The Relationship of Green Economy on Food Resilience, Sustainability of Land Fertility, and the Improvement Offarmers' Welfare Exceeds 40 Percent

The Relationship of Green Economy on Food Resilience, Sustainability of Land Fertility, and the Improvement Offarmers' Welfare Exceeds 40 Percent | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article The Relationship of Green Economy on Food Resilience, Sustainability of Land Fertility, and the Improvement Offarmers' Welfare Exceeds 40 Percent Eric Hermawan, Abdul Wahab Samad This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6437985/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract This research underscores the urgency of food resilience, providing green economic sustainability while simultaneously enhancing farmers' welfare and restoring land fertility to ensure its sustainability. Land use for food crop cultivation is subject to the condition that it can only be utilized if it can restore its fertility to its original state. This is achieved through land management with specific organic fertilizers. The aim of this study is to realize food resilience by first achieving green economy. The research method employed in this study is quantitative research using the Smart Partial Least Square (SmartPLS) algorithm. Smart PLS algorithm is a statistical software aimed at testing relationships between variables not solely based on various assumptions. It is hoped that this research will provide a roadmap for achieving food resilience through green economy, realized through stages of land fertility, welfare sustainability, and agricultural yield increase above 40 percent. The implications of this research include enhancing the quality of human resources in the agricultural sector while fulfilling their role as stewards of the earth. sustainability fertility farmers' welfare green economy food resilience Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Introduction Climate change and its environmental impacts are critical issues that require effective strategies. In the context of the green economy, there is a primary focus on implementing sustainability, renewable energy, and eco-friendly technologies. These approaches aim to reduce ecological damage while promoting long-term societal well-being. Similarly, the concept of the blue economy stresses the sustainable utilization of marine resources, including fisheries, aquaculture, and marine energy. Cloud formation plays a crucial role in regulating the Earth's energy balance, as it both reflects sunlight, causing a cooling effect, and traps heat, which leads to a warming effect. Tziperman points out the significance of this process, known as moist convection, which involves the vertical movement of humid air, leading to cloud formation. This phenomenon affects rainfall patterns, temperature, and overall climate dynamics. The uncertainties in cloud behavior add complexity to climate modeling, making it essential to understand these processes for accurate climate projections. Efforts to combat climate change must be global in scope, aiming to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, protect ecosystems, and build resilience. Mitigation strategies include shifting to more environmentally friendly energy sources, preserving forests, and adopting sustainable practices across various sectors. Organic fertilizers have been found to provide significant benefits in food production. These include more efficient nutrient absorption by plants, leading to improved harvests. They have also been shown to stimulate off-season fruiting, reduce fertilizer costs, and improve soil conditions, particularly in acidic soils. Furthermore, organic fertilizers can enhance plant resistance to extreme weather, encourage simultaneous harvesting, and even improve the well-being of aquaculture species when used in ponds. The long-term effectiveness and sustainability of these fertilizers highlight their value in agricultural production systems. The region of Pinrang holds considerable potential for investment in both agriculture and fisheries, with a total of 17,143.23 Ha available for these purposes. In 2021, fisheries production in Pinrang reached over 42,000 tons, while agricultural land for rice and corn cultivation covers over 56,000 Ha and 10,000 Ha, respectively. The region’s rice production alone reached 638,983 tons in 2020, while the potential for increased production through the use of organic fertilizers suggests a 40% rise in productivity. This improvement could bring significant returns, with projected investment values and profits making it an attractive area for agricultural and fisheries investments. The development of adequate infrastructure, such as warehousing and logistics systems, is crucial for supporting this growth and ensuring that increased production reaches consumers efficiently. A. Land Sustainability (denoted by variable X1) 1.1. Target of Green Economy Policies (denoted by indicator X1.1) All governments are obligated to fulfill their role of ensuring the safety of their food supply. According to Erokhin and Gao (Erokhin & Gao, 2020 ), governments, both at the central and local levels, are faced with a variety of policy choices that need to be tailored to meet the needs of the community in order to ensure food security. These choices include expanding investment programs in agriculture, promoting the use of environmentally friendly technologies to address the needs of climate change, restoring agricultural land that has been damaged by the use of chemicals, ensuring increased post-harvest storage and supply chain mechanisms, and even engaging in the promotion of agricultural products specifically. Every government, at every level, faces a unique set of challenges for its middle class as they transition from traditional foods to more nutritious foods such as meat, fish, and dairy products. This transition necessitates support to expand access to higher-resource provisions from the country, which may include meeting the requirements of domestic agriculture or acquiring them through larger-scale import mechanisms. 1.2. Efforts to Achieve Green Economy (denoted by indicator X1.2) According to the report published by the Pinrang Food Security Office (Dinas Ketahanan Pangan Pinrang 2018 ), the food security program is carried out by means of activities that are associated with the green and blue economies. This is obvious from the data that is listed in the food security performance report. This can be achieved through policies: (a) increasing production in green economy activities through diversification of food resources, institutional strengthening at every level of green economy activity implementation, followed by strengthening local wisdom culture in Pinrang society, (b) optimizing green economy activities with economic efficiency focusing on the competitive advantage of Pinrang's agricultural region as the national rice barn, (c) improving food distribution arrangements based on competitive market mechanisms and fairness for all green economy players, (d) optimizing the implementation of food security programs as part of efforts to increase economic growth, providing higher income for farmers, ensuring availability and distribution of agricultural products, and support 1.3. Adoption of Green Economy Models (denoted by indicator X1.3) By comparing development programs in countries around the world in addressing the impacts of climate change and the environment, according to Fu and Ng (Fu & Ng, 2020 ), based on development in areas with natural resources that have advantages to support industries and with different geographical characteristics, Hong Kong has advantages in the Greater Bay area. Starting with the development plan of Hong Kong as a green financial center, then Guangzhou as an innovation and reform zone for green finance, and Macau as a complementary digital platform city for green finance. Specifically, Hong Kong's framework establishes a green financial administration area launched to support bond issuance for companies based in Hong Kong through a green financial certification scheme to enhance transparency and accreditation of products and market confidence. The Hong Kong Monetary Authority has strengthened this green finance initiative by representing the Government in forming the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) green financial area in offering green bonds to finance public capital-based projects aimed at enhancing environmental sustainability and addressing climate change. What if this were adopted for Indonesia's green economy? 1.4. Adoption of Policies into Food Security Programs (denoted by indicator X1.4) By applying organic fertilizer in agriculture in Pinrang Regency, based on the potential and available land area for investment in Pinrang through agricultural fisheries reaching 17,143.23 ha, with fishery production reaching 42,075.01 tons in 2020. The land area for rice cultivation is 56,097.80 ha and for corn is 10,815 ha. Rice production in 2020 reached 638,983 tons while corn reached 122.02 tons in the same year. Meanwhile, the plantation area covers 41,177.65 ha with productivity reaching 19,070.47 tons from Coconut to Aren. What if the aforementioned organic fertilizer is adopted for agriculture in Indonesia, especially in Pinrang? 1.5. Food Security Design (denoted by indicator X1.5) The food security investment program in Pinrang, as a concept for increasing investment aimed at enhancing agricultural production and preserving land fertility as proposed by Bumb & Baanante (Bumb & Baanante, 2020 ), is well-received by the Pinrang District Government as an effort to develop agricultural industrial zones as a development design (Fu & Ng, 2020 ) to improve the welfare of farmers and the Pinrang community (Green, 2020 ). In realizing this, policy support provided by the local government is ready to take necessary measures related to water, energy, and food management (Purwanto, 2021 ). 1.6. Infrastructure Support (denoted by indicator X1.6) Increasing the efficiency with which fertilizer is used in agricultural production in Pinrang is anticipated to result in a forty percent rise. As a consequence of this, the strategy of utilizing organic fertilizer must be followed by the establishment of integrated warehouse infrastructure within a region that has a complex logistics system present in the Pinrang area. The proximity of this logistical system to the port is a need for its operation here. In the absence of sufficient logistical assistance, the increasing output growth will not have a substantial influence on the community. In contrast, research that aims to provide added value, such as agricultural seeds, agricultural systems, and logistics systems, is required in order to support production and ensure the achievement of production targets according to agricultural projections in Pinrang Regency. This is necessary in order to guarantee the quality of the products that are produced. It is also the responsibility of educational institutions to ensure that their graduates are capable of making the Pinrang agricultural program the most successful agricultural production program in Indonesia. Consequently, the aforementioned rise in production, or the large-scale investments that have been made, will only be optimally realized by expanding the Pinrang region in a more broad manner. B. Land Fertility (denoted by variable X2) 2.1. Formation of Climate Change Models (denoted by indicator X2.1) The sustainability of climate change and the environment are impacted by the optimization of green economy operations. Tziperman ( 2022 ) posits that cloud formation models, which are a means of facilitating climate change, exert an influence on climate and the environment via processes related to moist convection in the atmosphere. An uncertain formation model is one such model that warrants consideration. The effects of the Arctic and global warming can be amplified by this atmospheric climate and environmental change model, which can be simulated as a single model. This can result in the occurrence of natural disasters like hurricanes, forest fires, extreme droughts, hot air pressure, extreme rainfall, and many more. 2.2. Failure in Climate Management (denoted by indicator X2.2) According to Green (Green, 2020 ), the collapse of Bretton Woods, a small town in New Hampshire, illustrates a common prevalence of crises that undermine financial systems with wide-ranging impacts and contradictorily overturn established logic. This is especially true in environmentally conscious development with green economy activities. This either signals the return of classical economic concepts, formerly referred to as the original Keynesian theory, or has a substantial impact on the United States' global financial dominance. These developments shed light on the ways in which the Anglo-American area associated with Britain's credit dominance—which was first applied to Bretton Woods and then only continued for their transactions—had a broad impact on transatlantic transaction use, particularly with regard to changes taking place in the City of London. Keynesian economic theory principles state that these transactions had a dynamic influence on financial credit while simultaneously eroding the domestic foundations of the Bretton Woods financial agreements for both the United States and Britain. The legal framework that Britain used to establish and expand the Bretton Woods financial agreements was not intended to reinforce the economic theories of John Maynard Keynes. The aim was to sustain the dominance of the pound sterling as a global currency and London's involvement in shaping the development of international financial infrastructure (at least in relation to the infrastructure of the international gold market) through negotiations with allies to influence US finance. This was done to guarantee that financial developments uphold the British capitalist system and remain the cornerstone of the post-war financial era. Keynesian economic theory, sometimes referred to as the theory of all economic spending and its impact on inflation and economic growth or decline (Green, 2020 , p. 81). In order to spur demand and lift the world economy out of stagnation, this idea proposes cutting taxes and raising expenditure by the government. When used, the loan offered by Bretton Woods during the British reforms actually put further strain on the London economy. What if Indonesia's green economy implemented this? 2.3. Pressure on Green Economy (denoted by indicator X2.3) Climate change, environmental conditions, land utilization, and the management of natural resources are all areas that are being put under strain as a result of the overall implications of climate change. conventional food supply networks are impacted by this demand, which encompasses a wide range of farmer production techniques and conventional food security approaches. The combined effects of technical improvements and globalization bring further strain to traditional food security, particularly in agriculture in Nordic states located in the Arctic Circle, in order to handle climate and environmental changes in places that are circumpolar. Concurrently, the stockpiles of food supply are declining, which is leading to an increased dependency on food imports, which will continue to expand throughout regions, particularly in the states of Europe. Many settlements located within the Arctic Circle are negatively impacted as a result of this circumstance since it has negative implications for the availability of food that is both safe and healthy. C. Increased Farmer Welfare (denoted by variable X3) 3.1. Role of Food Security (denoted by indicator X3.1) In the event of a financial collapse, communities' food security is compromised. The fulfillment of food supply promises is disrupted by climate change crises. According to Hossain, Nilsson, and Marti (Hossain, Nilsson, & Marti, 2021 ), in recent years, food security has become a key concern that affects the conditions of the Arctic region in the northern polar area, which is fundamentally uncertain and experiences circumpolar conditions. This is because the Arctic region is located in the circumpolar region. In order to investigate the reasons behind the unpredictability of food security challenges in this region, research has been carried out. This research has necessitated an exhaustive investigation into the factors that influence food production capacity and food security systems throughout the region. The natural and the geopolitical, socioeconomic, and cultural forces all have a big impact on these aspects, which also have a substantial influence. Both in each region, contributing to environmental transformation, geophysical aspects (natural resource exploration, groundwater, and physical mapping), and economics, as well as in the political and socio-cultural aspects of human life, global climate change and its resulting impacts occur disproportionately. This is the case in both natural and man-made environments. In the same vein, the transformation of politics, economics, social, and cultural aspects not only incorporates the natural ecology of the region but also provides prospects for the expansion of economic globalization. 3.2. Role of Organic Fertilizers (denoted by indicator X3.2) It is vital to use organic fertilizers in order to restore the natural environmental functions in order to provide food that is both safe and nutritious while also offering support from climate change and environmental change. According to research, one of the organic fertilizer products produced from nanotechnology in Japan (Yomari International, 2021 ), the production of food with this organic fertilizer yields benefits such as the following: (1) ready-to-absorb food for plants produced directly absorbed by plants without the need for photosynthesis [Yomari International, 2021 ] (2) The plant fertilizer that is provided is organic and is derived from components derived from plants. (3) The use of this organic fertilizer encourages plants to produce fruit outside of their normal growing season. (4) The cost of fertilizing plants can be reduced by up to 90 percent when compared to the use of chemical, compound, or traditional fertilizers, and by forty percent over the use of other particular organic fertilizers. (5) This organic fertilizer is comprised of thirteen vital nutrients and four active components, as determined by research conducted over a period of ten years. The conclusions of this research indicate that these active ingredients are extremely useful for plants. (6) The organic fertilizer has the ability to improve the acidity of the soil and bring it back to appropriate levels. The ability of plants to adapt to shifting weather conditions is a seventh benefit. (8) Accelerates higher growth rates, which results in faster harvests or simultaneous targeted harvesting, including an increase in the number of rice shoots (9) Appropriate for use in fish ponds or shrimp ponds, which are designed to make fish or shrimp more comfortable, resilient, and stress-free, all of which contribute to an increase in their productivity. (10) It is possible to use it in conjunction with insecticides, pesticides, and chemical fertilizers at the same time; however, when it is used, it should only be used in modest amounts. This makes it more efficient in terms of working time while guaranteeing that it will be effective one hundred percent of the time. (11) This organic fertilizer has no expiration date (the longer it is stored, the greater its quality), and it acts as a "antibiotic" for sick plants (fungus, leaf curl), while also avoiding other pests, with the exception of mice and other similar organisms, finally boosting plant immunity. (12) If it is not used, this organic fertilizer has no expiration date. This fertilizer has the potential to produce harvests that are forty to sixty percent higher than average if everything is done correctly and the fertilizer is applied correctly. 3.3. Organic fertilizers contribute to community welfare, denoted by indicator X3.3. According to the findings of Raksun's study (Raksun, 2016 ), the use of organic and non-organic fertilizers led to an increase in agricultural production of between 3 and 20 percent for non-organic fertilizers and between 20 and 23 percent for organic fertilizers. According to Yomari International ( 2021 ), additional research conducted in Japan focused on organic fertilizers that were manufactured using nanotechnology revealed an improvement in production yields of between forty and sixty percent. When the prospects and agricultural output in Pinrang Regency are taken into consideration (Bappelitbanda Kab Pinrang, 2021 ), the usage of nano-technology fertilizers gives a possibility for increasing agricultural productivity, with the potential for a maximum profit of Rp4.911 trillion. The findings of the investigation indicate that there was a forty percent increase in the amount of rice produced, which went from 638,983 tons to 894,576 tons. 3.4. Opportunity for a 40% Increase in Green Agricultural Economy (denoted by indicator X3.4) The application of nano-fertilizers is intended to enhance agricultural productivity with a maximum profit value of Rp4.911 trillion, taking into account the prospects and agricultural production in Pinrang Regency (Bappelitbanda Kab Pinrang, 2021 ). In addition, a 40% rise in rice production is predicted, from 638,983 tons to 894,576 tons, based on production growth analysis. Arafah's research (Arafah, 2011 ) on the usage of organic fertilizers in Pinrang revealed a profit difference of Rp1,582,480/ha, or a 23.19% increase, between treatments using organic fertilizers. With an increase of Rp580,600/ha, or 7.42%, this gain was ascribed to the application of two types of organic fertilizers, namely manure and straw. Comparable studies by Raksun (Raksun, 2016 ; Tziperman, 2022 ) showed that applying biogreen granule organic fertilizer enhanced the soil's biological, chemical, and physical characteristics, which in turn enhanced crop growth and output. Production rose by 23% or 2.8 tons/ha when biogreen granules at a certain dosage were used during fertilization. According to a different study by Gama, Oktaviani, and Ririn (Gama, Oktaviani, & Rifin, 2016 ), rice harvests were boosted by 10–40% while using Beka-Pomi organic fertilizer. Additionally, the application of nanotechnology-enhanced organic fertilizer, as demonstrated by plot demonstrations in conjunction with chemical fertilizers in accordance with treatment conditions in Bojonegoro (PPL Disperta Bojonegoro, 2018), led to an 18–36% increase in rice productivity, or 1–2.5 tons/ha. D. The increase in agricultural yield exceeding 40 percent (represented by variable X4) 4.1. Organic Fertilizers on Health Issues (represented by indicator X4.1) As stated by (Wells & Johnson, 2020 ), the exploitation of organic fertilizers and plant-based materials in the process of increasing agricultural output can be broken down into a number of specific activities that are critically important. First and foremost, these organic fertilizers address the health, safety, and environmental concerns that are brought about by their utilization and the source of components that are derived from leaves and flowers. Thirdly, precautions are made to ensure that the utilization of organic fertilizers and plant-based materials does not result in any potentially harmful changes to the climate and environment. As a second step, efforts are performed to prevent and minimize any problems that may occur during storage and post-production handling activities. 4.2 . Organic fertilizers ensure environmental sustainability, as indicated by indicator X4.2. The use of organic fertilizers in accordance with proper usage procedures, along with the complementary use of other fertilizers, can help alleviate the pressure of plant population and environmental degradation on land in a number of different ways, according to Bumb and Baanante ( 2020 ). This is done in order to maintain productivity on the one hand and soil fertility on the other. First and foremost, organic fertilizers offer vital plant nutrients that help to restore the fertility of the soil, which in turn increases crop yields and the amount of food that is produced. Secondly, an increase in the fertility of the soil for plants results in an increase in the amount of biomass that can be plowed back into the soil. This helps to maintain the supply of organic matter for plants and to meet the fertility requirements of vegetables. Additionally, residues from the use of organic fertilizer by plants contribute to a reduction in soil erosion. In conclusion, the third point is that the strategic application of organic fertilizers and other complementary materials can generate requirements that are mutually beneficial for both the land and the plants. This can be accomplished while simultaneously increasing crop production through the application of organic fertilizers in regions that have a high potential for fertility (regions that have better soil fertility and favorable agroecological conditions). The increased food production that is generated can also reduce the pressure that is placed on the conversion of rich habitat-bearing forests into agricultural land, which will ultimately result in a reduction in the amount of forest that is cleared. Fourthly, the application of chemical phosphate fertilizers and other heavy materials for a single application, followed by periodic annual land maintenance with the application of organic fertilizer, has the potential to enhance and sustain soil productivity in highly acidic soils. If periodic maintenance applications are applied, these soils can still offer significant potential, particularly in developing countries, to increase food production. In conclusion, the utilization of organic fertilizers in conjunction with other supplements has the potential to make a substantial contribution to the fulfillment of sustainable food requirements throughout generations. This is accomplished by preserving the natural resource capital in the soil, assuring the efficient management of climate change, and supporting environmental conservation. 4.3. The sustainability of environmental management concerning water, energy, and food (denoted by indicator X4.3) The interconnection of variables within the Water, Energy, and Food (WEF) management system is demonstrated by the research conducted by Purwanto (Purwanto, 2021 ) in the context of agricultural policy. This research makes use of an integrated nexus method to manage water, energy, and food availability. Analysis that makes use of the nexus approach, which integrates cross-sectoral management and governance priorities for agricultural development, reveals that the relationship between food security within the context of the World Economic Forum (WEF) at the local level and the implications of local interventions through planned policies in WEF sector management, along with the utilization of conceptual and quantitative frameworks and dynamic system modeling, as well as the participation of stakeholders and collaborative policy-making processes, contributes to the enhancement of food security, climate change, and environmental sustainability. As a case study intended to illustrate all of the issues associated with food security and related factors at the local level in WEF-integrated food security policies, this research was carried out in Karawang Regency, which is located in Indonesia. E. Achievement of the Green Economy (denoted by variable Y1) 5.1. Green Economic Management (denoted by variable Y1.1) The sustainability of food production and natural resources on land, as mentioned by Balkrishna et al. ( 2022 ), has become an essential factor in determining the level of wealth that a nation enjoys in this age of globalization. According to the findings of statistical analysis, agricultural products are responsible for about two-thirds of the total value of trade that occurs around the world. In point of fact, every single item of food that is placed in front of us, even when it is fresh, comes from somewhere else and is obtained through a supply chain management system that is extremely effective. Processing food has evolved as a new dimension that is affecting the way that we eat food, and it is all from the agriculture sector that this transformation has occurred. Food and animal products that have been processed are brought into the processing sector, where they go through a number of different steps of processing before being packaged and eventually being sold to customers. In this day and age of globalization, it is well acknowledged that dairy and meat products account for around fifty percent of the total processed food supply that is consumed worldwide. As Balkrishna et al. ( 2022 ) point out, the sustainability of food production and natural resources on land has become a key component in determining the degree of prosperity that a nation enjoys in this age of globalization. This is because globalization has made it more difficult for food production to be sustainable. In accordance with the conclusions of statistical analysis, agricultural items are accountable for approximately two-thirds of the total worth of trade that takes place all over the world. Every single item of food that is placed in front of us, even when it is fresh, originates from somewhere else and is obtained through a supply chain management system that is incredibly efficient. This is the case even when the food is fresh. The processing of food has developed into a new dimension that is influencing the manner in which we consume food, and this revolution has been brought about entirely by the agricultural sector. Before being packed and finally sold to customers, food and animal products that have been processed are brought into the processing sector, where they go through a variety of various processing procedures. finally, they are sold to customers. In this day and age of globalization, it is common information that goods derived from dairy and beef make up around fifty percent of the total supply of processed food that is consumed all over the world. 5.2. The attractiveness of investing in organic fertilizers is deemed unappealing, as indicated by indicator Y1.2 According to Bumb and Baanante (Bumb & Baanante, 2020 ), companies that produce organic fertilizers not just in rich nations but also in developing countries have reserve funds that are always available for investment in fertilizer companies. This is in relation to fertilizer programs for agriculture. The disparities in the prices of fertilizers, including organic fertilizers, as well as the production costs of each type of fertilizer have resulted in increasing profits over the past several years, which has eventually hampered investment. Companies from nations such as China, India, and Pakistan participate jointly in joint ventures in order to guarantee a sufficient supply of fertilizer, particularly organic fertilizers, to meet the demands of their domestic markets. This is done in order to guarantee an adequate supply of fertilizer. In the process of growing their investments, investment organizations may discover that certain places in Sub-Saharan Africa are not appealing for the production of fertilizer due to the presence of issues such as inadequate physical land infrastructure, inadequate supporting infrastructure, political instability, or the effects of uncertain environmental legislation. On the other hand, the requirements for fertilizer in these areas are not satisfied by investments but rather by fertilizer imports, which are extremely dependent on the world market, also influenced by the availability of foreign exchange, and independent of the elements that are associated with international trade. 5.3. Utilization of Superior Seeds (denoted by indicator Y1.3) In general, attempts are made to narrow or lessen the yield gap through the introduction of varieties, with the goal of enhancing rice production with specialized organic fertilizers. Some of the literature states that this is done in order to increase food production, particularly rice production. Rice output has increased as a result of this food security investment, which is partially attributable to the utilization of superior seeds and particular organic fertilizers that have been programmed. In order to increase food production, it is possible to take advantage of the advantages that come with the utilization of better seeds. These advantages include the reduction of the quantity of seeds used to prevent excessive replanting and the achievement of high germination rates. Additionally, the application of fertilizer has the potential to be more optimal. 5.4 Certain types of organic fertilizers (identified by indicator Y1.4) According to the findings of the research that was published on the Yomari website, the organic fertilizer Yomari Golden provides a number of advantages for the cultivation of crops. Included in these advantages are: The process of direct absorption by plants, which exists independently of photosynthesis. Plant-based fertilizer is the second option. When administered in accordance with the directions, there is the potential to improve harvest yields by forty to sixty percent in comparison to regular harvests. Induces fruiting in plants that are already in the off-season. A reduction in expenses of up to 90 percent when compared to traditional or chemical fertilizers, and a reduction of forty percent when compared to other organic substances. It is vital for the growth of plants since it contains thirteen essential nutrients and fourctive components, which are the result of ten years of research. Improves the conditions of soil that is acidic. Increases the plant's resistance to a wide range of wind and rain conditions. Accelerates the harvesting process or synchronizes that process with the harvesting of offspring. Suitable for use in fish ponds or shrimp farms, hence elevating the level of comfort and strength experienced by fish or shrimp. It is possible to use it in conjunction with insecticides, herbicides, and chemical fertilizers with only a small amount of dilution, so saving time while maintaining its original level of effectiveness. Serves as a "antibiotic" for sick plants, elevating their resistance to infections and enhancing their overall health. It does not have a date of expiration and its quality improves over time. Methyl purine, which can help plants become more resistant to stress, potassium 2,4-dinitrophenol, which can help plants grow to their full potential, potassium 5-nitrogualilakol, which can stimulate the growth of flowers and fruits, and potassium paranitrophenol, which can prevent the growth of branches on stems and shoot tips are all components of the product. In addition to that, it can be found to include organic carbon, organic nitrogen, and a variety of other nutrients. It is possible for the product to greatly increase production by forty to sixty percent in a single growing season if it is in this composition. One of its advantages over comparable products or other organic fertilizers is that it is formulated using nanotechnology, which eliminates the requirement for photosynthesis and reduces the customary incubation period of one to five days. In addition to this, it is packaged in a compact sachet, which eliminates the need for cumbersome bags or containers while it is being used in the field. The Yomari Golden organic fertilizer has the potential to revolutionize crop production in Indonesia if it were to be implemented in the country's agricultural sector. It would provide considerable yield improvements, cost reductions, and several environmental benefits. 5.5 The Supporting for the Warehouse Receipt System (designated as indicator Y1.5) When it comes to the provision of Warehouse Receipts, the expected revenue from the warehouse is derived from the contribution of warehouse utilization by other warehouse users. This is based on the case study of the Warehouse Receipt System (WRS) in Karawang, which is located in West Java. When it comes to the warehouse system (Karawang), it is well known that it is capable of accommodating up to 750 kilograms of agricultural goods for every square meter of warehouse space. On the basis of the enhanced production in 2021, it is anticipated that the production of rice would increase by forty percent, going from 638,983 tons to 894,576 tons. This will necessitate the storage of an area that is equal to 255,593.2 tons divided by 0.750 tons, which is equal to 34.1 hectares. Meanwhile, in order to accommodate the increased production of corn, which has increased from 122.02 tons to 170.83 tons, a warehouse space of 6.5 square meters is required. The similar rise in warehouse receipts for plantation products, from 19,070.47 tons to 26,698.66 tons, necessitates a space requirement of 1.02 hectares for the warehouse. In addition, the warehouse receipts for pond fishery products, which grow from 42,075.01 tons to 58,905.014 tons, necessitate a space of 2.5 hectares for the warehouse, in addition to further investments in cool storage. Warehouse receipts require a total land area of 36.61 hectares, which is equivalent to 3.66 million square meters. Agricultural products must be protected in such a way that they remain undamaged and intact even when they are not in season. This, in addition to the fact that they require big warehouses, is a requirement. During the harvest season, when prices often decline, farmers should not be at a loss to sell their products at those levels; instead, they should be able to store them in the warehouse until prices recover to normal. This is because the architecture of the warehouse should protect the prices of agricultural products during the harvest season. F. Food Resilience (denoted by variable Y2) 6.1. Economic Model Based on Capital (denoted by indicator Y2.1) According to Morse (Morse & MacNamara, 2020 ), investment programs in fertilizers are connected to the working capital that is present within them. In order to provide an explanation of the elements that influence production, Adam Smith coined the term "capital" in the 18th century. His investigation started with the production flow, with a particular emphasis on the distribution of costs across all of the input elements that were required for the manufacturing process. Additionally, he investigated the manner in which the expenditures that were incurred were converted into actual physical inputs prior to production. Capital, which is the focal point of the production process in traditional economic models, is comprised of tangible physical forms such as land or natural resources (minerals, agricultural goods, and the like), labor, costs that are necessary, and capital that is created by humans, such as machines. With the concept that capital is a physical thing that is placed into the production process in order to generate output, this classical economic model continues to place an emphasis on the classical vision of capital. The conventional economic model, on the other hand, is obviously lacking in its entirety due to the fact that it is heavily dependent on the manner in which these physical inputs are utilized in production in order to generate output. This is accomplished by investing more knowledge, which may be offered in order to generate output with less capital. 6.2. Demplot serves as a research method to evaluate various agricultural practices and their impacts, denoted by indicator Y2.2. Plantation areas, paddy and maize farming lands, and aquaculture pond areas make up the agricultural potential of the Pinrang District, which encompasses a total land area of 17,143.23 hectares. By the year 2020, the total amount of fishery production had reached 42,075.01. A total of 56,097.80 hectares are devoted to the cultivation of paddy fields, while 10,815 hectares have maize fields. In the year 2020, the total amount of paddy produced was 638,983 tons, while the amount of maize produced was 122.02 tons. Furthermore, the plantation occupies a total area of 41,177.65 hectares, which results in a production of 19,070.47 tons. This production includes crops such as Aren Palm and Coconut Trees. It is possible to achieve a forty percent boost in yield by utilizing particular treatments, provided that irrigation support is readily available. One of these treatments comprises applying nanotechnology organic fertilizer to a paddy field that is 25 acres in size to fertilize it three times at the rates that have been determined. The harvest resulted in the production of 11.5 bags, each of which had a different weight: the first four sacks weighed 120 kilograms apiece, the subsequent four sacks weighed 117 kilograms each, and the remaining three sacks weighed 115 kilograms each after that. Despite the fact that the harvest weight per sack increased in comparison to the previous yield, the total number of bags declined from 12 to 11.5 as a result of the decreased frequency of treatments, which went from five to three applications. 6.3. Treatment in Organic Fertilizer Application (denoted by indicator Y2.3) In the second treatment, land that had not been used for rice cultivation in the past was fertilized (Morse & MacNamara, 2020 ). This area was subsequently transformed into rice fields and the fertilizer was applied five times until it was completely applied (Wells & Johnson, 2020 ). In spite of the fact that the land area was substantially less, less than twenty acres, this second treatment produced significantly superior outcomes when compared to the harvest that came before it. From the previous harvesting season, only three bags were collected from the land; however, the number of sacks harvested from the land has now increased to eight sacks. (Morse & MacNamara, 2020 ) When compared to the previous harvest, the amount of organic fertilizer that was produced with the help of Japanese nanotechnology increased by a factor of 250 percent. 6.4. Testing the Research Hypothesis (designated by indicator Y2.4) It is mentioned that in scientific research, the most important activity is verifying whether the hypothesis that was formed aligns with the assumptions that were made. This is stated in Quirk, Palmer, and Schuyler's (2020) explanation of the scientific process, which is used to test the experiment. The assertion that if the therapy is effective, then the application of organic fertilizer is in accordance with the statement that came before it is presented as a test of the hypothesis. Investing in organic fertilizer will lead to a forty percent rise in production, from 638,983 tons to 894,576 tons, according to the hypothesis that the researchers are testing in this case study. The revenues of farmers are estimated to reach Rp4.272 trillion over the course of three harvest periods, assuming a price of Rp5000 per kilogram which is computed in tons (Yomari International, 2021 ). 6.5 Adopting the Rice Drying and Milling Factory Model (denoted by indicator Y2.5) Comparisons may be made between the Rice Drying and Milling Factory and a rice milling plant located in the Bondowoso Regency. The adoption of the factory involves a number of different issues. It requires the construction of a milling building that is 600 square meters in size, the construction of paddy drying floors, the construction of a drying or paddy drying building that is 300 square meters in size, the acquisition of production equipment, and the payment of the maintenance and operational costs that are incurred by the Processing Unit. These costs include expenses such as the purchase of paddy, direct labor, building taxes, fuel, and other expenses that are measured over the course of one year. The earnings that are acquired from the processing costs at the Organic Rice Processing Unit, which comprises the processing of rice polishing, husks, and bran, are responsible for the revenue that is obtained from milling those grains. In the event that such a milling and drying plant were to be implemented. 6.6. The Supporting for Container Ports (designated by indicator Y2.6) Preparing Container Port as a comparison for the operational of Pare-pare Port, the analysis of Cash Flow Ratio and Overall Cash Flow Ratio is conducted by measuring the magnitude of cash receipts and disbursements and assessing how much CFO (Cash Flow from Operations) generated internally can meet the needs required by investment and financing activities. Investment activities consist of capital expenditures and other net proceeds. Receipts are obtained from container loading and unloading activities carried out for shipments domestically and internationally. 6.7. Continuation of Research and Development (notated as indicator Y2.7) Within the context of a smart city that incorporates warehousing, industrial processes, processing, and transportation, the research and development efforts are geared on the design and allocation of product distribution. Between thirty and forty percent of the company's activities are committed to research costs. To make Pinrang not just the greatest rice granary hub in Indonesia but also a new face of Indonesia as an agricultural city, which is characterized by all national and international agricultural research being undertaken in Pinrang, more research is being focused toward the field of superior seed research. This is accomplished by conducting research in the field of superior seed research. For the purpose of ensuring that the products that are generated are of a high quality, it is anticipated that the outcomes will bring additional value to agricultural seeds, agricultural systems, and logistical systems. In the form of rice grains that have been left over from past harvest seasons, the informal sector provides the community with more than sixty percent of the rice seeds that are used by the community. These rice grains are used multiple times. Moreover, when it comes to cultivating rice fields, farmers only utilize synthetic fertilizers, which are not organic, and they do not use any organic fertilizers at all. It is considered that the usage of fertilizer doses is significantly lower than the amounts that are advised. 6.8. Transforming the location into a Specialized Agricultural Center (denoted by indicator Y2.8) Pinrang's agricultural development as a specialized agricultural center in Indonesia is the focus of this analysis of education and training. At the same time, Pinrang serves as a hub for agricultural education, research on food agriculture, and the design of an integrated national food supply management system within a digitally-based logistic algorithm supply chain management system. The goal of this analysis is to determine whether or not Pinrang is ready to develop its agricultural sector. Research Method The research method employed is Smart Partial Least Square (Smart-PLS) with an algorithm utilizing statistical analysis. According to Latan, Hair, Jr., and Noonan (Latan, Hair, Jr., & Noonan, 2023 ), the construction of SmartPLS utilizes summated scores; that is, all outer weights are set to one. SmartPLS allows users to configure individual outer weights for each indicator. For instance, by applying an indicator with an outer weight as one indicator to a specific weight, while other indicators in the same measurement model obtain outer weights with the same treatment as well. Moreover, the estimation options used are: (1) Weighting scheme, which can be set to model or path, (2) Initial weights, default or individual choices, (3) Algorithm values can be selected such as using casewise or pairwise deletion or imputation, replacing with means, (4) Vector weighting, with one indicator as the weight vector can be further selected. This research method aims to explore the variables (Jain, 2019 ) that determine the achievement of food resilience through the green economy proposed, through the preparation of the research model, structural measurement, and bootstrapping to test whether the hypothesis is appropriate or not, which is further simulated for a new novelty. Further research results are conducted to measure the feasibility of implementing green economy that will increase agricultural well-being by 40 percent. Measurements are conducted with variables that influence starting from the provision of Dry Milled Rice (GKG) followed by the construction of rice processing plants with supporting machinery, green distribution, and finally the construction of export ports in the area integrated into one industrial zone. The concept of this green economy as a solution can be applied with great potential to be achieved with the hypothesis of this research depicted in the diagram below: This diagram represents the hypothesis of the relationship between the green economy and food resilience, showcasing the interconnection between various components of the green economy model and their impact on food resilience. Discussion The measurement results regarding the influence of green economy on food resilience concerning changes in land sustainability, soil fertility, and over 40 percent increase in farmer welfare show a positive value with a P Value < 0.05. These measurement results are illustrated in the following Table 1: Tabel 1 The P Value of the impact of green economy on food resilience Mean, STDEV, T-Values, P-Values Original Sample (O) Sample Mean (M) Standard Deviation (STDEV) T Statistics (|O/STDEV|) P Values X1 -> X3 0.510 0.523 0.183 2.787 0.006 X2 -> Y1 0.852 0.857 0.051 16.784 0.000 X3 -> X2 0.819 0.822 0.060 13.755 0.000 X4 -> X3 0.445 0.436 0.186 2.398 0.017 Y1 -> Y2 0.933 0.936 0.035 26.902 0.000 In the measurements, several simulations were conducted to discover the positive novelty of each variable's relationship. The design of food resilience is achieved through green economy by optimizing land fertility, which is prepared beforehand. This optimization or utilization of land fertility is achieved by first enhancing farmer prosperity. The prosperity in question includes the implementation of food security policies favoring farmers, the use of organic fertilizers in agriculture, resulting in a 40 percent income increase. Achieving this income increase, besides organic fertilizers, is also supported by the management of water, energy, and food, focusing on environmental sustainability. To ensure confidence, testing is conducted to measure the development of research indicators on each variable, indicated by positive values. These measurements, indicators, and research variables demonstrate the confidence in the relationship between food resilience, green economy, land fertility, increased prosperity, and a 40 percent income for farmers, ensuring agricultural land sustainability. Furthermore, the construction of reliability and validity of this research is also measured. The reliability and validity construction show positive values. The reliability and validity of the research can be further seen in Table 2 below: Table 2 Measurement of Research Reliability and Validity Cronbach's Alpha rho_A Composite Reliability Average Variance Extracted (AVE) X1 0.889 0.895 0.916 0.646 X2 0.881 0.882 0.926 0.808 X3 0.896 0.907 0.927 0.762 X4 0.912 0.913 0.945 0.851 Y1 0.927 0.927 0.945 0.774 Y2 0.917 0.920 0.933 0.636 Based on the research findings, food resilience with a green economy through the restoration of land fertility and increasing farmer welfare by preserving the environment and increasing income by 40 percent can be achieved through a food security design as depicted in the diagram below: Based on Diagram 2 above, food resilience is achieved by first preparing all the necessary policies to attain green agriculture, followed by the restoration of land fertility with a focus on increasing farmer welfare. This step begins with establishing land sustainability in agriculture through organic fertilizers, accompanied by a 40 percent increase in farmer income (Staley, 2017 ). Conclusion The results of the testing using the SmartPLS algorithm, which measures the relationships between previously formulated variables with 26 indicators, demonstrate that food resilience or the capacity to withstand environmental changes can be further substantiated. This is achieved by attaining green economics, which enhances farmer welfare on one side and ensures land sustainability on the other, resulting in increased farmer income from a 40 percent improvement in agricultural yield. Based on the earlier hypotheses, which ultimately align with Diagram 2, the obtained measurement results with a P Value < 0.05 indicate that the stages of achieving food resilience as formulated earlier begin with restoring land fertility to its original state during each planting season using specific organic fertilizers. Once the land fertility structure reaches optimal conditions, its level of fertility will be consistently maintained until the desired sustainability is achieved. Meanwhile, the use of organic fertilizers increases farmers' yields by 40 percent, ultimately leading to farmer welfare. With this achieved welfare, which continues to grow until optimal growth is reached, the ability to maintain sustainable land fertility is provided. These results indicate that green economics, when implemented, ultimately provide sustained food security, which adds value to food resilience at both the farmer and national levels. Recommendation To support production and ensure the attainment of production targets in line with agricultural yield growth and land sustainability, infrastructure support is required to add value. This includes agricultural seeds, farming systems, logistics systems, warehouse management, milling and drying operation management, and transportation ports to ensure that agricultural products remain of high quality when distributed to consumers. Furthermore, educational institutions are needed to ensure that their graduates can make Pinrang's agricultural program the largest agricultural production hub in Indonesia. Therefore, the above-mentioned increase in productivity or significant investments made will only be optimally achieved by expanding the Pinrang region further. With increased community awareness, agricultural development through Pinrang's food resilience program, via food resilience dialogues, is expected to enhance agricultural production by 40% in the future. Declarations Funding Declaration This study did not receive any funding from any source. Clinical Trial Number in the manuscript: Clinical trial number: not applicable In the manuscript: Clinical trial number: not applicable. Ethics, Consent to Participate, and Consent to Publish Declarations: Not Applicable This manuscript does not involve human participants, animals, or any other entities that would require ethical approval or consent to participate. Furthermore, there are no data or personal information that require consent for publication. Thus, the Ethics, Consent to Participate, and Consent to Publish declarations are not applicable to this manuscript. Data Availability Statement The datasets that support the findings of this study are not publicly available due to confidentiality agreements and legal restrictions. As a result, the data cannot be shared publicly. However, upon reasonable request, the corresponding author can provide a summary of the data or discuss the findings in more detail, subject to applicable confidentiality constraints. Author Contribution Author ContributionsA.W.S. conducted the data collection, performed the statistical analysis using the SmartPLS algorithm, and interpreted the empirical results. E.H. developed the research concept, designed the theoretical framework, and wrote the main manuscript text. Both authors, E.H. and A.W.S., collaborated in refining the discussion, reviewed the entire manuscript, and approved the final version for submission. References Arafah. (2011). Kajian Pemanfaatan Pupuk Organik Pada Tanaman Padi Sawah Di Pinrang Sulawesi Selatan. Jurnal Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian, 11. Balkrishna A, Sharma G, Sharma N, Kumar P, Mittal R, Parveen R. Global Perspective of Agriculture Systems: From Ancient Times to the Modern Era. In: Balkrishna A, editor. Sustainable Agriculture For Food Security. Lakeshore Road, Burlington: Apple Academic Press, Inc; 2022. p. 5. Bappelitbanda Kab Pinrang. Informasi Pembangunan Kabupaten Pinrang Tahun 2021. Pinrang: Badan Perencanaan, Pembangunan, Penelitian dan Pengembangan Daerah Kab Pinrang; 2021. Bumb B, Baanante C. The Role of Fertilizer in Sustaining Food Security and the Protection the Environment to 2020. Washintong D.C.: International Food Policy Research Institute; 2020. Dinas Ketahanan Pangan Pinrang. Laporan Akuntabilitas Kinerja Instansi Pemerintah. Pinrang: Dinas Ketahanan Pangan Pinrang; 2018. Erokhin V, Gao T. Handbook of Research on Globalized Agricultural Trade and New Challenges for Food Security. Hershey PA, USA: IGI Global; 2020. Fu J, Ng AW. Green Finance Reform and Innovation for Sustainable Development of the Greater Bay Area: Towards an Ecosystem for Sustainability. In: Fu J, Ng A, editors. Sustainable Energy and Green Finance for a Low-carbon Economy. Cham, Switzerland: Springer Nature Switzerland AG; 2020. p. 3. Gama I, Oktaviani R, Rifin A. (2016). Analisis Kepuasan Petani Terhadap Penggunaan Pupuk Organik Pada Tanaman Padi. Jurnal Agro Ekonomi, 105. Green J. The Political Economy of the Special Relationship. United States of America: Princeton University Press; 2020. Hossain K, Nilsson LM, Marti T. Conceptualising food (in) security in the High North. In: Hossain K, Nilsson LM, Marti T, editors. Food Security in the High North. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge; 2021. p. 3. Jain S. Research Methodology In Arts, Science And Humanities. Oakville Canada: Society Publishing; 2019. Latan H, Hair J Jr., Noonan R. Partial Least Square Path Modeling, Basic Concept, Methodoligical Issues and Applications. Charm, Switzerland: Springer Nature Switzerland AG; 2023. Morse S, MacNamara N. (2020). Social Networks and Food Security in the Urban Fringe. Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland. PPL Disperta Bojonegoro. (2018, December 27). Pupuk Organik Mendongkrak Hasil Panen . Retrieved from Bojonegoro.com: https://blokbojonegoro.com/2018/12/27/pupuk-organik-mendongkrak-hasil-panen/ Purwanto A. Grasping the water, energy, and food security nexus in the local context Case study: Karawang Regency, Indonesia. Delft, the Netherlands: CRC Press/Balkema; 2021. Quirk T, Palmer J, Schuyler. Excel 2019 for Human Resource Management Statistics. Cham, Switzerland: Springer Nature Switzerland AG; 2020. Raksun A. (2016). Aplikasi Pupuk Organik Untuk Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan Bibit Jambu Mete. Jurnal Biologi Tropis, 1. Staley KW. Decisions, Decisions Inductive Risk and the Higgs Boson. In: Ellitott K, Richards T, editors. Exploring Inductive Risk. Madison Avenue, New York: Oxford University Press; 2017. p. 39. Tziperman E. Global Warming Science. Woodstock, Oxfordshire: Princeton University Press; 2022. Wells RG, Johnson KT. Health, Safety, and Environmental Aspects of Fluid Fertilizers. In: HIGNETT TP, PALGRAVE DA, editors. Fertilizer Science And Technology Series. Madison Avenue, New York: MARCEL DEKKER, INC; 2020. p. 563. Yomari International. Build Your Healthy & Wealthy Life. Jakarta: www.yomariinternational.com; 2021. Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-6437985","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":477531085,"identity":"731c9a58-57d3-4bcb-aa8e-1469b1d90951","order_by":0,"name":"Eric Hermawan","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAAxElEQVRIiWNgGAWjYFACxgaGDwwMPGAGA4hxgAgtjDMYDEjSwsDAzMNggMQlpIVf+nDjZ5s/f2T4px1uYPhRwyDDR0iLZF9is3RumwGPxO3EBsaeYww8koS0GJxhbGPObQD6BaiFgbeBgceAkBZ7kBaLPwY88iBb/hKjxYAHqIWBzYDHAKiFmShbJM4wNkv2thnzGAK1HJY5JkHYL/w97A8//PgjZy93O/3hwzc1NvYEQwwFABVLkKJ+FIyCUTAKRgEuAABICzrk+IVqUAAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"","institution":"Institut Bisnis dan Informatikan Kosgoro 1957","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Eric","middleName":"","lastName":"Hermawan","suffix":""},{"id":477531086,"identity":"fbc52f56-9553-4e37-82a3-5261e29140cb","order_by":1,"name":"Abdul Wahab Samad","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Institut Bisnis dan Informatikan Kosgoro 1957","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Abdul","middleName":"Wahab","lastName":"Samad","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-04-13 08:08:12","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6437985/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6437985/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":85784219,"identity":"7c4604ee-acbb-4ff1-b617-55881b5468f1","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-07-01 15:53:04","extension":"jpg","order_by":1,"title":"Figure 1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":37662,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHypothesis of the Relationship between Green Economy and Food Resilience\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRemarks:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e· X1 = Land Sustainability\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e· X2 = Land Fertility\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e· X3 = Increase in Farmer Welfare\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e· X4 = Increase in Agricultural Yield Above 40 Percent\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e· Y1 = Achievement of Green Economy\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e· Y2 = Food Resilience\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"1.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6437985/v1/b2396ac83d582cc87f32a978.jpg"},{"id":85784220,"identity":"fa606724-bbc6-4230-acc0-e3bb5170d7cf","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-07-01 15:53:04","extension":"jpg","order_by":2,"title":"Figure 2","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":431522,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDesain Ekonomi Hijau Resiliansi Pangan\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"3.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6437985/v1/83b382c5747c552aad7aff58.jpg"},{"id":88548773,"identity":"09c94d79-3a46-4249-9965-d645a0f5c3d0","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-08-07 15:08:38","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":2233467,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6437985/v1/93755f46-76a4-4947-a780-d4187c6a06e6.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"\u003cp\u003eThe Relationship of Green Economy on Food Resilience, Sustainability of Land Fertility, and the Improvement Offarmers' Welfare Exceeds 40 Percent\u003c/p\u003e","fulltext":[{"header":"Introduction","content":"\u003cp\u003eClimate change and its environmental impacts are critical issues that require effective strategies. In the context of the green economy, there is a primary focus on implementing sustainability, renewable energy, and eco-friendly technologies. These approaches aim to reduce ecological damage while promoting long-term societal well-being. Similarly, the concept of the blue economy stresses the sustainable utilization of marine resources, including fisheries, aquaculture, and marine energy.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCloud formation plays a crucial role in regulating the Earth's energy balance, as it both reflects sunlight, causing a cooling effect, and traps heat, which leads to a warming effect. Tziperman points out the significance of this process, known as moist convection, which involves the vertical movement of humid air, leading to cloud formation. This phenomenon affects rainfall patterns, temperature, and overall climate dynamics. The uncertainties in cloud behavior add complexity to climate modeling, making it essential to understand these processes for accurate climate projections.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEfforts to combat climate change must be global in scope, aiming to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, protect ecosystems, and build resilience. Mitigation strategies include shifting to more environmentally friendly energy sources, preserving forests, and adopting sustainable practices across various sectors.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOrganic fertilizers have been found to provide significant benefits in food production. These include more efficient nutrient absorption by plants, leading to improved harvests. They have also been shown to stimulate off-season fruiting, reduce fertilizer costs, and improve soil conditions, particularly in acidic soils. Furthermore, organic fertilizers can enhance plant resistance to extreme weather, encourage simultaneous harvesting, and even improve the well-being of aquaculture species when used in ponds. The long-term effectiveness and sustainability of these fertilizers highlight their value in agricultural production systems.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe region of Pinrang holds considerable potential for investment in both agriculture and fisheries, with a total of 17,143.23 Ha available for these purposes. In 2021, fisheries production in Pinrang reached over 42,000 tons, while agricultural land for rice and corn cultivation covers over 56,000 Ha and 10,000 Ha, respectively. The region\u0026rsquo;s rice production alone reached 638,983 tons in 2020, while the potential for increased production through the use of organic fertilizers suggests a 40% rise in productivity. This improvement could bring significant returns, with projected investment values and profits making it an attractive area for agricultural and fisheries investments. The development of adequate infrastructure, such as warehousing and logistics systems, is crucial for supporting this growth and ensuring that increased production reaches consumers efficiently.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eA. Land Sustainability (denoted by variable X1)\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"Sec3\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e1.1. Target of Green Economy Policies (denoted by indicator X1.1)\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eAll governments are obligated to fulfill their role of ensuring the safety of their food supply. According to Erokhin and Gao (Erokhin \u0026amp; Gao, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e), governments, both at the central and local levels, are faced with a variety of policy choices that need to be tailored to meet the needs of the community in order to ensure food security. These choices include expanding investment programs in agriculture, promoting the use of environmentally friendly technologies to address the needs of climate change, restoring agricultural land that has been damaged by the use of chemicals, ensuring increased post-harvest storage and supply chain mechanisms, and even engaging in the promotion of agricultural products specifically. Every government, at every level, faces a unique set of challenges for its middle class as they transition from traditional foods to more nutritious foods such as meat, fish, and dairy products. This transition necessitates support to expand access to higher-resource provisions from the country, which may include meeting the requirements of domestic agriculture or acquiring them through larger-scale import mechanisms.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e1.2. Efforts to Achieve Green Economy (denoted by indicator X1.2)\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAccording to the report published by the Pinrang Food Security Office (Dinas Ketahanan Pangan Pinrang \u003cspan citationid=\"CR5\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2018\u003c/span\u003e), the food security program is carried out by means of activities that are associated with the green and blue economies. This is obvious from the data that is listed in the food security performance report. This can be achieved through policies: (a) increasing production in green economy activities through diversification of food resources, institutional strengthening at every level of green economy activity implementation, followed by strengthening local wisdom culture in Pinrang society, (b) optimizing green economy activities with economic efficiency focusing on the competitive advantage of Pinrang's agricultural region as the national rice barn, (c) improving food distribution arrangements based on competitive market mechanisms and fairness for all green economy players, (d) optimizing the implementation of food security programs as part of efforts to increase economic growth, providing higher income for farmers, ensuring availability and distribution of agricultural products, and support\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e1.3. Adoption of Green Economy Models (denoted by indicator X1.3)\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBy comparing development programs in countries around the world in addressing the impacts of climate change and the environment, according to Fu and Ng (Fu \u0026amp; Ng, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR7\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e), based on development in areas with natural resources that have advantages to support industries and with different geographical characteristics, Hong Kong has advantages in the Greater Bay area. Starting with the development plan of Hong Kong as a green financial center, then Guangzhou as an innovation and reform zone for green finance, and Macau as a complementary digital platform city for green finance. Specifically, Hong Kong's framework establishes a green financial administration area launched to support bond issuance for companies based in Hong Kong through a green financial certification scheme to enhance transparency and accreditation of products and market confidence. The Hong Kong Monetary Authority has strengthened this green finance initiative by representing the Government in forming the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) green financial area in offering green bonds to finance public capital-based projects aimed at enhancing environmental sustainability and addressing climate change. What if this were adopted for Indonesia's green economy?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e1.4. Adoption of Policies into Food Security Programs (denoted by indicator X1.4)\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBy applying organic fertilizer in agriculture in Pinrang Regency, based on the potential and available land area for investment in Pinrang through agricultural fisheries reaching 17,143.23 ha, with fishery production reaching 42,075.01 tons in 2020. The land area for rice cultivation is 56,097.80 ha and for corn is 10,815 ha. Rice production in 2020 reached 638,983 tons while corn reached 122.02 tons in the same year. Meanwhile, the plantation area covers 41,177.65 ha with productivity reaching 19,070.47 tons from Coconut to Aren. What if the aforementioned organic fertilizer is adopted for agriculture in Indonesia, especially in Pinrang?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e1.5. Food Security Design (denoted by indicator X1.5)\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe food security investment program in Pinrang, as a concept for increasing investment aimed at enhancing agricultural production and preserving land fertility as proposed by Bumb \u0026amp; Baanante (Bumb \u0026amp; Baanante, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR4\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e), is well-received by the Pinrang District Government as an effort to develop agricultural industrial zones as a development design (Fu \u0026amp; Ng, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR7\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e) to improve the welfare of farmers and the Pinrang community (Green, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR9\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e). In realizing this, policy support provided by the local government is ready to take necessary measures related to water, energy, and food management (Purwanto, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR15\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec8\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e1.6. Infrastructure Support (denoted by indicator X1.6)\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eIncreasing the efficiency with which fertilizer is used in agricultural production in Pinrang is anticipated to result in a forty percent rise. As a consequence of this, the strategy of utilizing organic fertilizer must be followed by the establishment of integrated warehouse infrastructure within a region that has a complex logistics system present in the Pinrang area. The proximity of this logistical system to the port is a need for its operation here. In the absence of sufficient logistical assistance, the increasing output growth will not have a substantial influence on the community. In contrast, research that aims to provide added value, such as agricultural seeds, agricultural systems, and logistics systems, is required in order to support production and ensure the achievement of production targets according to agricultural projections in Pinrang Regency. This is necessary in order to guarantee the quality of the products that are produced. It is also the responsibility of educational institutions to ensure that their graduates are capable of making the Pinrang agricultural program the most successful agricultural production program in Indonesia. Consequently, the aforementioned rise in production, or the large-scale investments that have been made, will only be optimally realized by expanding the Pinrang region in a more broad manner.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eB. Land Fertility (denoted by variable X2)\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"Sec10\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.1. Formation of Climate Change Models (denoted by indicator X2.1)\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe sustainability of climate change and the environment are impacted by the optimization of green economy operations. Tziperman (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR19\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2022\u003c/span\u003e) posits that cloud formation models, which are a means of facilitating climate change, exert an influence on climate and the environment via processes related to moist convection in the atmosphere. An uncertain formation model is one such model that warrants consideration. The effects of the Arctic and global warming can be amplified by this atmospheric climate and environmental change model, which can be simulated as a single model. This can result in the occurrence of natural disasters like hurricanes, forest fires, extreme droughts, hot air pressure, extreme rainfall, and many more.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec11\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.2. Failure in Climate Management (denoted by indicator X2.2)\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eAccording to Green (Green, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR9\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e), the collapse of Bretton Woods, a small town in New Hampshire, illustrates a common prevalence of crises that undermine financial systems with wide-ranging impacts and contradictorily overturn established logic. This is especially true in environmentally conscious development with green economy activities. This either signals the return of classical economic concepts, formerly referred to as the original Keynesian theory, or has a substantial impact on the United States' global financial dominance. These developments shed light on the ways in which the Anglo-American area associated with Britain's credit dominance\u0026mdash;which was first applied to Bretton Woods and then only continued for their transactions\u0026mdash;had a broad impact on transatlantic transaction use, particularly with regard to changes taking place in the City of London. Keynesian economic theory principles state that these transactions had a dynamic influence on financial credit while simultaneously eroding the domestic foundations of the Bretton Woods financial agreements for both the United States and Britain. The legal framework that Britain used to establish and expand the Bretton Woods financial agreements was not intended to reinforce the economic theories of John Maynard Keynes. The aim was to sustain the dominance of the pound sterling as a global currency and London's involvement in shaping the development of international financial infrastructure (at least in relation to the infrastructure of the international gold market) through negotiations with allies to influence US finance. This was done to guarantee that financial developments uphold the British capitalist system and remain the cornerstone of the post-war financial era. Keynesian economic theory, sometimes referred to as the theory of all economic spending and its impact on inflation and economic growth or decline (Green, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR9\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e, p. 81). In order to spur demand and lift the world economy out of stagnation, this idea proposes cutting taxes and raising expenditure by the government. When used, the loan offered by Bretton Woods during the British reforms actually put further strain on the London economy. What if Indonesia's green economy implemented this?\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec12\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.3. Pressure on Green Economy (denoted by indicator X2.3)\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eClimate change, environmental conditions, land utilization, and the management of natural resources are all areas that are being put under strain as a result of the overall implications of climate change. conventional food supply networks are impacted by this demand, which encompasses a wide range of farmer production techniques and conventional food security approaches. The combined effects of technical improvements and globalization bring further strain to traditional food security, particularly in agriculture in Nordic states located in the Arctic Circle, in order to handle climate and environmental changes in places that are circumpolar. Concurrently, the stockpiles of food supply are declining, which is leading to an increased dependency on food imports, which will continue to expand throughout regions, particularly in the states of Europe. Many settlements located within the Arctic Circle are negatively impacted as a result of this circumstance since it has negative implications for the availability of food that is both safe and healthy.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec13\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eC. Increased Farmer Welfare (denoted by variable X3)\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec14\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e3.1. Role of Food Security (denoted by indicator X3.1)\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn the event of a financial collapse, communities' food security is compromised. The fulfillment of food supply promises is disrupted by climate change crises. According to Hossain, Nilsson, and Marti (Hossain, Nilsson, \u0026amp; Marti, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR10\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e), in recent years, food security has become a key concern that affects the conditions of the Arctic region in the northern polar area, which is fundamentally uncertain and experiences circumpolar conditions. This is because the Arctic region is located in the circumpolar region. In order to investigate the reasons behind the unpredictability of food security challenges in this region, research has been carried out. This research has necessitated an exhaustive investigation into the factors that influence food production capacity and food security systems throughout the region. The natural and the geopolitical, socioeconomic, and cultural forces all have a big impact on these aspects, which also have a substantial influence. Both in each region, contributing to environmental transformation, geophysical aspects (natural resource exploration, groundwater, and physical mapping), and economics, as well as in the political and socio-cultural aspects of human life, global climate change and its resulting impacts occur disproportionately. This is the case in both natural and man-made environments. In the same vein, the transformation of politics, economics, social, and cultural aspects not only incorporates the natural ecology of the region but also provides prospects for the expansion of economic globalization.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec15\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e3.2. Role of Organic Fertilizers (denoted by indicator X3.2)\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eIt is vital to use organic fertilizers in order to restore the natural environmental functions in order to provide food that is both safe and nutritious while also offering support from climate change and environmental change. According to research, one of the organic fertilizer products produced from nanotechnology in Japan (Yomari International, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e), the production of food with this organic fertilizer yields benefits such as the following: (1) ready-to-absorb food for plants produced directly absorbed by plants without the need for photosynthesis [Yomari International, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e] (2) The plant fertilizer that is provided is organic and is derived from components derived from plants. (3) The use of this organic fertilizer encourages plants to produce fruit outside of their normal growing season. (4) The cost of fertilizing plants can be reduced by up to 90 percent when compared to the use of chemical, compound, or traditional fertilizers, and by forty percent over the use of other particular organic fertilizers. (5) This organic fertilizer is comprised of thirteen vital nutrients and four active components, as determined by research conducted over a period of ten years. The conclusions of this research indicate that these active ingredients are extremely useful for plants. (6) The organic fertilizer has the ability to improve the acidity of the soil and bring it back to appropriate levels. The ability of plants to adapt to shifting weather conditions is a seventh benefit. (8) Accelerates higher growth rates, which results in faster harvests or simultaneous targeted harvesting, including an increase in the number of rice shoots (9) Appropriate for use in fish ponds or shrimp ponds, which are designed to make fish or shrimp more comfortable, resilient, and stress-free, all of which contribute to an increase in their productivity. (10) It is possible to use it in conjunction with insecticides, pesticides, and chemical fertilizers at the same time; however, when it is used, it should only be used in modest amounts. This makes it more efficient in terms of working time while guaranteeing that it will be effective one hundred percent of the time. (11) This organic fertilizer has no expiration date (the longer it is stored, the greater its quality), and it acts as a \"antibiotic\" for sick plants (fungus, leaf curl), while also avoiding other pests, with the exception of mice and other similar organisms, finally boosting plant immunity. (12) If it is not used, this organic fertilizer has no expiration date. This fertilizer has the potential to produce harvests that are forty to sixty percent higher than average if everything is done correctly and the fertilizer is applied correctly.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003e3.3. Organic fertilizers contribute to community welfare, denoted by indicator X3.3.\u003c/b\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAccording to the findings of Raksun's study (Raksun, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2016\u003c/span\u003e), the use of organic and non-organic fertilizers led to an increase in agricultural production of between 3 and 20 percent for non-organic fertilizers and between 20 and 23 percent for organic fertilizers. According to Yomari International (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e), additional research conducted in Japan focused on organic fertilizers that were manufactured using nanotechnology revealed an improvement in production yields of between forty and sixty percent. When the prospects and agricultural output in Pinrang Regency are taken into consideration (Bappelitbanda Kab Pinrang, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR3\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e), the usage of nano-technology fertilizers gives a possibility for increasing agricultural productivity, with the potential for a maximum profit of Rp4.911 trillion. The findings of the investigation indicate that there was a forty percent increase in the amount of rice produced, which went from 638,983 tons to 894,576 tons.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec16\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e3.4. Opportunity for a 40% Increase in Green Agricultural Economy (denoted by indicator X3.4)\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe application of nano-fertilizers is intended to enhance agricultural productivity with a maximum profit value of Rp4.911 trillion, taking into account the prospects and agricultural production in Pinrang Regency (Bappelitbanda Kab Pinrang, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR3\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e). In addition, a 40% rise in rice production is predicted, from 638,983 tons to 894,576 tons, based on production growth analysis. Arafah's research (Arafah, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2011\u003c/span\u003e) on the usage of organic fertilizers in Pinrang revealed a profit difference of Rp1,582,480/ha, or a 23.19% increase, between treatments using organic fertilizers. With an increase of Rp580,600/ha, or 7.42%, this gain was ascribed to the application of two types of organic fertilizers, namely manure and straw. Comparable studies by Raksun (Raksun, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2016\u003c/span\u003e; Tziperman, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR19\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2022\u003c/span\u003e) showed that applying biogreen granule organic fertilizer enhanced the soil's biological, chemical, and physical characteristics, which in turn enhanced crop growth and output. Production rose by 23% or 2.8 tons/ha when biogreen granules at a certain dosage were used during fertilization. According to a different study by Gama, Oktaviani, and Ririn (Gama, Oktaviani, \u0026amp; Rifin, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR8\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2016\u003c/span\u003e), rice harvests were boosted by 10\u0026ndash;40% while using Beka-Pomi organic fertilizer. Additionally, the application of nanotechnology-enhanced organic fertilizer, as demonstrated by plot demonstrations in conjunction with chemical fertilizers in accordance with treatment conditions in Bojonegoro (PPL Disperta Bojonegoro, 2018), led to an 18\u0026ndash;36% increase in rice productivity, or 1\u0026ndash;2.5 tons/ha.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec17\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eD. The increase in agricultural yield exceeding 40 percent (represented by variable X4)\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec18\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e4.1. Organic Fertilizers on Health Issues (represented by indicator X4.1)\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eAs stated by (Wells \u0026amp; Johnson, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR20\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e), the exploitation of organic fertilizers and plant-based materials in the process of increasing agricultural output can be broken down into a number of specific activities that are critically important. First and foremost, these organic fertilizers address the health, safety, and environmental concerns that are brought about by their utilization and the source of components that are derived from leaves and flowers. Thirdly, precautions are made to ensure that the utilization of organic fertilizers and plant-based materials does not result in any potentially harmful changes to the climate and environment. As a second step, efforts are performed to prevent and minimize any problems that may occur during storage and post-production handling activities.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003e4.2\u003c/b\u003e. \u003cb\u003eOrganic fertilizers ensure environmental sustainability, as indicated by indicator X4.2.\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe use of organic fertilizers in accordance with proper usage procedures, along with the complementary use of other fertilizers, can help alleviate the pressure of plant population and environmental degradation on land in a number of different ways, according to Bumb and Baanante (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR4\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e). This is done in order to maintain productivity on the one hand and soil fertility on the other. First and foremost, organic fertilizers offer vital plant nutrients that help to restore the fertility of the soil, which in turn increases crop yields and the amount of food that is produced. Secondly, an increase in the fertility of the soil for plants results in an increase in the amount of biomass that can be plowed back into the soil. This helps to maintain the supply of organic matter for plants and to meet the fertility requirements of vegetables. Additionally, residues from the use of organic fertilizer by plants contribute to a reduction in soil erosion. In conclusion, the third point is that the strategic application of organic fertilizers and other complementary materials can generate requirements that are mutually beneficial for both the land and the plants. This can be accomplished while simultaneously increasing crop production through the application of organic fertilizers in regions that have a high potential for fertility (regions that have better soil fertility and favorable agroecological conditions). The increased food production that is generated can also reduce the pressure that is placed on the conversion of rich habitat-bearing forests into agricultural land, which will ultimately result in a reduction in the amount of forest that is cleared. Fourthly, the application of chemical phosphate fertilizers and other heavy materials for a single application, followed by periodic annual land maintenance with the application of organic fertilizer, has the potential to enhance and sustain soil productivity in highly acidic soils. If periodic maintenance applications are applied, these soils can still offer significant potential, particularly in developing countries, to increase food production. In conclusion, the utilization of organic fertilizers in conjunction with other supplements has the potential to make a substantial contribution to the fulfillment of sustainable food requirements throughout generations. This is accomplished by preserving the natural resource capital in the soil, assuring the efficient management of climate change, and supporting environmental conservation.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec19\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e4.3. The sustainability of environmental management concerning water, energy, and food (denoted by indicator X4.3)\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe interconnection of variables within the Water, Energy, and Food (WEF) management system is demonstrated by the research conducted by Purwanto (Purwanto, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR15\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e) in the context of agricultural policy. This research makes use of an integrated nexus method to manage water, energy, and food availability. Analysis that makes use of the nexus approach, which integrates cross-sectoral management and governance priorities for agricultural development, reveals that the relationship between food security within the context of the World Economic Forum (WEF) at the local level and the implications of local interventions through planned policies in WEF sector management, along with the utilization of conceptual and quantitative frameworks and dynamic system modeling, as well as the participation of stakeholders and collaborative policy-making processes, contributes to the enhancement of food security, climate change, and environmental sustainability. As a case study intended to illustrate all of the issues associated with food security and related factors at the local level in WEF-integrated food security policies, this research was carried out in Karawang Regency, which is located in Indonesia.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec20\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eE. Achievement of the Green Economy (denoted by variable Y1)\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec21\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e5.1. Green Economic Management (denoted by variable Y1.1)\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe sustainability of food production and natural resources on land, as mentioned by Balkrishna et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR2\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2022\u003c/span\u003e), has become an essential factor in determining the level of wealth that a nation enjoys in this age of globalization. According to the findings of statistical analysis, agricultural products are responsible for about two-thirds of the total value of trade that occurs around the world. In point of fact, every single item of food that is placed in front of us, even when it is fresh, comes from somewhere else and is obtained through a supply chain management system that is extremely effective. Processing food has evolved as a new dimension that is affecting the way that we eat food, and it is all from the agriculture sector that this transformation has occurred. Food and animal products that have been processed are brought into the processing sector, where they go through a number of different steps of processing before being packaged and eventually being sold to customers. In this day and age of globalization, it is well acknowledged that dairy and meat products account for around fifty percent of the total processed food supply that is consumed worldwide. As Balkrishna et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR2\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2022\u003c/span\u003e) point out, the sustainability of food production and natural resources on land has become a key component in determining the degree of prosperity that a nation enjoys in this age of globalization. This is because globalization has made it more difficult for food production to be sustainable. In accordance with the conclusions of statistical analysis, agricultural items are accountable for approximately two-thirds of the total worth of trade that takes place all over the world. Every single item of food that is placed in front of us, even when it is fresh, originates from somewhere else and is obtained through a supply chain management system that is incredibly efficient. This is the case even when the food is fresh. The processing of food has developed into a new dimension that is influencing the manner in which we consume food, and this revolution has been brought about entirely by the agricultural sector. Before being packed and finally sold to customers, food and animal products that have been processed are brought into the processing sector, where they go through a variety of various processing procedures. finally, they are sold to customers. In this day and age of globalization, it is common information that goods derived from dairy and beef make up around fifty percent of the total supply of processed food that is consumed all over the world.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003e5.2. The attractiveness of investing in organic fertilizers is deemed unappealing, as indicated by indicator Y1.2\u003c/b\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAccording to Bumb and Baanante (Bumb \u0026amp; Baanante, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR4\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e), companies that produce organic fertilizers not just in rich nations but also in developing countries have reserve funds that are always available for investment in fertilizer companies. This is in relation to fertilizer programs for agriculture. The disparities in the prices of fertilizers, including organic fertilizers, as well as the production costs of each type of fertilizer have resulted in increasing profits over the past several years, which has eventually hampered investment. Companies from nations such as China, India, and Pakistan participate jointly in joint ventures in order to guarantee a sufficient supply of fertilizer, particularly organic fertilizers, to meet the demands of their domestic markets. This is done in order to guarantee an adequate supply of fertilizer. In the process of growing their investments, investment organizations may discover that certain places in Sub-Saharan Africa are not appealing for the production of fertilizer due to the presence of issues such as inadequate physical land infrastructure, inadequate supporting infrastructure, political instability, or the effects of uncertain environmental legislation. On the other hand, the requirements for fertilizer in these areas are not satisfied by investments but rather by fertilizer imports, which are extremely dependent on the world market, also influenced by the availability of foreign exchange, and independent of the elements that are associated with international trade.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec22\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e5.3. Utilization of Superior Seeds (denoted by indicator Y1.3)\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn general, attempts are made to narrow or lessen the yield gap through the introduction of varieties, with the goal of enhancing rice production with specialized organic fertilizers. Some of the literature states that this is done in order to increase food production, particularly rice production. Rice output has increased as a result of this food security investment, which is partially attributable to the utilization of superior seeds and particular organic fertilizers that have been programmed. In order to increase food production, it is possible to take advantage of the advantages that come with the utilization of better seeds. These advantages include the reduction of the quantity of seeds used to prevent excessive replanting and the achievement of high germination rates. Additionally, the application of fertilizer has the potential to be more optimal.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec23\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e5.4 Certain types of organic fertilizers (identified by indicator Y1.4)\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eAccording to the findings of the research that was published on the Yomari website, the organic fertilizer Yomari Golden provides a number of advantages for the cultivation of crops. Included in these advantages are:\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003col\u003e \u003cspan\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe process of direct absorption by plants, which exists independently of photosynthesis.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003ePlant-based fertilizer is the second option.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhen administered in accordance with the directions, there is the potential to improve harvest yields by forty to sixty percent in comparison to regular harvests.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003eInduces fruiting in plants that are already in the off-season.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003eA reduction in expenses of up to 90 percent when compared to traditional or chemical fertilizers, and a reduction of forty percent when compared to other organic substances.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003eIt is vital for the growth of plants since it contains thirteen essential nutrients and fourctive components, which are the result of ten years of research.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003eImproves the conditions of soil that is acidic.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003eIncreases the plant's resistance to a wide range of wind and rain conditions.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003eAccelerates the harvesting process or synchronizes that process with the harvesting of offspring.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003eSuitable for use in fish ponds or shrimp farms, hence elevating the level of comfort and strength experienced by fish or shrimp.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003eIt is possible to use it in conjunction with insecticides, herbicides, and chemical fertilizers with only a small amount of dilution, so saving time while maintaining its original level of effectiveness.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003eServes as a \"antibiotic\" for sick plants, elevating their resistance to infections and enhancing their overall health.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003eIt does not have a date of expiration and its quality improves over time.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003c/span\u003e \u003c/ol\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMethyl purine, which can help plants become more resistant to stress, potassium 2,4-dinitrophenol, which can help plants grow to their full potential, potassium 5-nitrogualilakol, which can stimulate the growth of flowers and fruits, and potassium paranitrophenol, which can prevent the growth of branches on stems and shoot tips are all components of the product. In addition to that, it can be found to include organic carbon, organic nitrogen, and a variety of other nutrients.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIt is possible for the product to greatly increase production by forty to sixty percent in a single growing season if it is in this composition. One of its advantages over comparable products or other organic fertilizers is that it is formulated using nanotechnology, which eliminates the requirement for photosynthesis and reduces the customary incubation period of one to five days. In addition to this, it is packaged in a compact sachet, which eliminates the need for cumbersome bags or containers while it is being used in the field.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Yomari Golden organic fertilizer has the potential to revolutionize crop production in Indonesia if it were to be implemented in the country's agricultural sector. It would provide considerable yield improvements, cost reductions, and several environmental benefits.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec24\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e5.5 The Supporting for the Warehouse Receipt System (designated as indicator Y1.5)\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhen it comes to the provision of Warehouse Receipts, the expected revenue from the warehouse is derived from the contribution of warehouse utilization by other warehouse users. This is based on the case study of the Warehouse Receipt System (WRS) in Karawang, which is located in West Java. When it comes to the warehouse system (Karawang), it is well known that it is capable of accommodating up to 750 kilograms of agricultural goods for every square meter of warehouse space. On the basis of the enhanced production in 2021, it is anticipated that the production of rice would increase by forty percent, going from 638,983 tons to 894,576 tons. This will necessitate the storage of an area that is equal to 255,593.2 tons divided by 0.750 tons, which is equal to 34.1 hectares. Meanwhile, in order to accommodate the increased production of corn, which has increased from 122.02 tons to 170.83 tons, a warehouse space of 6.5 square meters is required. The similar rise in warehouse receipts for plantation products, from 19,070.47 tons to 26,698.66 tons, necessitates a space requirement of 1.02 hectares for the warehouse.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn addition, the warehouse receipts for pond fishery products, which grow from 42,075.01 tons to 58,905.014 tons, necessitate a space of 2.5 hectares for the warehouse, in addition to further investments in cool storage. Warehouse receipts require a total land area of 36.61 hectares, which is equivalent to 3.66\u0026nbsp;million square meters. Agricultural products must be protected in such a way that they remain undamaged and intact even when they are not in season. This, in addition to the fact that they require big warehouses, is a requirement. During the harvest season, when prices often decline, farmers should not be at a loss to sell their products at those levels; instead, they should be able to store them in the warehouse until prices recover to normal. This is because the architecture of the warehouse should protect the prices of agricultural products during the harvest season.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec25\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eF. Food Resilience (denoted by variable Y2)\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec26\" class=\"Section4\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e6.1. Economic Model Based on Capital (denoted by indicator Y2.1)\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eAccording to Morse (Morse \u0026amp; MacNamara, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR13\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e), investment programs in fertilizers are connected to the working capital that is present within them. In order to provide an explanation of the elements that influence production, Adam Smith coined the term \"capital\" in the 18th century. His investigation started with the production flow, with a particular emphasis on the distribution of costs across all of the input elements that were required for the manufacturing process. Additionally, he investigated the manner in which the expenditures that were incurred were converted into actual physical inputs prior to production. Capital, which is the focal point of the production process in traditional economic models, is comprised of tangible physical forms such as land or natural resources (minerals, agricultural goods, and the like), labor, costs that are necessary, and capital that is created by humans, such as machines. With the concept that capital is a physical thing that is placed into the production process in order to generate output, this classical economic model continues to place an emphasis on the classical vision of capital. The conventional economic model, on the other hand, is obviously lacking in its entirety due to the fact that it is heavily dependent on the manner in which these physical inputs are utilized in production in order to generate output. This is accomplished by investing more knowledge, which may be offered in order to generate output with less capital.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003e6.2. Demplot serves as a research method to evaluate various agricultural practices and their impacts, denoted by indicator Y2.2.\u003c/b\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePlantation areas, paddy and maize farming lands, and aquaculture pond areas make up the agricultural potential of the Pinrang District, which encompasses a total land area of 17,143.23 hectares. By the year 2020, the total amount of fishery production had reached 42,075.01. A total of 56,097.80 hectares are devoted to the cultivation of paddy fields, while 10,815 hectares have maize fields. In the year 2020, the total amount of paddy produced was 638,983 tons, while the amount of maize produced was 122.02 tons. Furthermore, the plantation occupies a total area of 41,177.65 hectares, which results in a production of 19,070.47 tons. This production includes crops such as Aren Palm and Coconut Trees. It is possible to achieve a forty percent boost in yield by utilizing particular treatments, provided that irrigation support is readily available. One of these treatments comprises applying nanotechnology organic fertilizer to a paddy field that is 25 acres in size to fertilize it three times at the rates that have been determined. The harvest resulted in the production of 11.5 bags, each of which had a different weight: the first four sacks weighed 120 kilograms apiece, the subsequent four sacks weighed 117 kilograms each, and the remaining three sacks weighed 115 kilograms each after that. Despite the fact that the harvest weight per sack increased in comparison to the previous yield, the total number of bags declined from 12 to 11.5 as a result of the decreased frequency of treatments, which went from five to three applications.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec27\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e6.3. Treatment in Organic Fertilizer Application (denoted by indicator Y2.3)\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn the second treatment, land that had not been used for rice cultivation in the past was fertilized (Morse \u0026amp; MacNamara, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR13\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e). This area was subsequently transformed into rice fields and the fertilizer was applied five times until it was completely applied (Wells \u0026amp; Johnson, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR20\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e). In spite of the fact that the land area was substantially less, less than twenty acres, this second treatment produced significantly superior outcomes when compared to the harvest that came before it. From the previous harvesting season, only three bags were collected from the land; however, the number of sacks harvested from the land has now increased to eight sacks. (Morse \u0026amp; MacNamara, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR13\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e) When compared to the previous harvest, the amount of organic fertilizer that was produced with the help of Japanese nanotechnology increased by a factor of 250 percent.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec28\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e6.4. Testing the Research Hypothesis (designated by indicator Y2.4)\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eIt is mentioned that in scientific research, the most important activity is verifying whether the hypothesis that was formed aligns with the assumptions that were made. This is stated in Quirk, Palmer, and Schuyler's (2020) explanation of the scientific process, which is used to test the experiment. The assertion that if the therapy is effective, then the application of organic fertilizer is in accordance with the statement that came before it is presented as a test of the hypothesis. Investing in organic fertilizer will lead to a forty percent rise in production, from 638,983 tons to 894,576 tons, according to the hypothesis that the researchers are testing in this case study. The revenues of farmers are estimated to reach Rp4.272 trillion over the course of three harvest periods, assuming a price of Rp5000 per kilogram which is computed in tons (Yomari International, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec29\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e6.5 Adopting the Rice Drying and Milling Factory Model (denoted by indicator Y2.5)\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eComparisons may be made between the Rice Drying and Milling Factory and a rice milling plant located in the Bondowoso Regency. The adoption of the factory involves a number of different issues. It requires the construction of a milling building that is 600 square meters in size, the construction of paddy drying floors, the construction of a drying or paddy drying building that is 300 square meters in size, the acquisition of production equipment, and the payment of the maintenance and operational costs that are incurred by the Processing Unit. These costs include expenses such as the purchase of paddy, direct labor, building taxes, fuel, and other expenses that are measured over the course of one year. The earnings that are acquired from the processing costs at the Organic Rice Processing Unit, which comprises the processing of rice polishing, husks, and bran, are responsible for the revenue that is obtained from milling those grains. In the event that such a milling and drying plant were to be implemented.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e6.6. The Supporting for Container Ports (designated by indicator Y2.6)\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePreparing Container Port as a comparison for the operational of Pare-pare Port, the analysis of Cash Flow Ratio and Overall Cash Flow Ratio is conducted by measuring the magnitude of cash receipts and disbursements and assessing how much CFO (Cash Flow from Operations) generated internally can meet the needs required by investment and financing activities. Investment activities consist of capital expenditures and other net proceeds. Receipts are obtained from container loading and unloading activities carried out for shipments domestically and internationally.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec31\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e6.7. Continuation of Research and Development (notated as indicator Y2.7)\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eWithin the context of a smart city that incorporates warehousing, industrial processes, processing, and transportation, the research and development efforts are geared on the design and allocation of product distribution. Between thirty and forty percent of the company's activities are committed to research costs. To make Pinrang not just the greatest rice granary hub in Indonesia but also a new face of Indonesia as an agricultural city, which is characterized by all national and international agricultural research being undertaken in Pinrang, more research is being focused toward the field of superior seed research. This is accomplished by conducting research in the field of superior seed research. For the purpose of ensuring that the products that are generated are of a high quality, it is anticipated that the outcomes will bring additional value to agricultural seeds, agricultural systems, and logistical systems. In the form of rice grains that have been left over from past harvest seasons, the informal sector provides the community with more than sixty percent of the rice seeds that are used by the community. These rice grains are used multiple times. Moreover, when it comes to cultivating rice fields, farmers only utilize synthetic fertilizers, which are not organic, and they do not use any organic fertilizers at all. It is considered that the usage of fertilizer doses is significantly lower than the amounts that are advised.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec32\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e6.8. Transforming the location into a Specialized Agricultural Center (denoted by indicator Y2.8)\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003ePinrang's agricultural development as a specialized agricultural center in Indonesia is the focus of this analysis of education and training. At the same time, Pinrang serves as a hub for agricultural education, research on food agriculture, and the design of an integrated national food supply management system within a digitally-based logistic algorithm supply chain management system. The goal of this analysis is to determine whether or not Pinrang is ready to develop its agricultural sector.\u003c/p\u003e "},{"header":"Research Method","content":"\u003cdiv id=\"Sec33\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe research method employed is Smart Partial Least Square (Smart-PLS) with an algorithm utilizing statistical analysis. According to Latan, Hair, Jr., and Noonan (Latan, Hair, Jr., \u0026amp; Noonan, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR12\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2023\u003c/span\u003e), the construction of SmartPLS utilizes summated scores; that is, all outer weights are set to one. SmartPLS allows users to configure individual outer weights for each indicator. For instance, by applying an indicator with an outer weight as one indicator to a specific weight, while other indicators in the same measurement model obtain outer weights with the same treatment as well. Moreover, the estimation options used are: (1) Weighting scheme, which can be set to model or path, (2) Initial weights, default or individual choices, (3) Algorithm values can be selected such as using casewise or pairwise deletion or imputation, replacing with means, (4) Vector weighting, with one indicator as the weight vector can be further selected.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis research method aims to explore the variables (Jain, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR11\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2019\u003c/span\u003e) that determine the achievement of food resilience through the green economy proposed, through the preparation of the research model, structural measurement, and bootstrapping to test whether the hypothesis is appropriate or not, which is further simulated for a new novelty. Further research results are conducted to measure the feasibility of implementing green economy that will increase agricultural well-being by 40 percent. Measurements are conducted with variables that influence starting from the provision of Dry Milled Rice (GKG) followed by the construction of rice processing plants with supporting machinery, green distribution, and finally the construction of export ports in the area integrated into one industrial zone. The concept of this green economy as a solution can be applied with great potential to be achieved with the hypothesis of this research depicted in the diagram below:\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis diagram represents the hypothesis of the relationship between the green economy and food resilience, showcasing the interconnection between various components of the green economy model and their impact on food resilience.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"Discussion","content":"\u003cp\u003eThe measurement results regarding the influence of green economy on food resilience concerning changes in land sustainability, soil fertility, and over 40 percent increase in farmer welfare show a positive value with a P Value\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.05. These measurement results are illustrated in the following Table\u0026nbsp;1:\u003c/p\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec37\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eTabel 1\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec38\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe P Value of the impact of green economy on food resilience\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"No\" id=\"Taba\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"6\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMean, STDEV, T-Values, P-Values\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eOriginal Sample (O)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSample Mean (M)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eStandard Deviation (STDEV)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eT Statistics (|O/STDEV|)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eP Values\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eX1 -\u0026gt; X3\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.510\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.523\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.183\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.787\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.006\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eX2 -\u0026gt; Y1\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.852\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.857\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.051\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.784\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.000\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eX3 -\u0026gt; X2\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.819\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.822\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.060\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.755\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.000\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eX4 -\u0026gt; X3\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.445\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.436\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.186\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.398\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.017\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eY1 -\u0026gt; Y2\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.933\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.936\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.035\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.902\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.000\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn the measurements, several simulations were conducted to discover the positive novelty of each variable's relationship. The design of food resilience is achieved through green economy by optimizing land fertility, which is prepared beforehand. This optimization or utilization of land fertility is achieved by first enhancing farmer prosperity. The prosperity in question includes the implementation of food security policies favoring farmers, the use of organic fertilizers in agriculture, resulting in a 40 percent income increase. Achieving this income increase, besides organic fertilizers, is also supported by the management of water, energy, and food, focusing on environmental sustainability.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTo ensure confidence, testing is conducted to measure the development of research indicators on each variable, indicated by positive values. These measurements, indicators, and research variables demonstrate the confidence in the relationship between food resilience, green economy, land fertility, increased prosperity, and a 40 percent income for farmers, ensuring agricultural land sustainability.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurthermore, the construction of reliability and validity of this research is also measured. The reliability and validity construction show positive values. The reliability and validity of the research can be further seen in Table\u0026nbsp;2 below:\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab1\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 2\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMeasurement of Research Reliability and Validity\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"5\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCronbach's Alpha\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003erho_A\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eComposite Reliability\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAverage Variance Extracted (AVE)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eX1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.889\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.895\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.916\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.646\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eX2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.881\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.882\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.926\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.808\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eX3\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.896\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.907\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.927\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.762\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eX4\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.912\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.913\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.945\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.851\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eY1\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.927\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.927\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.945\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.774\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eY2\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.917\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.920\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.933\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.636\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBased on the research findings, food resilience with a green economy through the restoration of land fertility and increasing farmer welfare by preserving the environment and increasing income by 40 percent can be achieved through a food security design as depicted in the diagram below:\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cp\u003eBased on Diagram 2 above, food resilience is achieved by first preparing all the necessary policies to attain green agriculture, followed by the restoration of land fertility with a focus on increasing farmer welfare. This step begins with establishing land sustainability in agriculture through organic fertilizers, accompanied by a 40 percent increase in farmer income (Staley, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR18\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"Conclusion","content":"\u003cp\u003eThe results of the testing using the SmartPLS algorithm, which measures the relationships between previously formulated variables with 26 indicators, demonstrate that food resilience or the capacity to withstand environmental changes can be further substantiated. This is achieved by attaining green economics, which enhances farmer welfare on one side and ensures land sustainability on the other, resulting in increased farmer income from a 40 percent improvement in agricultural yield.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBased on the earlier hypotheses, which ultimately align with Diagram 2, the obtained measurement results with a P Value\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.05 indicate that the stages of achieving food resilience as formulated earlier begin with restoring land fertility to its original state during each planting season using specific organic fertilizers. Once the land fertility structure reaches optimal conditions, its level of fertility will be consistently maintained until the desired sustainability is achieved. Meanwhile, the use of organic fertilizers increases farmers' yields by 40 percent, ultimately leading to farmer welfare. With this achieved welfare, which continues to grow until optimal growth is reached, the ability to maintain sustainable land fertility is provided. These results indicate that green economics, when implemented, ultimately provide sustained food security, which adds value to food resilience at both the farmer and national levels.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eRecommendation\u003c/b\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTo support production and ensure the attainment of production targets in line with agricultural yield growth and land sustainability, infrastructure support is required to add value. This includes agricultural seeds, farming systems, logistics systems, warehouse management, milling and drying operation management, and transportation ports to ensure that agricultural products remain of high quality when distributed to consumers.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurthermore, educational institutions are needed to ensure that their graduates can make Pinrang's agricultural program the largest agricultural production hub in Indonesia. Therefore, the above-mentioned increase in productivity or significant investments made will only be optimally achieved by expanding the Pinrang region further. With increased community awareness, agricultural development through Pinrang's food resilience program, via food resilience dialogues, is expected to enhance agricultural production by 40% in the future.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding Declaration\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis study did not receive any funding from any source.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eClinical Trial Number in the manuscript:\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eClinical trial number: not applicable\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIn the manuscript:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eClinical trial number: not applicable.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEthics, Consent to Participate, and Consent to Publish Declarations:\u003c/strong\u003e Not Applicable\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis manuscript does not involve human participants, animals, or any other entities that would require ethical approval or consent to participate. Furthermore, there are no data or personal information that require consent for publication.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThus, the Ethics, Consent to Participate, and Consent to Publish declarations are not applicable to this manuscript.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData Availability Statement\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe datasets that support the findings of this study are not publicly available due to confidentiality agreements and legal restrictions. As a result, the data cannot be shared publicly. However, upon reasonable request, the corresponding author can provide a summary of the data or discuss the findings in more detail, subject to applicable confidentiality constraints.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eAuthor Contribution\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eAuthor ContributionsA.W.S. conducted the data collection, performed the statistical analysis using the SmartPLS algorithm, and interpreted the empirical results. E.H. developed the research concept, designed the theoretical framework, and wrote the main manuscript text. Both authors, E.H. and A.W.S., collaborated in refining the discussion, reviewed the entire manuscript, and approved the final version for submission.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eArafah. (2011). Kajian Pemanfaatan Pupuk Organik Pada Tanaman Padi Sawah Di Pinrang Sulawesi Selatan. Jurnal Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian, 11.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eBalkrishna A, Sharma G, Sharma N, Kumar P, Mittal R, Parveen R. Global Perspective of Agriculture Systems: From Ancient Times to the Modern Era. In: Balkrishna A, editor. Sustainable Agriculture For Food Security. Lakeshore Road, Burlington: Apple Academic Press, Inc; 2022. p. 5.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eBappelitbanda Kab Pinrang. Informasi Pembangunan Kabupaten Pinrang Tahun 2021. Pinrang: Badan Perencanaan, Pembangunan, Penelitian dan Pengembangan Daerah Kab Pinrang; 2021.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eBumb B, Baanante C. The Role of Fertilizer in Sustaining Food Security and the Protection the Environment to 2020. Washintong D.C.: International Food Policy Research Institute; 2020.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eDinas Ketahanan Pangan Pinrang. Laporan Akuntabilitas Kinerja Instansi Pemerintah. Pinrang: Dinas Ketahanan Pangan Pinrang; 2018.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eErokhin V, Gao T. Handbook of Research on Globalized Agricultural Trade and New Challenges for Food Security. Hershey PA, USA: IGI Global; 2020.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eFu J, Ng AW. Green Finance Reform and Innovation for Sustainable Development of the Greater Bay Area: Towards an Ecosystem for Sustainability. In: Fu J, Ng A, editors. Sustainable Energy and Green Finance for a Low-carbon Economy. Cham, Switzerland: Springer Nature Switzerland AG; 2020. p. 3.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGama I, Oktaviani R, Rifin A. (2016). Analisis Kepuasan Petani Terhadap Penggunaan Pupuk Organik Pada Tanaman Padi. Jurnal Agro Ekonomi, 105.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGreen J. The Political Economy of the Special Relationship. United States of America: Princeton University Press; 2020.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eHossain K, Nilsson LM, Marti T. Conceptualising food (in) security in the High North. In: Hossain K, Nilsson LM, Marti T, editors. Food Security in the High North. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge; 2021. p. 3.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eJain S. Research Methodology In Arts, Science And Humanities. Oakville Canada: Society Publishing; 2019.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eLatan H, Hair J Jr., Noonan R. Partial Least Square Path Modeling, Basic Concept, Methodoligical Issues and Applications. Charm, Switzerland: Springer Nature Switzerland AG; 2023.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eMorse S, MacNamara N. (2020). \u003cem\u003eSocial Networks and Food Security in the Urban Fringe.\u003c/em\u003e Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003ePPL Disperta Bojonegoro. (2018, December 27). \u003cem\u003ePupuk Organik Mendongkrak Hasil Panen\u003c/em\u003e. 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Jurnal Biologi Tropis, 1.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eStaley KW. Decisions, Decisions Inductive Risk and the Higgs Boson. In: Ellitott K, Richards T, editors. Exploring Inductive Risk. Madison Avenue, New York: Oxford University Press; 2017. p. 39.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eTziperman E. Global Warming Science. Woodstock, Oxfordshire: Princeton University Press; 2022.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eWells RG, Johnson KT. Health, Safety, and Environmental Aspects of Fluid Fertilizers. In: HIGNETT TP, PALGRAVE DA, editors. Fertilizer Science And Technology Series. Madison Avenue, New York: MARCEL DEKKER, INC; 2020. p. 563.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eYomari International. Build Your Healthy \u0026amp; Wealthy Life. Jakarta: www.yomariinternational.com; 2021.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/ol\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"sustainability, fertility, farmers' welfare, green economy, food resilience","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6437985/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6437985/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eThis research underscores the urgency of food resilience, providing green economic sustainability while simultaneously enhancing farmers' welfare and restoring land fertility to ensure its sustainability. Land use for food crop cultivation is subject to the condition that it can only be utilized if it can restore its fertility to its original state. This is achieved through land management with specific organic fertilizers. The aim of this study is to realize food resilience by first achieving green economy. The research method employed in this study is quantitative research using the Smart Partial Least Square (SmartPLS) algorithm. Smart PLS algorithm is a statistical software aimed at testing relationships between variables not solely based on various assumptions. It is hoped that this research will provide a roadmap for achieving food resilience through green economy, realized through stages of land fertility, welfare sustainability, and agricultural yield increase above 40 percent. The implications of this research include enhancing the quality of human resources in the agricultural sector while fulfilling their role as stewards of the earth.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"The Relationship of Green Economy on Food Resilience, Sustainability of Land Fertility, and the Improvement Offarmers' Welfare Exceeds 40 Percent","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-07-01 15:52:59","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6437985/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"c7546695-de93-4548-be99-beba528e9609","owner":[],"postedDate":"July 1st, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-08-07T15:08:17+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-07-01 15:52:59","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-6437985","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-6437985","identity":"rs-6437985","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}