Unified Dimension Diffusion Model (UDDM v2.5): A Complete Cosmological Framework Based on Energy Ontology, Global Relaxation, and Local Self-Constraint

Unified Dimension Diffusion Model (UDDM v2.5): A Complete Cosmological Framework Based on Energy Ontology, Global Relaxation, and Local Self-Constraint | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Unified Dimension Diffusion Model (UDDM v2.5): A Complete Cosmological Framework Based on Energy Ontology, Global Relaxation, and Local Self-Constraint Pengtai Huang This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-9006457/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Based on three core axioms of energy ontology, global relaxation, and local self-constraint without prior assumptions or circular definitions, this paper constructs a logically closed, mathematically rigorous, and dimensionally self-consistent Unified Dimension Diffusion Model (UDDM v2.5). Starting from energy primitives in a pre-geometric spacetime-free background, the model strictly derives the endogenous emergence process from a discrete topological network to 3 + 1-dimensional continuous spacetime. Based on the non-equilibrium directed active percolation theory[ 16 ], we deduce the micro-macro unified dynamic equation and the galaxy-scale effective diffusion coefficient, and modify the Einstein field equations to distinguish local baryonic matter, self-constraint effects, and the global relaxation background. This framework completely eliminates the circular definitions, phenomenological assumptions, and fine-tuning problems in traditional cosmology. Based on topological quantum field theory[ 13 ], this paper clarifies the general macroscopic expression of the quantum dissipation term, and strictly deduces that the steady-state self-constraint parameter ξ0​≈1.3 is a three-dimensional topological invariant. The corrected core formula for galactic rotation curves achieves full dimensional self-consistency, positive sign definiteness, and a physical magnitude that fully matches SPARC observations[ 9 ]. We provide an analytical solution for galactic dynamics with no free fitting parameters, which naturally resolves the core difficulties of the Λ-CDM model, including the cusp-core crisis, dark matter, dark energy, and Hubble tension. This paper supplements the operational definition of core concepts, the corresponding limit of general relativity, a strictly compatible framework for quantum mechanics, the emergence mechanism of particle properties, and a test scheme for the SPARC galaxy database. All predictions of the model are quantitatively testable, with galactic rotation curves as the preferred decisive test scenario, forming a complete cosmological research program fully consistent with Popper's scientific methodology[ 7 ]. Astrophysics and Cosmology energy ontology global relaxation local self-constraint non-equilibrium active percolation UDDM cosmology galactic rotation curve dark matter dark energy Full Text Additional Declarations The authors declare no competing interests. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-9006457","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":599054709,"identity":"bc294de2-e9b7-460d-bc21-95106a2cb0b0","order_by":0,"name":"Pengtai Huang","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA50lEQVRIiWNgGAWjYBACA2TOgQ8GNnIkaGFjYDg4oyDNmDQtzDwfDicS1GIukfzs4dcdNnny8c0PD9sYMCcwsB8+ugGfFssZaebGsmfSig2PsRkczjFgy2PgSUu7gddhNxLMpCXbDidubGMAaeEpZpDgMSOgJf0bUMt/oBb2D4ctDCQSGwhryTGT/Nh2IHE+G4/BYQYDAyK0nHlTJs14JjlxA1tOwcEegwRjNoJ+OZ6+TfLnDrvE+c3HN3/48ee/HD/74WN4tYAAM28DUO8BKI+NkHIQYPwJ1CLfQIzSUTAKRsEoGJEAADOhTuyz04L3AAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0347-9765","institution":"Independent Researcher","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Pengtai","middleName":"","lastName":"Huang","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2026-03-02 06:40:27","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":{"humanSubjects":false,"vertebrateSubjects":false,"conflictsOfInterestStatement":false,"humanSubjectEthicalGuidelines":false,"humanSubjectConsent":false,"humanSubjectClinicalTrial":false,"humanSubjectCaseReport":false,"vertebrateSubjectEthicalGuidelines":false},"doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9006457/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9006457/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":103804545,"identity":"3031e758-66cb-4e48-a3df-90397736b400","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-03-03 06:56:42","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":483027,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"UnifiedDimensionDiffusionModelUDDMv2.5ACompleteCosmologicalFrameworkBasedonEnergyOntologyGlobalRelaxationandLocalSelfConstraint.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9006457/v1_covered_e7a7066a-c7f9-4a3b-a294-139c8e9acd1b.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"The authors declare no competing interests.","formattedTitle":"\u003cp\u003eUnified Dimension Diffusion Model (UDDM v2.5): A Complete Cosmological Framework Based on Energy Ontology, Global Relaxation, and Local Self-Constraint\u003c/p\u003e","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"Independent Researcher","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"energy ontology, global relaxation, local self-constraint, non-equilibrium active percolation, UDDM, cosmology, galactic rotation curve, dark matter, dark energy","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9006457/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9006457/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eBased on three core axioms of energy ontology, global relaxation, and local self-constraint without prior assumptions or circular definitions, this paper constructs a logically closed, mathematically rigorous, and dimensionally self-consistent Unified Dimension Diffusion Model (UDDM v2.5). Starting from energy primitives in a pre-geometric spacetime-free background, the model strictly derives the endogenous emergence process from a discrete topological network to 3\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;1-dimensional continuous spacetime. Based on the non-equilibrium directed active percolation theory[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR16\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e16\u003c/span\u003e], we deduce the micro-macro unified dynamic equation and the galaxy-scale effective diffusion coefficient, and modify the Einstein field equations to distinguish local baryonic matter, self-constraint effects, and the global relaxation background. This framework completely eliminates the circular definitions, phenomenological assumptions, and fine-tuning problems in traditional cosmology.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBased on topological quantum field theory[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR13\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e13\u003c/span\u003e], this paper clarifies the general macroscopic expression of the quantum dissipation term, and strictly deduces that the steady-state self-constraint parameter ξ0​\u0026asymp;1.3 is a three-dimensional topological invariant. The corrected core formula for galactic rotation curves achieves full dimensional self-consistency, positive sign definiteness, and a physical magnitude that fully matches SPARC observations[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR9\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e9\u003c/span\u003e]. We provide an analytical solution for galactic dynamics with no free fitting parameters, which naturally resolves the core difficulties of the Λ-CDM model, including the cusp-core crisis, dark matter, dark energy, and Hubble tension.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis paper supplements the operational definition of core concepts, the corresponding limit of general relativity, a strictly compatible framework for quantum mechanics, the emergence mechanism of particle properties, and a test scheme for the SPARC galaxy database. All predictions of the model are quantitatively testable, with galactic rotation curves as the preferred decisive test scenario, forming a complete cosmological research program fully consistent with Popper's scientific methodology[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR7\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Unified Dimension Diffusion Model (UDDM v2.5): A Complete Cosmological Framework Based on Energy Ontology, Global Relaxation, and Local Self-Constraint","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2026-03-03 06:55:41","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9006457/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"4d9689ca-753f-42f2-abf3-39db11b02423","owner":[],"postedDate":"March 3rd, 2026","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[{"id":63821937,"name":"Astrophysics and Cosmology"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-03-03T06:55:42+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2026-03-03 06:55:41","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-9006457","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-9006457","identity":"rs-9006457","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"XKTyCvWXoU3ODBz1xrDgd","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}