Integrating BIM Dimensions and Collaborative Tools for Interior Design Projects

Integrating BIM Dimensions and Collaborative Tools for Interior Design Projects | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Integrating BIM Dimensions and Collaborative Tools for Interior Design Projects Aishwarya Mounesh Sonar, Dr Bhagyashree This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7116216/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Lack of integration in construction planning for projects typically leads to conflicts among various design elements, particularly structural design, precast design, and interior design. Such conflicts can lead to delays, increased costs, and inefficiencies. This research will discuss the incidence and underlying reasons for conflict in interior projects, with particular emphasis on the point of intersection between structural, precast, and interior designs. Interior projects are a multidisciplinary cross-section of many disciplines that include aesthetics, space planning, functionality requirements, and engineering details. Also, the research will perform a quantity take-off analysis once these conflicts are resolved. The methodology adopted in this research is a comprehensive literature review of Integrated Project Delivery (IPD), Clash Detection, and Conflict Analysis. A Building Information Modeling (BIM) model of an office building on ground structure is developed in Revit, with collaboration and clash detection performed using Revit, Navisworks, and BIM Collaborate. The outcomes will assist in the enhancement of coordination between the various design professions, minimize conflicts, and improve overall efficiency of the project delivery process. BIM Clash Detection Quantity Take-off Revit Primavera P6 Navisworks Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 9 Figure 10 Figure 11 Introduction Building Information System in construction sector is increasing widely as the requirement of BIM system in planning and designing of infrastructures, BIM is composed of various dimension that is 2D, 3D, 4D, 5D, 6D, 7D BIM which deliver duration, timeline, scheduling, cost estimation, operations and maintenance of a building in designing stage. (Jagtap Onkar) Construction project processes are fragmented in nature with a complex life cycle. They are sequence phases of built-in construction that is from the starting phase of a project to its potential demolition that postulate a massive documentation and information. The nature of construction projects impose the interaction and integration of various professionals of various organizations to execute specified tasks within the scope and objectives of the project. (Yahya Yasser AI) With the advancing complexity of the construction techniques and innovations in the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction sector, managing risks has turned into a foremost concern. In the life cycle of a construction project, many risks can influence its cost, time, quality, and safety. Inefficient planning and scheduling, design changes, incorrect budgeting, default by suppliers, unsuitable construction process. (Abosaq & Batool, 2024) BIM is a single process with integrated real-time, intelligent modeling software to effectively function in 3D, 4D (3D+ Time), and 5D (4D + Cost) to increase productivity, save time and cost during the construction and design phase, and minimize the operating cost post-construction. (S & George, 2022)The research emphasizes the application of BIM for clash detection between plumbing and structural layouts, BIM improves project delivery through cost savings in reworks due to clash detection. (Nair et al., n.d.) Building Information Modeling (BIM)is an integrated the process of development and utilizes of a computer generated model to simulate the design, planning, construction schedule, cost information and clash detection such as physical and functional characteristics digitally before it is built. (Swapnesh et al., 2017a) BIM coordination propose these clashes at design coordination meeting for solution discussion. The coordination process can be conducted sequentially or parallelly among multiple disciplines depending on how to build and integrate models to detect clashes. (Hu Yaqing) By facilitating holistic technique in building service system modelling, BIM Technology is capable of integrating all the MEP, Structural and architecture disciplines into a common digital platform for design, analysis and documentation purposes. (Preto Edgar) The use of BIM automatic cash detection has been extensive in construction. BIM can merge multi-disciplinary models and calculate clashes in a federated model from the geometric data of building elements. (Hu Yuqing) It discusses the independent design process of various teams, leading to clashes during integration, the importance of resolving clashes to avoid project issues like rework and increased costs. (Bitaraf et al., 2024)Design coordination and clash detection are key applications of 3D modeling in construction, identifying conflicts in building elements, A federated model helps integrate designs from various fields to identify clashes before construction. (Hasannejad et al., 2022) The conventional approach involving the manual identification of clash points during the drawing review period is time consuming and ineffective due to the complexity and scale involved in pipeline relocation project. Therefore, to improve construction efficiency, it is imperative to develop a systematic solution that can identify clashes and propose effective coordination strategies. (Yin Jun) Multi-disciplinary clashes how to identify the dependency relations between these clashes and how to organize clash correction sequences to control ripple effects and avoid iterative adjustments. (Y. Hu et al., 2020a) Currently, the clash detection process has become increasingly refined, but the clash resolution process is sill time- consuming and arduous. Moreover, clash resolution primarily focused on single objective optimization. However, meeting the projects requirements with a single objective is challenging in practice. (Liu Xinnan) The emergence of specialized software like AutoCAD and Navisworks has transformed digital design in construction, BIM technology enhances productivity from design to demolition stages of a building. (Baltabekov et al., 2021) One of the BIM tools in this area is Autodesk’s Navisworks software, which is currently considered the most powerful clash identification and resolution software. On the other hand, it is also worth mentioning that some of the clashes detected by the Navisworks software are considered independent clashes that do not require any action or a clear solution to resolve them. (Bitaraf & Akbar Shirzadi Javid, 2024) In this project, by using BIM system software such as Revit, and Autodesk Navisworks, architects, structural engineers, MEP engineers and other disciplines discovered design errors and omissions during the drawing review process. Clashes are resolved and costs are reduced and optimized. Scheduling of project is done by performing quality analysis. Generalised guidelines are to be prepared for the type of the building. (Sutar Shriyash Durugkar 2023) errors in paper documentation and exchange of drawings often cause unanticipated field costs and delays during the project delivery (Elyano & Yuliastuti, 2021) Furthermore, cross-disciplinary communication between the various professionals of the construction sector is, however, very problematic and can be seen to be a significant contributing factor in poor performance of project productivity. (Kermanshahi et al., 2020) Due to this cross-functional and multi-sectoral nature, a lot of conflicts arise during the execution of a project. These conflicts hamper the project timeline, which leads to increase in estimated project cost, reduced productivity and at times loss of profit. If these clashes/ conflicts are detected at an early stage, the surprises during construction process can be reduced and in turn the project execution can be carried out smoothly and successfully within the estimated time and cost. (Kale et al., n.d.) Clash detection A clash is when items from two different models share the same location. A clash can be geometric (e.g., pipes going through walls), schedule based (when various parts of work that are meant to be sequential are scheduled to happen simultaneously or in reverse), or changes/updates not applied to drawings. There are 3 primary types of clashes that clash detection looks for: 1. Hard Clash: where two objects cut through one another. The majority of BIM modelling software negate the possibility for this by means of clash detection rules drawn from embedded object information. 2. Soft Clash: efforts to identify clashes that happen when objects intrude into geometric tolerances of other objects (e.g., a building modelled too near a high-tension cable). 3. 4D/Workflow Conflict: conflict resolves scheduling conflicts and irregularities as well as delivery conflicts (Gaurav Bhamre) SCOPE OF THE WORK The scope of work involves developing the interior building design as a 3D BIM model, with construction schedules to create a 4D model and clash detection to identify and quantify clashes between architectural and structural components. The study involves the computation of cost prior to and subsequent to resolving clashes in order to calculate the cost impact of BIM implementation. Coupling the model with time schedules and cost-benefit analysis, the project aims to enhance construction efficiency along with reducing rework and maximizing utilization of resources ultimately resulting in enhanced project planning and execution. OBJECTIVE Developing BIM based 3D model for the interior design of the building Integrating the construction schedule to create a 4D model Perform clash detection, estimate cost and cost comparison after and before clash detection Summary of literature Review BIM is significantly enhancing the efficiency of Management to reduce inaccuracies and to address the various challenges to reduce time and cost of the project. The paper further aims to refine the alternative data acquisition technologies (Jarząbek-Rychard & Maas, 2023)As the traditional methods are human intensive which leads to time and cost overrun as the BIM in automation is focused on challenges like noise, clutter and wall components. This research work highlights decision-making significantly in time and cost savings also supports in maintenance and project lifecycle (Jung et al., 2018)The shift from 2D modeling to more dynamic 3D and 4D has increased the project visualization across fields like urban planning, infrastructure management and safety. 3D modeling to enhanced data analysis for various projects. The BIM has further advanced in incorporating cost, time and environmental functions for further scope (Gupta et al., n.d.)The BIM provides a comprehensive 3D framework for managing building data but there are various significant challenges related to cost escalation and real-time safety monitoring that can only be assessed with the help 4D technology. 4D technology enhances conflict analysis, construction safety, efficiency and quality through dynamic approach. 4D technology demonstrates potential in improving conflict management and construction safety if they are integrated in the correct manner. (Z. Hu & Zhang, 2011)BIM adaptation in Interior design project emphasize in the selection of materials and designing spacious room design a project with improved architectural, engineering and construction visualization. (Zainudin et al., n.d.)Improved scheduling through numerous activity linkages effectively improve time efficiency for cost management and resource smoothing which results in PO tracking of S-curves to prioritize zero-float jobs to prevent delays. (Rao et al., 2022) Implementation helps in enhancing project management efficacy and emphasizes the necessity of monitoring and control in ensuring timely project completion. (Harshavardhan et al., 2023)Effective project management requires proper planning, organization, and resource allocation with robust monitoring system to track performance. Primavera P6 software significantly enhances planning, scheduling, and tracking capabilities by reducing float, smoothing resources and enabling regular updates. During the study the software allows for better cost control, time management and identification of critical activities to avoid delays. Primavera P6 is more efficient than traditional methods and provides project management insights (Varsani et al., 2020)Design integration issues in building construction tend to result in element conflicts. Clash detection early on reduces rework and expense. BIM promotes collaboration through the use of a project model to detect and solve conflicts during design, enhancing efficiency and material handling throughout the construction process. (Elyano & Yuliastuti, 2021)Construction applications of BIM yield positive ROI, particularly in constructability analysis and site planning. Research emphasizes the adoption trends, advantages, and challenges of BIM for electrical and mechanical contractors. The review also emphasizes the requirement for enhanced approaches to evaluate BIM's constructability effect and ROI assessment. (Bockstael et al., 2016) IPD research, clash detection, and conflict analysis underscore the importance of early stakeholder collaboration in minimizing disputes. Research emphasizes the contribution of BIM in facilitating communication and coordination, solving delays in conventional clash resolution. The review advocates for improved BIM-based practices to maximize project performance, cost management, and scheduling. (Kale et al., n.d.) Studies indicate the effectiveness of BIM in construction management, particularly in clash detection. Research highlights its use in enhancing cost savings, time management, and system coordination. Major sources, such as McGraw-Hill Construction reports, highlight the positive effects of BIM on project results and industry uptake. (Swapnesh et al., 2017b) BIM contributes a lot to improving construction efficiency through improved clash detection, cost control, and project coordination. Studies emphasize the use of BIM in reducing design errors and productivity improvement. Major studies focus on the importance of integrating BIM towards efficient processes and enhanced project results. (D Sanket) Conventional forms of communication within construction tend to lead to errors and delays. Studies identify how BIM ensures increased project productivity through better coordination among stakeholders. Research indicates BIM successfully removes design clashes, resulting in higher-quality project outputs and increased efficiency. (Kermanshahi et al., 2020) BIM has transformed the traditional approach to construction by allowing precise digital models that facilitate enhanced coordination and collaboration. Its clash detection process aids conflict resolution, enhancing the efficiency and accuracy of projects. Regardless of challenges such as high cost and resistance, BIM assures greater visualization, cost benefits, and precision, with standard protocols required for successful implementation. (S & George, 2022) BIM is now widely accepted as an economical tool for information management in the AEC sector. It enhances the efficiency of a project by minimizing errors and allowing stakeholders to use updated information. BIM is gaining ground in India, with research highlighting its application in improving construction quality and management. (Khasbage & Kshirsagar, 2022) Developing a tailored information model for existing buildings is important to ensure compliance with facility management strategies and operational requirements. This customized approach allows for flexibility, as the model can be modified to suit evolving building needs and facilitate effective management practices (Sutar Shriyash Durugkar 2023) Creating a bespoke information model for existing buildings is critical to the alignment with facility management strategies and operational requirements. This flexible model provides flexibility, supporting the changing needs of building operation teams for enhanced management and efficiency. (Bitaraf & Akbar Shirzadi Javid, 2024) Clash management has changed from conventional techniques to BIM for enhanced detection and resolution. Although detection accuracy is increased with techniques such as machine learning, clash correction tends to ignore interdependencies. This research suggests a comprehensive approach that uses the dependencies of clashes to improve the sequences of correction, diminishing iterations and enhancing coordination in complicated projects. (Y. Hu et al., 2020b) Methodology The methodology for integrating BIM, Project scheduling, Cost analysis, Revit, Primavera P6, Navisworks, integrated methodology The methodology used for combined Project Scheduling and Cost analysis using Building Information Modeling is step based and has been carried out in Revit, primavera P6 and Navisworks It all starts with a detailed 3D model created in Revit that includes architectural, structural and MEP components. This information can be properties like material, dimensions of the parts, etc., which gives the necessary data for estimating the quantities accurately. In parallel, the project schedule development in Primavera P6, where WBS is created, activities are sequenced, and resources are allocated. The Construction Timeline is optimized for project enhancements. The 3D model along with a project schedule is imported into Navisworks for 4D simulation. Construction activities from Primavera P6 are linked to elements in the BIM model, that has been imported into the new environment. This allows allied project teams to visualize the construction sequence and identify scheduling clashes. It is then proceeded with an initial quantity take off to assess material requirements which leads into a preliminary cost estimate. To increase accuracy, collision detection is performed in Navisworks to ensure different building elements do not interfere with each other. It makes necessary adjustments, and then a new quantity takeoff is performed after conflicts have been resolved. BIM Modelling Process Flow The methodology begins with creating a 3D Building Information Model (BIM) with the help of Revit, which provides detailed visual and geometric information about the project. At the same time, Primavera P6 is employed to develop a detailed project schedule, with a Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) and activity schedules, specifying the order and length of construction activities.Lastly, the Revit 3D model and Primavera P6 schedule are both imported in Navisworks, a project review and coordination tool. With the relationship between the BIM model and construction schedule, the creation of a 4D simulation is made possible, representing the construction process through time. It facilitates easier interpretation of sequencing, conflicts between schedules, and enhanced planning efficiency. After the 4D model is developed, a quantity takeoff is performed with the integrated model. This is performed first before an estimate of quantities is given by clash detection. Navisworks is then utilized to establish clashes (conflicts) between various parts of the model, e.g., pipes or structural members that conflict. After conflicts have been identified and resolved, a second quantity takeoff is performed to account for the adjusted design, with better material estimation.The last action is a cost analysis based on quantity takeoffs taken prior to and following clash resolution. It makes project teams perceive the cost effect of design clashes and the rework incurred in order to fix them. Based on pre- and post-clash data analysis, teams can enhance cost planning and avoid probable budget overruns, and with the use of 4D and 5D BIM, make the process more reliable and efficient. Ultimately, a comparative cost analysis is performed based on both the pre- and post-clash detection data. By doing this, you can better understand the cost implications of clash resolution, improve your budget estimates, and identify possible cost-saving opportunities. This method expands on BI model projecting by combining it with additional scheduling and cost analysis to improve project coordination, minimize material waste and refine budget forecasting. This facilitates an efficient project, early detection of potential risks that may arise during construction, and maintenance of a sustainable lifecycle using Revit, Primavera P6, and Navisworks. Revit Revit is one of the popular building information modeling (BIM) software used in architectural, engineering, and construction projects. It enables the users to create precise 2D and 3D building models and enhance data management. With Revit, you can create stunning 2D and 3D models for analysing and visualization of the projects. Revit provides various tools for designing and modeling building systems including plumbing, HVAC and electrical systems. This software also helps in interior and exterior design aspects of the building and also features rendering and visualization tools. Primavera P6 It is a comprehensive project management software which helps to enable the organization and for the individuals to plan, schedule and cost control for various small and large projects efficiently. Navisworks Navisworks is a powerful BIM visualization and coordination software widely used in construction projects for tasks such as clash detection, 4D simulation, and quantity takeoff. It allows seamless integration with models created in software like Revit. Results The study involved the application of Navisworks and Revit software in the use of Building Information Modeling (BIM) measurements in the project. The first task was performing 3D modeling through Revit, which served as the starting point for subsequent analysis. Clash detection using Navisworks came next to identify conflicts. After the resolution of the clashes, a quantity takeoff was performed to estimate the changes in the project scope after the changes were made. Pre-clash and post-clash quantities were compared, and observations were noted. There were some building systems that had higher quantities of materials needed, while others showed a reduction in material needs after the process of resolving the clashes. The overall project timing was also affected, and the few of the work were postponed to correspond with the changes carried out at the clash resolution. The study highlights the importance of incorporating clash detection as a first step during the project stage in order to make better contribution towards coordination, better utilization of resources, and more efficient construction. The clash detection process was done on Navisworks, wherein on average 42 clashes were detected per floor of the suggested 12-storey building. The original cost estimate of the project, before clashes were resolved, was ₹12,16,97,707.45. After detection of clashes, requisite changes were incorporated in Autodesk Revit, and the new revised model was re-exported to be re-analyzed in Navisworks. Following resolution, there was a significant decrease of design clashes and the re-estimated cost came down to ₹11,62,69,852.03. This indicates a saving of ₹54,27,855.42 in costs, showing the financial and operational advantages of early detection and resolution of clashes using Building Information Modeling (BIM). Conclusion This research shows the effective integration of BIM dimensions with collaborative tools in interior design projects to improve coordination and minimize conflicts between structural, precast, and interior components. With the utilization of Revit, Navisworks, and Primavera P6, the project was able to achieve early clash detection, precise quantity take-off, and effective 4D simulation. Post-clash resolution analysis indicated cost savings and time savings, better project planning, and reduced rework. 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(2024) Journal of Building Engineering BIM-based multi-objective optimization of clash resolution: A NSGA-II approach Yasser yahya AI-Ashmori, Idris Othman, Yani Ramawati, Y. H. Mugahed Amran, S.H. Abo Sabah, Aminu Darda’u Rafindadi & Miljan Mikic (2020) Ain Shams Engineering Journal BIM benefits and its influence on the BIM implementation in Malaysia Zainudin, H., Ain, N., & Bachek, S. H. (n.d.). Visualization in Building Information Modelling (BIM) for Interior Design Education: A Case Study at Sunway University. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309822467 Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-7116216","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":497521890,"identity":"1d7789cf-084d-4d8f-a1c5-1ad0ee8fd43f","order_by":0,"name":"Aishwarya Mounesh 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Education","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"Dr","firstName":"","middleName":"","lastName":"Bhagyashree","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-07-14 02:38:15","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7116216/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7116216/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":88769081,"identity":"3e9bf7e4-b6f8-4b25-9333-ef1b734ec777","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-08-11 09:25:23","extension":"png","order_by":1,"title":"Figure 1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":113763,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eFlow Chart of BIM Modeling Process\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"1.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7116216/v1/db0f8d0e8beae78755172c16.png"},{"id":88769086,"identity":"aa1683f3-44a4-49c5-baf2-73732da3c03f","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-08-11 09:25:23","extension":"png","order_by":2,"title":"Figure 2","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":310333,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eDesign of Interior Workspaces.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"2.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7116216/v1/c5b9fdc2b371e5f37abcf106.png"},{"id":88769649,"identity":"f4e96ae1-b219-469d-869f-640060997296","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-08-11 09:33:23","extension":"png","order_by":3,"title":"Figure 3","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":146379,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eDevelopment of WBS Module in Primavera P6.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"3.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7116216/v1/83cfc20bf588629195da5880.png"},{"id":88769084,"identity":"768a3fdb-e086-41c6-884b-afc0fc6c0039","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-08-11 09:25:23","extension":"png","order_by":4,"title":"Figure 4","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":187330,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eDevelopment of Project Timeline in Primavera P6.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"4.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7116216/v1/50e51fee8ad3d355de35cdc8.png"},{"id":88771006,"identity":"57dd6cfd-712f-4ae6-910e-7753c09f6eb6","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-08-11 09:41:23","extension":"png","order_by":5,"title":"Figure 5","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":37883,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eBefore and After Clash resolving\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"5.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7116216/v1/6eab8bb9a595554395ea9410.png"},{"id":88769095,"identity":"3ffb3566-6432-484d-8b94-e43c3fe08e5e","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-08-11 09:25:24","extension":"png","order_by":6,"title":"Figure 6","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":334338,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eClash Detection Between Civil and Plumbing Near the Wash Basin.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"6.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7116216/v1/0e7aefd6c1e03eb765f1dbf6.png"},{"id":88769103,"identity":"ef050e40-7768-4a2d-95b6-5bab9c648c0f","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-08-11 09:25:24","extension":"png","order_by":7,"title":"Figure 7","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":352116,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eClash Detection Between Civil and Interior Systems Near the Staircas\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"7.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7116216/v1/45d6b03d407eb2189d231d33.png"},{"id":88769108,"identity":"03d49645-4924-4d3f-a7c7-8ba242a65dc8","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-08-11 09:25:24","extension":"png","order_by":8,"title":"Figure 8","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":114684,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eTotal cost before Clash Resolving\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"8.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7116216/v1/ce636876e15cfac759facd34.png"},{"id":88769088,"identity":"83e7592c-69af-4e92-9aa9-77d28163fc9d","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-08-11 09:25:24","extension":"png","order_by":9,"title":"Figure 9","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":115431,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eTotal Cost after Clash Resolving\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"9.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7116216/v1/b041de26e12f2b660143da5f.png"},{"id":88769654,"identity":"721bb00c-bf07-4751-af87-4df9cc9cd4e1","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-08-11 09:33:24","extension":"png","order_by":10,"title":"Figure 10","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":47635,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eCost Comparison\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"10.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7116216/v1/23b2a47918613f35c2758594.png"},{"id":88769660,"identity":"bbc559cc-25b3-40da-ac5f-57cd0802c78d","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-08-11 09:33:24","extension":"png","order_by":11,"title":"Figure 11","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":94714,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eLegend not included with this version.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"11.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7116216/v1/494e8a0bb68276d9a92c880c.png"},{"id":93755601,"identity":"a4a25274-178d-4b3f-be30-2de8ba1ad6fc","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-10-17 08:40:02","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":2178537,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7116216/v1/ed792806-427a-455a-82cf-6799aa96691e.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"\u003cp\u003eIntegrating BIM Dimensions and Collaborative Tools for Interior Design Projects\u003c/p\u003e","fulltext":[{"header":"Introduction","content":"\u003cp\u003eBuilding Information System in construction sector is increasing widely as the requirement of BIM system in planning and designing of infrastructures, BIM is composed of various dimension that is 2D, 3D, 4D, 5D, 6D, 7D BIM which deliver duration, timeline, scheduling, cost estimation, operations and maintenance of a building in designing stage. (Jagtap Onkar) Construction project processes are fragmented in nature with a complex life cycle. They are sequence phases of built-in construction that is from the starting phase of a project to its potential demolition that postulate a massive documentation and information. The nature of construction projects impose the interaction and integration of various professionals of various organizations to execute specified tasks within the scope and objectives of the project. (Yahya Yasser AI) With the advancing complexity of the construction techniques and innovations in the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction sector, managing risks has turned into a foremost concern. In the life cycle of a construction project, many risks can influence its cost, time, quality, and safety. Inefficient planning and scheduling, design changes, incorrect budgeting, default by suppliers, unsuitable construction process. (Abosaq \u0026amp; Batool, 2024) BIM is a single process with integrated real-time, intelligent modeling software to effectively function in 3D, 4D (3D+ Time), and 5D (4D + Cost) to increase productivity, save time and cost during the construction and design phase, and minimize the operating cost post-construction. (S \u0026amp; George, 2022)The research emphasizes the application of BIM for clash detection between plumbing and structural layouts, BIM improves project delivery through cost savings in reworks due to clash detection. (Nair et al., n.d.)\u0026nbsp;Building Information Modeling (BIM)is an integrated the process of development and utilizes of a computer generated model to simulate the design, planning, construction schedule, cost information and clash detection such as physical and functional characteristics digitally before it is built. (Swapnesh et al., 2017a)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBIM coordination propose these clashes at design coordination meeting for solution discussion. The coordination process can be conducted sequentially or parallelly among multiple disciplines depending on how to build and integrate models to detect clashes. (Hu Yaqing) By facilitating holistic technique in building service system modelling, BIM Technology is capable of integrating all the MEP, Structural and architecture disciplines into a common digital platform for design, analysis and documentation purposes. (Preto Edgar) The use of BIM automatic cash detection has been extensive in construction. BIM can merge multi-disciplinary models and calculate clashes in a federated model from the geometric data of building elements. (Hu Yuqing) It discusses the independent design process of various teams, leading to clashes during integration, the importance of resolving clashes to avoid project issues like rework and increased costs. (Bitaraf et al., 2024)Design coordination and clash detection are key applications of 3D modeling in construction, identifying conflicts in building elements, A federated model helps integrate designs from various fields to identify clashes before construction. \u003cspan class=\"MsoHyperlink\"\u003e(Hasannejad et al., 2022)\u003c/span\u003eThe conventional approach involving the manual identification of clash points during the drawing review period is time consuming and ineffective due to the complexity and scale involved in pipeline relocation project. Therefore, to improve construction efficiency, it is imperative to develop a systematic solution that can identify clashes and propose effective coordination strategies. (Yin Jun) Multi-disciplinary clashes how to identify the dependency relations between these clashes and how to organize clash correction sequences to control ripple effects and avoid iterative adjustments. (Y. Hu et al., 2020a) Currently, the clash detection process has become increasingly refined, but the clash resolution process is sill time- consuming and arduous. Moreover, clash resolution primarily focused on single objective optimization. However, meeting the projects requirements with a single objective is challenging in practice. \u003cspan class=\"MsoHyperlink\"\u003e(Liu Xinnan)\u003c/span\u003eThe emergence of specialized software like AutoCAD and Navisworks has transformed digital design in construction, BIM technology enhances productivity from design to demolition stages of a building. (Baltabekov et al., 2021) One of the BIM tools in this area is Autodesk\u0026rsquo;s Navisworks software, which is currently considered the most powerful clash identification and resolution software. On the other hand, it is also worth mentioning that some of the clashes detected by the Navisworks software are considered independent clashes that do not require any action or a clear solution to resolve them. (Bitaraf \u0026amp; Akbar Shirzadi Javid, 2024) In this project, by using BIM system software such as Revit, and Autodesk Navisworks, architects, structural engineers, MEP engineers and other disciplines discovered design errors and omissions during the drawing review process. Clashes are resolved and costs are reduced and optimized. Scheduling of project is done by performing quality analysis. Generalised guidelines are to be prepared for the type of the building. (Sutar Shriyash Durugkar 2023) errors in paper documentation and exchange of drawings often cause unanticipated field costs and delays during the project delivery\u0026nbsp;(Elyano \u0026amp; Yuliastuti, 2021)\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Furthermore, cross-disciplinary communication between the various professionals of the construction sector is, however, very problematic and can be seen to be a significant contributing factor in poor performance of project productivity. (Kermanshahi et al., 2020) Due to this cross-functional and multi-sectoral nature, a lot of conflicts arise during the execution of a project. These conflicts hamper the project timeline, which leads to increase in estimated project cost, reduced productivity and at times loss of profit. If these clashes/ conflicts are detected at an early stage, the surprises during construction process can be reduced and in turn the project execution can be carried out smoothly and successfully within the estimated time and cost. (Kale et al., n.d.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eClash detection\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA clash is when items from two different models share the same location. A clash can be geometric (e.g., pipes going through walls), schedule based (when various parts of work that are meant to be sequential are scheduled to happen simultaneously or in reverse), or changes/updates not applied to drawings.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are 3 primary types of clashes that clash detection looks for:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1. Hard Clash: where two objects cut through one another. The majority of BIM modelling software negate the possibility for this by means of clash detection rules drawn from embedded object information.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2. Soft Clash: efforts to identify clashes that happen when objects intrude into geometric tolerances of other objects (e.g., a building modelled too near a high-tension cable).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3. 4D/Workflow Conflict: conflict resolves scheduling conflicts and irregularities as well as delivery conflicts (Gaurav Bhamre)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSCOPE OF THE WORK\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe scope of work involves developing the interior building design as a 3D BIM model, with construction schedules to create a 4D model and clash detection to identify and quantify clashes between architectural and structural components. The study involves the computation of cost prior to and subsequent to resolving clashes in order to calculate the cost impact of BIM implementation. Coupling the model with time schedules and cost-benefit analysis, the project aims to enhance construction efficiency along with reducing rework and maximizing utilization of resources ultimately resulting in enhanced project planning and execution.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOBJECTIVE\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eDeveloping BIM based 3D model for the interior design of the building\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eIntegrating the construction schedule to create a 4D model\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003ePerform clash detection, estimate cost and cost comparison after and before clash detection\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e"},{"header":"Summary of literature Review ","content":"\u003cp\u003eBIM is significantly enhancing the efficiency of Management to reduce inaccuracies and to address the various challenges to reduce time and cost of the project. The paper further aims to refine the alternative data acquisition technologies (Jarząbek-Rychard \u0026amp; Maas, 2023)As the traditional methods are human intensive which leads to time and cost overrun as the BIM in automation is focused on challenges like noise, clutter and wall components. This research work highlights decision-making significantly in time and cost savings also supports in maintenance and project lifecycle (Jung et al., 2018)The shift from 2D modeling to more dynamic 3D and 4D has increased the project visualization across fields like urban planning, infrastructure management and safety. 3D modeling to enhanced data analysis for various projects. The BIM has further advanced in incorporating cost, time and environmental functions for further scope (Gupta et al., n.d.)The BIM provides a comprehensive 3D framework for managing building data but there are various significant challenges related to cost escalation and real-time safety monitoring that can only be assessed with the help 4D technology. 4D technology enhances conflict analysis, construction safety, efficiency and quality through dynamic approach. 4D technology demonstrates potential in improving conflict management and construction safety if they are integrated in the correct manner. (Z. Hu \u0026amp; Zhang, 2011)BIM adaptation in Interior design project emphasize in the selection of materials and designing spacious room design a project with improved architectural, engineering and construction visualization. (Zainudin et al., n.d.)Improved scheduling through numerous activity linkages effectively improve time efficiency for cost management and resource smoothing which results in PO tracking of S-curves to prioritize zero-float jobs to prevent delays. (Rao et al., 2022) Implementation helps in enhancing project management efficacy and emphasizes the necessity of monitoring and control in ensuring timely project completion. (Harshavardhan et al., 2023)Effective project management requires proper planning, organization, and resource allocation with robust monitoring system to track performance. Primavera P6 software significantly enhances planning, scheduling, and tracking capabilities by reducing float, smoothing resources and enabling regular updates. During the study the software allows for better cost control, time management and identification of critical activities to avoid delays. Primavera P6 is more efficient than traditional methods and provides project management insights (Varsani et al., 2020)Design integration issues in building construction tend to result in element conflicts. Clash detection early on reduces rework and expense. BIM promotes collaboration through the use of a project model to detect and solve conflicts during design, enhancing efficiency and material handling throughout the construction process. (Elyano \u0026amp; Yuliastuti, 2021)Construction applications of BIM yield positive ROI, particularly in constructability analysis and site planning. Research emphasizes the adoption trends, advantages, and challenges of BIM for electrical and mechanical contractors. The review also emphasizes the requirement for enhanced approaches to evaluate BIM\u0026apos;s constructability effect and ROI assessment. \u003cspan class=\"MsoHyperlink\"\u003e(Bockstael et al., 2016)\u003c/span\u003e IPD research, clash detection, and conflict analysis underscore the importance of early stakeholder collaboration in minimizing disputes. Research emphasizes the contribution of BIM in facilitating communication and coordination, solving delays in conventional clash resolution. The review advocates for improved BIM-based practices to maximize project performance, cost management, and scheduling. (Kale et al., n.d.) Studies indicate the effectiveness of BIM in construction management, particularly in clash detection. Research highlights its use in enhancing cost savings, time management, and system coordination. Major sources, such as McGraw-Hill Construction reports, highlight the positive effects of BIM on project results and industry uptake. (Swapnesh et al., 2017b) BIM contributes a lot to improving construction efficiency through improved clash detection, cost control, and project coordination. Studies emphasize the use of BIM in reducing design errors and productivity improvement. Major studies focus on the importance of integrating BIM towards efficient processes and enhanced project results. \u003cspan class=\"MsoHyperlink\"\u003e(D Sanket)\u003c/span\u003e Conventional forms of communication within construction tend to lead to errors and delays. Studies identify how BIM ensures increased project productivity through better coordination among stakeholders. Research indicates BIM successfully removes design clashes, resulting in higher-quality project outputs and increased efficiency. (Kermanshahi et al., 2020) BIM has transformed the traditional approach to construction by allowing precise digital models that facilitate enhanced coordination and collaboration. Its clash detection process aids conflict resolution, enhancing the efficiency and accuracy of projects. Regardless of challenges such as high cost and resistance, BIM assures greater visualization, cost benefits, and precision, with standard protocols required for successful implementation. (S \u0026amp; George, 2022) BIM is now widely accepted as an economical tool for information management in the AEC sector. It enhances the efficiency of a project by minimizing errors and allowing stakeholders to use updated information. BIM is gaining ground in India, with research highlighting its application in improving construction quality and management. (Khasbage \u0026amp; Kshirsagar, 2022) Developing a tailored information model for existing buildings is important to ensure compliance with facility management strategies and operational requirements. This customized approach allows for flexibility, as the model can be modified to suit evolving building needs and facilitate effective management practices \u003cspan class=\"MsoHyperlink\"\u003e(Sutar Shriyash Durugkar 2023)\u003c/span\u003e Creating a bespoke information model for existing buildings is critical to the alignment with facility management strategies and operational requirements. This flexible model provides flexibility, supporting the changing needs of building operation teams for enhanced management and efficiency. \u003cspan class=\"MsoHyperlink\"\u003e(Bitaraf \u0026amp; Akbar Shirzadi Javid, 2024)\u003c/span\u003e Clash management has changed from conventional techniques to BIM for enhanced detection and resolution. Although detection accuracy is increased with techniques such as machine learning, clash correction tends to ignore interdependencies. This research suggests a comprehensive approach that uses the dependencies of clashes to improve the sequences of correction, diminishing iterations and enhancing coordination in complicated projects. (Y. Hu et al., 2020b)\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Methodology","content":"\u003cp\u003eThe methodology for integrating BIM, Project scheduling, Cost analysis, Revit, Primavera P6, Navisworks, integrated methodology The methodology used for combined Project Scheduling and Cost analysis using Building Information Modeling\u0026ensp;is step based and has been carried out in Revit, primavera P6 and Navisworks It all starts with a detailed 3D model created in Revit that includes architectural, structural\u0026ensp;and MEP components. This information can be properties like material, dimensions of the parts, etc., which gives the necessary data for estimating\u0026ensp;the quantities accurately. In parallel, the project schedule development in Primavera P6, where WBS is\u0026ensp;created, activities are sequenced, and resources are allocated. The Construction\u0026ensp;Timeline is optimized for project enhancements.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe 3D model along with a project\u0026ensp;schedule is imported into Navisworks for 4D simulation. Construction activities from Primavera P6 are linked to elements in\u0026ensp;the BIM model, that has been imported into the new environment. This allows allied project teams to visualize the construction\u0026ensp;sequence and identify scheduling clashes. It is then proceeded with an initial\u0026ensp;quantity take off to assess material requirements which leads into a preliminary cost estimate. To increase accuracy, collision detection is performed in Navisworks to ensure different building elements do not interfere with each\u0026ensp;other. It makes necessary adjustments, and then a new quantity takeoff is performed\u0026ensp;after conflicts have been resolved.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBIM Modelling Process Flow\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe methodology begins with creating a 3D Building Information Model (BIM) with the help of Revit, which provides detailed visual and geometric information about the project. At the same time, Primavera P6 is employed to develop a detailed project schedule, with a Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) and activity schedules, specifying the order and length of construction activities.Lastly, the Revit 3D model and Primavera P6 schedule are both imported in Navisworks, a project review and coordination tool. With the relationship between the BIM model and construction schedule, the creation of a 4D simulation is made possible, representing the construction process through time. It facilitates easier interpretation of sequencing, conflicts between schedules, and enhanced planning efficiency.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAfter the 4D model is developed, a quantity takeoff is performed with the integrated model. This is performed first before an estimate of quantities is given by clash detection. Navisworks is then utilized to establish clashes (conflicts) between various parts of the model, e.g., pipes or structural members that conflict. After conflicts have been identified and resolved, a second quantity takeoff is performed to account for the adjusted design, with better material estimation.The last action is a cost analysis based on quantity takeoffs taken prior to and following clash resolution. It makes project teams perceive the cost effect of design clashes and the rework incurred in order to fix them. Based on pre- and post-clash data analysis, teams can enhance cost planning and avoid probable budget overruns, and with the use of 4D and 5D BIM, make the process more reliable and efficient.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUltimately, a comparative cost analysis is performed based on both the pre-\u0026ensp;and post-clash detection data. By doing this, you can better understand the cost implications of clash resolution, improve your budget\u0026ensp;estimates, and identify possible cost-saving opportunities. This method expands on BI model projecting by combining it with additional scheduling and cost analysis to improve project coordination, minimize material waste\u0026ensp;and refine budget forecasting. This facilitates an efficient project, early detection of potential risks\u0026ensp;that may arise during construction, and maintenance of a sustainable lifecycle using Revit, Primavera P6, and Navisworks.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRevit\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRevit is one of the popular building information modeling (BIM) software used in architectural, engineering, and construction projects. It enables the users to create precise 2D and 3D building models and enhance data management. With Revit, you can create stunning 2D and 3D models for analysing and visualization of the projects. Revit provides various tools for designing and modeling building systems including plumbing, HVAC and electrical systems. This software also helps in interior and exterior design aspects of the building and also features rendering and visualization tools.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrimavera P6\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is a comprehensive project management software which helps to enable the organization and for the individuals to plan, schedule and cost control for various small and large projects efficiently.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNavisworks\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNavisworks is a powerful BIM visualization and coordination software widely used in construction projects for tasks such as clash detection, 4D simulation, and quantity takeoff. It allows seamless integration with models created in software like Revit.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Results","content":"\u003cp\u003eThe study involved the application of Navisworks and Revit software in the use of Building Information Modeling (BIM) measurements in the project. The first task was performing 3D modeling through Revit, which served as the starting point for subsequent analysis. Clash detection using Navisworks came next to identify conflicts. After the resolution of the clashes, a quantity takeoff was performed to estimate the changes in the project scope after the changes were made. Pre-clash and post-clash quantities were compared, and observations were noted. There were some building systems that had higher quantities of materials needed, while others showed a reduction in material needs after the process of resolving the clashes. The overall project timing was also affected, and the few of the work were postponed to correspond with the changes carried out at the clash resolution. The study highlights the importance of incorporating clash detection as a first step during the project stage in order to make better contribution towards coordination, better utilization of resources, and more efficient construction.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe clash detection process was done on Navisworks, wherein on average 42 clashes were detected per floor of the suggested 12-storey building. The original cost estimate of the project, before clashes were resolved, was ₹12,16,97,707.45. After detection of clashes, requisite changes were incorporated in Autodesk Revit, and the new revised model was re-exported to be re-analyzed in Navisworks. Following resolution, there was a significant decrease of design clashes and the re-estimated cost came down to ₹11,62,69,852.03. This indicates a saving of ₹54,27,855.42 in costs, showing the financial and operational advantages of early detection and resolution of clashes using Building Information Modeling (BIM).\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Conclusion","content":"\u003cp\u003eThis research shows the effective integration of BIM dimensions with collaborative tools in interior design projects to improve coordination and minimize conflicts between structural, precast, and interior components. With the utilization of Revit, Navisworks, and Primavera P6, the project was able to achieve early clash detection, precise quantity take-off, and effective 4D simulation. Post-clash resolution analysis indicated cost savings and time savings, better project planning, and reduced rework. In general, BIM implementation simplifies cross-disciplinary coordination, improves construction efficiency, and enables well-informed decision-making across the lifecycle of the project.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Abbreviations","content":"\u003cp\u003eBuilding information Modeling (BIM)\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003ch2\u003eAuthor Contribution\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMs. Aishwarya Mounesh Sonar was responsible for the conception, execution, analysis, and writing of the manuscript. She carried out the literature review, BIM modeling, clash detection, cost analysis, and preparation of results.Dr. Bhagyashree provided overall guidance, supervision, and critical review of the work. She ensured the research direction, accuracy of methodology, and supported the refinement of the manuscript.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eAbosaq, N., \u0026amp; Batool, S. M. (2024). 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Abo Sabah, Aminu Darda\u0026rsquo;u Rafindadi \u0026amp; Miljan Mikic (2020) Ain Shams Engineering Journal BIM benefits and its influence on the BIM implementation in Malaysia\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eZainudin, H., Ain, N., \u0026amp; Bachek, S. H. (n.d.). Visualization in Building Information Modelling (BIM) for Interior Design Education: A Case Study at Sunway University. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309822467\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"BIM, Clash Detection, Quantity Take-off, Revit, Primavera P6, Navisworks","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7116216/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7116216/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eLack of integration in construction planning for projects typically leads to conflicts among various design elements, particularly structural design, precast design, and interior design. Such conflicts can lead to delays, increased costs, and inefficiencies. This research will discuss the incidence and underlying reasons for conflict in interior projects, with particular emphasis on the point of intersection between structural, precast, and interior designs. Interior projects are a multidisciplinary cross-section of many disciplines that include aesthetics, space planning, functionality requirements, and engineering details. Also, the research will perform a quantity take-off analysis once these conflicts are resolved. The methodology adopted in this research is a comprehensive literature review of Integrated Project Delivery (IPD), Clash Detection, and Conflict Analysis. A Building Information Modeling (BIM) model of an office building on ground structure is developed in Revit, with collaboration and clash detection performed using Revit, Navisworks, and BIM Collaborate. The outcomes will assist in the enhancement of coordination between the various design professions, minimize conflicts, and improve overall efficiency of the project delivery process.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Integrating BIM Dimensions and Collaborative Tools for Interior Design Projects","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-08-11 09:25:19","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7116216/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"884a0137-69dc-4f4b-9ad2-71383ceb8c69","owner":[],"postedDate":"August 11th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-10-17T08:39:35+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-08-11 09:25:19","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-7116216","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-7116216","identity":"rs-7116216","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}