Hypoxia-Driven Endometrial Pathogenesis: Integrating Optical Oxygen Sensing and Transcriptomic Analysis

Hypoxia-Driven Endometrial Pathogenesis: Integrating Optical Oxygen Sensing and Transcriptomic Analysis | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Hypoxia-Driven Endometrial Pathogenesis: Integrating Optical Oxygen Sensing and Transcriptomic Analysis Chia-Yu Lin, Yen-Yi Liu, Hsin-Hung Wu, Nancy M. Wang This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7586388/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 5 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Hypoxia, a state of reduced oxygen availability, drives endometrial disease progression by inducing cellular reprogramming that promotes inflammation, angiogenesis, and aberrant cell survival in endometriosis and endometrial cancer. Quantifying oxygen tension may enable mechanistic stratification of disease states. We evaluated the MED Gen optical oxygen sensor (ACE Solution, Taiwan) as a minimally invasive tool for endometrial oxygen measurement and explored its diagnostic utility in hypoxia-linked pathogenesis. A case-control study (infertility [n=25], endometriosis [n=22], benign tumors [n=25], endometrial carcinoma [n=22], controls [n=30]) combined MED Gen measurements with transcriptomic profiling of endometrial biopsies. While MED Gen and ultrasound data identified endometrial thickness and proliferation as disease discriminators, oxygen tension alone lacked diagnostic specificity. Transcriptomics linked proliferation to Wnt/β-catenin-mediated HIF-1α activation, revealing hypoxia-associated pathways. The MED Gen sensor demonstrates potential for detecting proliferation-driven biomarkers, supporting its use in mechanistic studies and therapeutic target discovery. Health sciences/Biomarkers Biological sciences/Cancer Biological sciences/Cell biology Health sciences/Diseases Biological sciences/Molecular biology Hypoxia Endometrial Diseases Oxygen Tension HIF-1α Wnt Signaling Pathway Optical Oxygen Sensor Full Text Additional Declarations Competing interest reported. The MED Gen equipment used in this study was supplied by Advanced ACEBIOTEK Co., Ltd., as a loan to Hsin-Hung Wu. The company was not involved in data acquisition, analysis, or manuscript preparation. Supplementary Files ScientificReportssupplementaryinformationWANG.docx Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Reviewers invited by journal 05 Feb, 2026 Editor assigned by journal 13 Jan, 2026 Editor invited by journal 25 Sep, 2025 Submission checks completed at journal 24 Sep, 2025 First submitted to journal 20 Sep, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-7586388","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":587403145,"identity":"e073d9cf-928d-451b-a7b2-186419dc8e1a","order_by":0,"name":"Chia-Yu Lin","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"National Changhua University of Education","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Chia-Yu","middleName":"","lastName":"Lin","suffix":""},{"id":587403146,"identity":"fb93818f-18ab-4e90-8cb9-14f258a61963","order_by":1,"name":"Yen-Yi Liu","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"National Changhua University of Education","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Yen-Yi","middleName":"","lastName":"Liu","suffix":""},{"id":587403147,"identity":"ec709c03-d626-4e4a-97c3-64a2a0375e3d","order_by":2,"name":"Hsin-Hung Wu","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Changhua Christian Hospital","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Hsin-Hung","middleName":"","lastName":"Wu","suffix":""},{"id":587403148,"identity":"2832f0c8-cb1e-4504-a3bd-056502b7a761","order_by":3,"name":"Nancy M. 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