Integrative analysis of transcriptome and metabolome profiling reveal coloration molecular mechanisms in four rapeseed petals with different color

Integrative analysis of transcriptome and metabolome profiling reveal coloration molecular mechanisms in four rapeseed petals with different color | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Integrative analysis of transcriptome and metabolome profiling reveal coloration molecular mechanisms in four rapeseed petals with different color Tao Zheng, Qiao Chen, Mengjiao Chen, Haitao Zeng, Yan Xue, Qi Tang, and 2 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3893847/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Background The colorful rapeseed petals have specific phenotype and excellent ornamental value. However, the coloration mechanism of rapeseed petals are poorly understood. In this study, the integrative metabolome and transcriptome analysis of white, yellow, dark purple, and dark red rapeseed petals were analyzed to elucidate the mechanisms regulating petal pigmentation. Results The metabolome analysis results revealed that chalcones compounds, tamarixetin-3-O-glucoside-7-O-rhamnoside and 4'-hydroxy-2,4,6-trimethoxydihydrochalcone diaplayed a higher accumulation in the yellow color of rape petals, acylated anthocyanins, cyanidin-3-O- (6"-O-caffeoyl) sophoroside-7-O-glucoside and cyanidin-3-O-feruloylglucoside-5-O-glucoside were the main pigments that caused the dark purple color of rapeseed petals, and glycosylated anthocyanins, peonidin-3-O-glucoside were the main coloring substances in the dark red rape petals. KEGG and qRT-PCR results suggested that the higher expression of CHS lead to the accumulation of 4'-hydroxy-2,4,6-trimethoxydihydrochalcone in yellow petals. ANS1 , CCoAAT2 and CCoAOMT were responsible for regulating the biosynthesis of cyanidin-3-O- (6"-O-caffeoyl) sophoroside-7-O-glucoside and cyanidin-3-O-feruloylglucoside-5-O-glucoside in dark purple petals. ANS1 , UGT , MT1 , and MT2 co-expressed to regulate peonidin-3-O-glucoside content in dark red petals. The differential expression of CHS , ANS , UGT , CCoAOMT , CCoAAT2 , and MT2 was contributed to the yellow, dark purple and dark red formation of rapeseed flowers. Through weighted gene co-expression network analysis, it was found that five modules were highly correlated with flavonoids accumulation, in which five candidate transcription factors MYB12 , MYB122 , MYB114 , bHLH21 , and bHLH96 related to flavonoids biosynthesis were identified. Conclusion A genetic and metabolic regulatory network of flavonoid biosynthesis in rapeseed petals with different color was proposed, according to the those differential flavonoids and the candidate genes screened. In summary, this study elucidated the molecular mechanism of coloration formation in rapeseed petal for comprehensive utilization. Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) transcriptome metabolome anthocyanins petal color Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Supplementary Files SupplementaryFigure.docx TableS1.xlsx TableS2.xlsx TableS3.xlsx TableS4.xlsx TableS5.xlsx TableS6.xlsx TableS7.xlsx TableS8.xlsx TableS9.xlsx TableS10.xlsx Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-3893847","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":270413342,"identity":"69352c3c-4428-46ce-a559-2bf97f2a1ff1","order_by":0,"name":"Tao Zheng","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Shaanxi University of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Tao","middleName":"","lastName":"Zheng","suffix":""},{"id":270413344,"identity":"2a53ec50-c3dc-4d5e-9de5-d5e9db02314a","order_by":1,"name":"Qiao Chen","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Hanzhong Vocational and Technical College","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Qiao","middleName":"","lastName":"Chen","suffix":""},{"id":270413347,"identity":"3c6b1433-d26e-4a13-8203-1a1f940d1541","order_by":2,"name":"Mengjiao Chen","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Shaanxi University of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Mengjiao","middleName":"","lastName":"Chen","suffix":""},{"id":270413349,"identity":"f32b3f07-6b7c-48f0-9524-40f2dda34ff3","order_by":3,"name":"Haitao Zeng","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA8UlEQVRIiWNgGAWjYJACZgYGCRB1AMpPIE4LUA8bSKkB0VpA1vAYEKdFvr338OuCGos6/vaez58L2/4w8LPnGDD83IFbC2PPuTTrGcckJCTOnN0mPbPNgEGy540BY+8ZPI6SyDEz5mED+uVG7jZmXqAWgxs5BsyMbbi1sMm/AWr5JyEhfyPn8WeQFntCWngkeIwf87ZJSAANZ5AG2yJBQIsET44ZM2+fhOTGM8fMpHnOGfNInHlWcLAXjxb59jPGn3m+1fHLHW9+/JmnTE6Ovz1544OfeLSAvCOB4lIQcQCvBmCgfSCgYBSMglEwCkY6AAB4rEXWHNV2GQAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"","institution":"Shaanxi University of Technology","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Haitao","middleName":"","lastName":"Zeng","suffix":""},{"id":270413350,"identity":"16680cb3-8c74-439d-8f6a-4eb42fe57564","order_by":4,"name":"Yan Xue","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Hanzhong Institute of Agricultural Sciences","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Yan","middleName":"","lastName":"Xue","suffix":""},{"id":270413351,"identity":"f2edc324-88c3-4b73-93ec-da806b62146d","order_by":5,"name":"Qi Tang","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Shaanxi University of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Qi","middleName":"","lastName":"Tang","suffix":""},{"id":270413352,"identity":"0bf91889-193f-4d9d-b7a9-73d80f569753","order_by":6,"name":"Hao Xu","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Shaanxi University of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Hao","middleName":"","lastName":"Xu","suffix":""},{"id":270413353,"identity":"6feeb06a-00cf-482c-ae1d-5e92c1ab3976","order_by":7,"name":"Ying Li","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Hanzhong Institute of Agricultural Sciences","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Ying","middleName":"","lastName":"Li","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-01-24 10:59:58","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3893847/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3893847/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":57002898,"identity":"56a483f2-5982-4d3f-9aef-f5c56749ed42","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-05-23 09:16:35","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1564174,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3893847/v1_covered_f57c0195-a3eb-48dd-bb6e-5fe0163db758.pdf"},{"id":50566103,"identity":"22e563ef-e03f-4ebc-9710-f372c67fdea4","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-02-02 15:11:42","extension":"docx","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":1528552,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"SupplementaryFigure.docx","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3893847/v1/abbb0514db8971e0834c6688.docx"},{"id":50566094,"identity":"8363dfba-11ef-4694-a01a-288d3c0fa9d8","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-02-02 15:11:42","extension":"xlsx","order_by":2,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":9735,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"TableS1.xlsx","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3893847/v1/e775499a4cd2413e000a619b.xlsx"},{"id":50567412,"identity":"e69dba62-fb0e-49fd-a7e3-28330fccad97","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-02-02 15:19:42","extension":"xlsx","order_by":3,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":136862,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"TableS2.xlsx","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3893847/v1/bd8a422a3aacba7d25590f77.xlsx"},{"id":50567411,"identity":"7ae99a75-34e5-4999-bbd4-01293668ebcc","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-02-02 15:19:42","extension":"xlsx","order_by":4,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":9782,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"TableS3.xlsx","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3893847/v1/e77acf2c9c48055904efd605.xlsx"},{"id":50566104,"identity":"31bc2759-2b45-45de-a3e5-ee8d90b40bdd","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-02-02 15:11:43","extension":"xlsx","order_by":5,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":11857678,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"TableS4.xlsx","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3893847/v1/f405a25c9684f0403671f5fb.xlsx"},{"id":50567410,"identity":"1d468e4b-f696-447a-b014-9e95bbc6ce07","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-02-02 15:19:42","extension":"xlsx","order_by":6,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":13800,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"TableS5.xlsx","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3893847/v1/a8b672aee329f4da549bb9ec.xlsx"},{"id":50566096,"identity":"157a7a88-31c2-46ff-8696-64923984451f","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-02-02 15:11:42","extension":"xlsx","order_by":7,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":12817,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"TableS6.xlsx","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3893847/v1/7f0ccb9c7854efe262a40931.xlsx"},{"id":50566100,"identity":"bd90f0ae-5df8-4910-be58-71fb2301dd29","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-02-02 15:11:42","extension":"xlsx","order_by":8,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":12159,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"TableS7.xlsx","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3893847/v1/b940efc4bfbff40d15091813.xlsx"},{"id":50566095,"identity":"a395b2fa-5170-481f-9b9d-e388395ed7e2","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-02-02 15:11:42","extension":"xlsx","order_by":9,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":14124,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"TableS8.xlsx","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3893847/v1/a3455abd729d1f66ebcf18df.xlsx"},{"id":50566102,"identity":"609ad120-e055-4785-88a8-fe1152c963a7","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-02-02 15:11:42","extension":"xlsx","order_by":10,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":14137,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"TableS9.xlsx","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3893847/v1/db239e9290258306e3c8acdd.xlsx"},{"id":50566098,"identity":"f005e6a5-5553-45d8-8fd7-c5d6defc9e07","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-02-02 15:11:42","extension":"xlsx","order_by":11,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":12457,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"TableS10.xlsx","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3893847/v1/afefbdb67c0c7ac47687bb01.xlsx"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Integrative analysis of transcriptome and metabolome profiling reveal coloration molecular mechanisms in four rapeseed petals with different color","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), transcriptome, metabolome, anthocyanins, petal color","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3893847/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3893847/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe colorful rapeseed petals have specific phenotype and excellent ornamental value. However, the coloration mechanism of rapeseed petals are poorly understood. In this study, the integrative metabolome and transcriptome analysis of white, yellow, dark purple, and dark red rapeseed petals were analyzed to elucidate the mechanisms regulating petal pigmentation.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResults\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe metabolome analysis results revealed that chalcones compounds, tamarixetin-3-O-glucoside-7-O-rhamnoside and 4'-hydroxy-2,4,6-trimethoxydihydrochalcone diaplayed a higher accumulation in the yellow color of rape petals, acylated anthocyanins, cyanidin-3-O- (6\"-O-caffeoyl) sophoroside-7-O-glucoside and cyanidin-3-O-feruloylglucoside-5-O-glucoside were the main pigments that caused the dark purple color of rapeseed petals, and glycosylated anthocyanins, peonidin-3-O-glucoside were the main coloring substances in the dark red rape petals. KEGG and qRT-PCR results suggested that the higher expression of \u003cem\u003eCHS\u003c/em\u003e lead to the accumulation of 4'-hydroxy-2,4,6-trimethoxydihydrochalcone in yellow petals. \u003cem\u003eANS1\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eCCoAAT2\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eCCoAOMT\u003c/em\u003e were responsible for regulating the biosynthesis of cyanidin-3-O- (6\"-O-caffeoyl) sophoroside-7-O-glucoside and cyanidin-3-O-feruloylglucoside-5-O-glucoside in dark purple petals. \u003cem\u003eANS1\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eUGT\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eMT1\u003c/em\u003e, and \u003cem\u003eMT2\u003c/em\u003e co-expressed to regulate peonidin-3-O-glucoside content in dark red petals. The differential expression of \u003cem\u003eCHS\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eANS\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eUGT\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eCCoAOMT\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eCCoAAT2\u003c/em\u003e, and \u003cem\u003eMT2\u003c/em\u003e was contributed to the yellow, dark purple and dark red formation of rapeseed flowers. Through weighted gene co-expression network analysis, it was found that five modules were highly correlated with flavonoids accumulation, in which five candidate transcription factors \u003cem\u003eMYB12\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eMYB122\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eMYB114\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003ebHLH21\u003c/em\u003e, and \u003cem\u003ebHLH96\u003c/em\u003e related to flavonoids biosynthesis were identified.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eConclusion\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eA genetic and metabolic regulatory network of flavonoid biosynthesis in rapeseed petals with different color was proposed, according to the those differential flavonoids and the candidate genes screened. In summary, this study elucidated the molecular mechanism of coloration formation in rapeseed petal for comprehensive utilization.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Integrative analysis of transcriptome and metabolome profiling reveal coloration molecular mechanisms in four rapeseed petals with different color","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2024-02-02 15:11:37","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3893847/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"21c9c8b2-58d7-43a8-81d4-74e939af0154","owner":[],"postedDate":"February 2nd, 2024","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2024-05-23T09:08:26+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2024-02-02 15:11:37","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-3893847","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-3893847","identity":"rs-3893847","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"qtupq5eGEP_6zYnWcrvyt","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}