A brief intervention to promote HPV vaccine initiation among young women attending federally supported clinics: a randomized controlled pilot study

Abstract Approximately 90% of HPV-associated cancers are preventable with HPV vaccination, yet uptake is suboptimal, particularly among minority and low-income young women. A theory-based intervention (Step Up to Prevention) was developed to enhance knowledge and promote favorable attitudes about HPV vaccination among young women aged 18-26 attending federally supported clinics. This mixed-method study evaluated the acceptability, feasibility, and preliminary efficacy of the intervention. We presented the brief intervention to participants before their scheduled clinic visit and measured the impact on HPV vaccine uptake. We offered the information and tailored components of the intervention together and separately and compared them to usual care. Women (n=60) were randomized into four groups (computerized information, 1-to-1 tailored, combined, and usual care). They responded to pre/post-surveys before and immediately after the intervention and after their clinic visit. Significant differences in initial HPV vaccine uptake were observed among all intervention groups as compared to usual care (computerized information (p=0.006), 1-to-1 tailored (p=0.007), combined (p=0.043)). The qualitative findings suggest the various components of the intervention were all acceptable highlighting aspects that were empowering and informative. Results suggest this intervention has potential efficacy to provide additional support to providers and patients by promoting favorable views and improving health literacy among young women about HPV vaccination. Clinical Trial Registration: NCT02046265