Trend and factors associated with under-five mortality in Ethiopia further analysis of 2000-2016 Ethiopian demographic and health survey: A Multivariate decomposition analysis

Background: The under-five mortality rate is the probability that a newborn will die before reaching the age of five years. It is usually expressed as a rate per 1000 live births. Nearly 7 million children worldwide die before their fifth birthdays, with almost all of such death occurring in developing countries Objective: To assess the trend and factors associated with under-five mortality in Ethiopia further analysis of 2000-2016 Ethiopian demographic and health survey: a decomposition analysis Methods: A secondary serial cross-sectional analysis was conducted utilizing data from four rounds of EDHS administered in 2000, 2005, 2011 and 2016. The Ethiopian health and demographic survey in 2000-2016 used a two-stage stratified sampling technique to select a nationally representative sample. In the first stage the total number of enumeration areas was 539 in 2000, 540 in 2005, 624 in 2011 and 645 EAs in 2016 were selected with probability proportional to EA size and with independent selection in each sampling stratum. In the second stage of selection, a fixed number of 28 households per cluster were selected with an equal probability systematic selection from the newly created household listing. Result: Looking at the overall trend, Ethiopia has shown a significant decrease in under-five mortality over the study period from 166 per 1000 births in 2000 to 67 per 1000 birth in 2016 with annual rate of reduction of 3.7%. The trends in under-five mortality showed a variation according to their characteristics. Among home delivery, the largest decrement was observed around 6.5% decrease from 2000 to 2016 and in health facility delivery decreased by 8.3% The decomposition analysis shows that 100.74% of the decrease in under-five mortality was accredited to the difference in the effects of characteristics. Conclusion: Under-five mortality decreased significantly over the last one and a half decades. One of the remarkable findings from the decomposition analysis is the effect of education, place of delivery and maternal age. the government of Ethiopia shall do all daughters will be educated and to build health facilities the whole place of the country Keywords: Under-five mortality decomposition analysis, trend