial expansion\u003c/b\u003e of research activity over time, signalling the growing salience of \u003cb\u003edigital readiness\u003c/b\u003e and \u003cb\u003etechnology adoption behaviour\u003c/b\u003e across both \u003cb\u003eorganisational\u003c/b\u003e and \u003cb\u003esocietal\u003c/b\u003e contexts. Foundational perspectives\u0026mdash;most notably the \u003cb\u003eTechnology Acceptance Model (TAM)\u003c/b\u003e and the \u003cb\u003eTechnology Readiness Index (TRI)\u003c/b\u003e\u0026mdash;continue to structure much of the literature. At the same time, theoretical extensions such as \u003cb\u003eUTAUT\u003c/b\u003e and \u003cb\u003eTAM3\u003c/b\u003e have progressively broadened explanatory lenses, allowing scholars to engage with more complex adoption dynamics.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThematic and keyword co-occurrence analyses reveal \u003cb\u003ethree dominant and interrelated research streams\u003c/b\u003e. The first centres on \u003cb\u003ebehavioural adoption and readiness\u003c/b\u003e, reflecting enduring interest in individual and organisational predispositions toward technology use. The second focuses on \u003cb\u003edigital transformation and AI-enabled adoption\u003c/b\u003e, capturing the rapid diffusion of intelligent and data-driven systems. The third foregrounds \u003cb\u003esustainability-oriented and ethical technology use\u003c/b\u003e, highlighting growing concern with long-term consequences, responsibility, and governance.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA longitudinal perspective further indicates a clear shift in emphasis. Early work was largely preoccupied with \u003cb\u003emodel validation and refinement\u003c/b\u003e. More recent studies, however, increasingly adopt \u003cb\u003eintegrative socio-technical perspectives\u003c/b\u003e, explicitly engaging with \u003cb\u003eartificial intelligence\u003c/b\u003e, \u003cb\u003eethical considerations\u003c/b\u003e, and \u003cb\u003esustainability imperatives\u003c/b\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSynthesising these developments, the study advances a \u003cb\u003eTechnology Readiness\u0026ndash;Acceptance\u0026ndash;Sustainability (TRAS) continuum\u003c/b\u003e as an \u003cb\u003eintegrative meta-framework\u003c/b\u003e that conceptually connects readiness conditions, adoption processes, and sustainable technology outcomes. By consolidating previously fragmented research streams, the TRAS continuum offers a coherent basis for \u003cb\u003efuture research agendas (2025\u0026ndash;2030)\u003c/b\u003e and provides \u003cb\u003etheory-informed insights\u003c/b\u003e for \u003cb\u003eresearchers\u003c/b\u003e, \u003cb\u003epolicymakers\u003c/b\u003e, and \u003cb\u003epractitioners\u003c/b\u003e concerned with \u003cb\u003eresponsible digital transformation\u003c/b\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Technology Readiness and Acceptance (2000–2024): A Bibliometric and Systematic Review toward the TRAS Framework","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-12-19 08:45:37","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8359750/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"5bb33b38-f0c0-4277-a9f8-b9dd0cc833af","owner":[],"postedDate":"December 19th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-03-17T17:57:33+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-12-19 08:45:37","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-8359750","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-8359750","identity":"rs-8359750","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}