An analysis of the factors influencing the demand for care in the community for older adults with mild dementia in China：A cross-sectional study

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In this study, we investigated the impairment status of patients with mild dementia and analyzed the care needs of patients with different levels of impairment in terms of activities of daily living, medical services, environmental care, psychological comfort and social participation, and the factors influencing them. Methods This study used a cross-sectional research method to investigate mildly demented older adults aged 60 years and above in the Chinese community. A self-administered questionnaire was used to assess the care needs of mildly demented older adults in terms of daily living, medical services, psychological comfort, home environment and social participation, and the ability level of mildly demented older adults was assessed using the official Chinese Norms for Assessing the Ability of the Elderly (GB/T42195-2022). Independent samples t-test and one-way ANOVA were used to compare the differences between demographic characteristics, impairment levels and care needs. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the independent factors influencing care needs. Results A total of 267 participants were included in this study and participated in the analyses. The results showed that there were differences in the scores of care needs between different ability levels: mildly impaired (58.74 ± 9.008), moderately impaired (78.45 ± 8.951) and severely impaired (99.67 ± 6.480), and that health care services were the main care needs of older adults with mild dementia, and older adults with mild dementia of different ability levels had high needs for health care services. For activities of daily living and psychological comfort, needs increased significantly with the severity of impairment and decreased with worsening impairment in environmental care and social participation. Comprehensive ability level for older adults: Moderately impaired(β = 0.136, P = 0.012), Severely impaired(β = 0.306, P < 0.001), Age:70-79years (β = 2.607, P = 0.010),80 years and above(β = 0.354, P < 0.001), Living with children(β = 0.267, P < 0.001),Living with spouse(β = 0.232, P < 0.001)and participation in sports and exercise (β = 3.308, P = 0.001)) had significant positive effects on community care service needs, drinking alcohol (β = -0.118, P = 0.007),and with other chronic diseases((β = -0.130, P = 0.004) had significant negative effects on community care service needs. Discussion Factors influencing the community care needs of older people with mild dementia who participated in this study included: comprehensive older adults' abilities, age, whether accompanied by other chronic diseases, history of alcohol consumption, presence of physical activity. Practical implications: Taking into account the different care needs of older adults with mild dementia at different stages of impairment, a comprehensive care program for older adults with mild dementia has been improved in a number of aspects, including daily living, medical services, home environment, psychological well-being and social participation. mild dementia older adults care needs influencing factors INTRODUCTION China's aging population is now in full swing and the "silver wave" is raging. According to data from the seventh national census, by the end of 2020, the number of older adults aged 60 and over in China had exceeded 264 million, accounting for 18.7% of the country's total population (Yang et al, 2021 ), and the number of older adults with dementia was also increasing, with epidemiological studies showing that the prevalence of dementia was around 6% among older adults aged 60 years and over, and that the prevalence among older adults aged 85 years and over had risen to 20% (Prince et al., 2012 ). It is expected that by 2030, China's older population aged 60 and above with dementia will reach 16.45 million (Jia et al., 2019 ), accounting for a quarter of the world's older population with dementia. Dementia has become one of the major causes of health problems and even death among the older adults, after cardiovascular diseases, cerebrovascular diseases and tumor, and has also imposes a heavy burden on the state, society and families. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the total global economic cost of dementia will be about $ 1.7 trillion by 2030, and in China, up to $ 168 billion is spent annually on dementia patients (Jia et al., 2018 ). Not only that, the symptoms and pathogenesis of dementia in older adults also determine the high demands on caregivers, and research shows that caregivers suffer from lack of expertise and energy, among other things (Xia et al., 2017).At the same time, when faced with the appearance of agitation, wandering and other behavioral psychological symptoms in older adults with dementia, caregivers are very prone to anxiety, depression and other emotions, which seriously affects their physical and mental health (Wang et al., 2022 ). Therefore, how to delay the development of dementia in older adults, reduce the burden on families and society, and improve the quality of life of older adults with dementia and their caregivers has become a hot social issue that we urgently need to solve. Dementia, refers to dysfunction in one or more cognitive domains to the extent that the cognitive impairment affects the patient's ability to carry out activities of daily living independently (Kuehn et al., 2021). Depending on the severity of the disease, it can be classified as mild, moderate or severe. If older adults with dementia are in the first stage of dementia, i.e. mild dementia, early intervention at this stage may help to slow the progression of dementia. The results of a study showed that older adults with mild dementia who regularly engaged in high-intensity activities such as word games, had better cognitive performance in terms of memory, working memory, attention, and processing speed (Aniwattanapong et al., 2023) .A study showed that a significant negative correlation between social activity and the onset of mild dementia (Coleman et al., 2023 ), and an intervention study showed that regular exercise interventions slowed the progression of cognitive impairment in older adults with mild dementia (Harwood et al., 2023 ). In summary, current research on the care of older adults with mild dementia is characterized by singularity and fragmentation, and there are very few studies that have looked at the care of older adults with mild dementia according to the specific ability levels of older adults with mild dementia. There are few studies that focus on the care needs of older adults with mild dementia according to specific different levels of ability, and that focus comprehensively on the care needs of older adults with mild dementia from the aspects of daily living, medical services, environmental care, psychological comfort, and social participation. Therefore, this study aims to systematically investigate the impairment status of patients with mild dementia, analyze the care needs of patients with different levels of impairment in activities of daily living, medical services, environmental care, psychological comfort, social participation and other aspects and their influencing factors, in order to provide a solid basis for the development of a scientific, effective and personalized supportive care programs. METHODS Study design and participants’ recruitment A cross-sectional survey method was used to select 267 older adults with mild dementia from April to July 2024 in three communities in Xuzhou City, China. Inclusion criteria: 1) older adults with mild dementia, aged 60 years or older, diagnosed in a hospital and according to the International Classification of Diseases, 10th edition (ICD.10); 2) mild on the Brief Mental Status Examination (MMSE) scale; 3) subjects understood the questionnaire content and questions, gave informed consent, and voluntarily participated in this study. Exclusion criteria included: 1) cognitive impairment due to confirmed psychiatric illness; 2) confusion and inability to express themselves; and 3) severe hearing impairment. Patients were also excluded if they were recovering from an acute or serious illness (e.g., stroke, cardiovascular disease, malignancy, or severe renal impairment). Data collection Data were collected through face-to-face interviews in a community health center. Two postgraduate nurses from our research group acted as investigators and received standardized training. The investigators explained the meaning and purpose of the study to the patients, read the questions on the questionnaire to the participants, and completed the questionnaires based on their answers. They were not given any clues about the questions or answers. The average time it took an investigator to complete a questionnaire was 15 minutes, and all questionnaires were collected on the spot. Measurement Care needs The researchers developed the questionnaire based on the Chinese expert consensus on dementia care (Zhu et al., 2023). A preliminary version of the questionnaire was sent to eight experts in geriatrics and public health for evaluation before the formal survey. The questionnaire was discussed and revised based on the experts' opinions. In this study, the item-level content validity index (I-CVI) ranged from 0.86 to 1.00; the scale-level content validity index (S-CVI) was 0.96; and the inter-rater agreement was 0.85. The final questionnaire created for this study consisted of two parts. The first part was general information about older adults with mild dementia. The second part of the questionnaire was a questionnaire on care needs (27 items in total), including daily living care (10 items), health services care (6 items), psychological care (4 items), home environment care (4 items), and social participation (3 items), where each item was a single-item choice, The second part of the questionnaire was scored on a 5-point Likert scale from 1 to 5 for very little need, no need, need, great need, and very great need, with higher scores indicating greater care needs. Capacity assessment of older adults Based on the "Specification for Elderly Ability Assessment" (GB/T 42195 − 2022) issued and implemented by the State Administration for Market Supervision and Administration of China and the National Standardization Administration of China, the ability level assessment of mildly demented older adults includes four first-level indicators of self-care ability, basic motor ability, mental state, sensory and social participation, and 26 second-level indicators, with a total score of 90 points, and the ability level assessment of older adults is as follows. The ability level of older adults was determined as follows: level 0 is intact, level 1 is mildly impaired, level 2 is moderately impaired, level 3 is severely impaired and level 4 is a complete loss of ability. Cognitive function Cognitive function was assessed using the Chinese version of the Modified Mental State Examination (MMSE)(Cui et al., 2011 ), which consists of 19 items assessing 7 cognitive domains, including temporal orientation, spatial orientation, transient memory, attention and calculation, and delayed memory, Verbal and visuospatial abilities, with a total score of 30 points, with one point awarded for each correct answer, scored as 21–26 points for the MMSE in mild dementia, 10–20 points for the MMSE in moderate dementia, and 0–9 points for severe dementia, depending on the severity of the dementia. The MMSE is the most influential international screening tool for cognitive deficits (Cui et al., 2011 ). Data analysis Data were analyzed from Excel imported into SPSS 26.0. Frequency statistics were performed for all characteristics of the study population and expressed as component proportions. Care needs scores were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. Independent samples t-tests and one-way ANOVA were used to compare differences in demographic variables, older adults' levels of competence and care needs, with statistical significance set at P < 0.05. Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to assess the independence of the variables from each other. The confidence level was 95%, with P < 0.05 indicating a statistically significant difference. RESULTS Demographic characteristics This study investigated 267 resident mildly demented older adults aged 60 years and older in the urban community of Xuzhou, including 137 males and 130 females, with a sex ratio of 1:1.05. In terms of age distribution, older adults aged 70-79 years accounted for the highest proportion of respondents (55.4%), while older adults aged 80 years and older accounted for the lowest proportion of respondents (9.4%). The educational level of respondents was generally low, with only 34.8% having completed junior high school or higher and 42.3% having completed primary school. In terms of income, 28.1% of respondents had a monthly per capita income of less than RMB 1,000 and 39.0% had a monthly per capita income of between RMB 1,000 and RMB 2,999, indicating that the majority of respondents had a relatively low income level. In terms of marital status, 78.3% of respondents had a spouse, of whom 52.4% lived with their spouse and 41.9% lived with their children. In addition, 79.4% of respondents had other chronic illnesses. Only 33.7% of respondents had pension insurance, but 93.6% of them had health insurance. In terms of lifestyle habits, 40.4% of respondents smoke, 47.2% drink alcohol and more than half (55.1%) do not exercise. There was a statistically significant difference ( P < 0.05) between age, marital status, place of residence, whether they exercised, whether they had other chronic conditions, and the care needs scores (Table 1). Table 1 Univariate screening of general information and community care service needs of older adults with mild dementia（n=267） Variable Frequency（%） community care service needs Score（x̄±S） F（ t ） P- value Gender Male 137（51.3） 69.88±8.908 1.563 0.119 Female 130（48.7） 68.25±8.132 Age 55.781 ＜ 0.001 60-69 years 81（30.3） 64.25±6.061 70-79 years 155（58.1） 69.36±7.206 over80years 31（11.6） 80.35±9.898 Marital status -2.478 0.014 Without spouse 62（23.2） 71.44±10.271 Have spouse 205（76.8） 68.38±7.920 Education level 1.214 0.305 Illiteracy 61（22.8） 69.33±6.882 Primary school 113（42.3） 69.66±8.905 Junior high school 81（30.3） 68.73±9.422 High school and above 12（4.5） 64.83±7.284 Residence 10.571 ＜ 0.001 Live by oneself 39（14.6） 65.26±5.491 Living with children 107（40.1） 71.72±9.342 Living with spouse 121（45.3） 67.99±7.971 With chronic diseases 4.968 ＜ 0.001 Yes 190（71.2） 70.61±8.555 No 77（28.8） 65.34±7.544 pension insurance Yes 90（33.7） 68.57±8.491 -0.708 0.483 No 177（66.3） 69.35±8.668 health insurance 0.136 0.893 Yes 250（93.6） 69.10±8.643 No 17（6.4） 68.82±8.202 Smoking 2.982 0.03 Yes 108（40.4） 69.27±9.355 No 159（59.6） 68.96±8.092 Drinking -7.391 ＜ 0.001 Yes 126（47.2） 70.72±8.375 No 141（52.8） 67.62±8.238 Physical exercise -4.075 ＜ 0.001 Yes 126（47.2） 65.16±5.969 No 141（52.8） 72.29±9.904 Monthly fixed income（yuan） 0.406 0.749 Less than 1000 75（28.1） 68.35±7.188 1000-2999 104（39.0） 68.99±9.201 3000-4999 51（19.1） 68.82±9.975 5000 or more 37（13.8） 69.84±7.581 Note: x̄± S mean ±standard deviation, P ＜0.05 indicates statistical significance Competence levels and care needs Among the older adults with mild dementia, 70.8% were mildly impaired, 24.7% were moderately impaired and only 4.5% were severely impaired. The total number of care needs scores for mildly, moderately and severely impaired were (58.74 ± 9.008), (78.45 ± 6.840) and (99.67 ± 6.840) respectively, and the difference with the care needs scores was statistically significant ( P < 0.05) (Table 2). Older adults with mild dementia of different ability levels had high health care needs. For activities of daily living and psychological comfort, needs increased significantly with the severity of impairment and decreased with worsening impairment in environmental care and social participation (Table 3). Table 2 Distribution of comprehensive ability levels of older adults with mild dementia (n=267) Variable Frequency（n） Component ratio（%） community care service needs scores (x̄± S) F P- value Ability levels 70.484 ＜0．001 Lightly impaired 189 70.8 66.16±6.935 Moderately impaired 66 24.7 74.41±6.554 Severely impaired 12 4.5 85.83±9.504 Note：x̄± S mean ±standard deviation, P ＜0.05 indicates statistical significance Table 3 Table of community care service needs scores (x̄± S) for different ability levels of older adults with mild dementia (n=267) Dimension lightly impaired moderately impaired severely impaired Daily life care 14.29±2.730 26.02±3.545 40.67±4.313 Health care services care 23.11±3.460 22.11±3.064 22.83±4.303 Psychiatric care 8.97±1.957 12.18±1.992 14.17±2.691 Home environment care 9.49±1.703 8.88±1.669 6.83±0.835 social participation 9.42±1.938 8.18±0.858 5.67±21.875 Note：x̄± S mean ±standard deviation Analysis of factors influencing the demand for care We included these statistically different variables as independent variables, specifically age, marital status, history of alcohol consumption, whether or not they do exercise, whether or not they are accompanied by other chronic diseases, residential status, and older adults ability class, in a multiple linear regression model, and the results showed that age, marital status, history of alcohol consumption, whether they do exercise, whether they are accompanied by other chronic diseases, and older adults ability class as mild dementia. The results showed that age, marital status, history of alcohol consumption, whether they do exercise, whether they are accompanied by other chronic diseases, and older adults' ability class as mild dementia were the independent factors influencing the care needs of older adults (Table 4). Table 4 Multiple linear regression analyses of factors influencing the community care service needs of older adults with mild dementia Variable Unstandardized Coefficients Standardized Coefficients t P Colliearity Statistics B Std.Erro Beta Tolerance VIF （constants） 61.144 3.149 19.417 0.000 Levels of competence Lightly impaired Reference Moderately impaired 2.703 1.074 0.136 2.518 0.012 0.630 1.588 Severely impaired 12.673 1.965 0.306 6.449 0.000 0.815 1.227 Marital status have spouse Reference Without Spouse 1.006 0.549 0.099 1.832 0.068 0.628 1.591 Drinking No Reference Yes -2.027 0.746 -0.118 -2.7174 0.007 0.975 1.026 Physical exercise No Reference Yes 2.800 0.846 0.162 3.308 0.001 0.762 1.312 With chronic diseases No Reference Yes -2.472 0.840 -0.130 -2.942 0.004 0.932 1.072 Age 60-69 years Reference 70-79 years 2.366 0.908 0.136 2.607 0.010 0..674 1.485 80 years and above 9.475 1.478 0.354 6.411 0.000 0.603 1.659 Residence Live by oneself Reference Living with children 4.686 1.213 0.267 3.861 0.000 0.382 2.617 Living with spouse 4.003 1.331 0.232 3.007 0.003 0.308 3.251 Note: Dependent variable: community care service needs score, adjusted R²= 0.512, P ＜0.05 indicates statistical significance DISCUSSION According to the results of this study, as older adults' abilities decline, their need for long-term care services increases accordingly, and there are differences in the care needs of older adults with different abilities. Among the patients with mildly impaired abilities, 189 cases (70.8%) had the highest percentage, which may be related to the characteristics of mild dementia, in which the condition of dementia patients is in the first stage, i.e. mild dementia, and their ability to perform activities of daily living is still acceptable (Nicosia et al., 2022 ), who concluded that the ability of older adults is one of the important reasons affecting the long-term care needs of older adults with mild dementia. Some studies have shown that the lower the ability of older adults, the higher the need for care (Kudlicka et al., 2023 ). Healthcare services and psychological comfort are the main care needs of older adults with mild dementia, and the need for healthcare services and psychological comfort is higher among older adults with mild dementia of different ability levels, which may be related to the patients' increased cognitive dysfunction and urgent need for specialized care. Some scholars have also found that among the long-term care needs of older adults with mild dementia, care for cognitive function and psychiatric symptoms must be accompanied by a long period of time (Holden et al., 2019 ). This study also found that the need for daily care of mildly demented older adults increased significantly as the level of disability worsened, which is consistent with the results of a study in the United States (Tucker-Roghi et al, In addition, in terms of environmental care and social participation, the social participation of mildly demented older adults relied mainly on the help of others as their disability worsened, resulting in a decrease in their social participation, which may be due to the fact that their physical dysfunction limited the extent and time of their participation in social activities (Sommerlad et al., 2023 ). In conclusion, slowing the rate of impairment in mildly demented older adults and improving their ability to live independently is crucial to reducing the burden on family and society and improving the quality of life of mildly demented older adults. The present study found that the older the age of older adults with mild dementia, the higher the needs score. Analyzing the reasons for this, on the one hand, with increasing age, patients' self-care abilities gradually decline, requiring caregivers to devote more effort to helping patients and meeting their physical needs (Kingston et al., 2017 ). On the other hand, with increasing age and further progression of dementia, patients' cognitive function gradually declines, their problem behaviors increase, their adaptability to the environment deteriorates, their sense of security decreases, their subjective feelings of vulnerability and loneliness increase, and their own thresholds for being cared for increase (Soleimani et al., 20–21).They need attention not only to meet their daily living and environmental needs, such as eating, bathing, falling and wandering, but also their psychological and social needs, such as socialization, intimacy and going out. We also need to pay attention to their psychological and social needs such as socialization, intimacy and activities. Marital status was included in the multiple linear regression equation in this study, and compared with mildly demented older adults with spouses, the care needs of mildly demented older adults without spouses were higher because mildly demented older adults were used to the environment and rhythm of living with their spouses, and the change in living environment after widowhood may cause them more difficulties in self-care and accelerate the rate of decline in their cognitive functions and abilities (Singham et al, 2021 ), and psychologically, after widowhood, the mildly demented older adults do not have their spouses as the closest object of emotional intimacy, they may become more introverted or anxious, with a more urgent need for companionship and understanding from those around them (Wu-Chung et al., 2022 ). In addition, spouses are an important part of older adults' social networks, and this social support link is broken after widowhood. Older adults with mild dementia may become alienated from their original social circles (Perry et al., 2021 ). Therefore, we need to pay more attention to the care of unmarried older adults with mild dementia, and when providing care services, we should be able to mobilize their positive emotions, improve the self-management skills and social participation of unmarried older adults with mild dementia, so that they can adapt better to social life. In the living situation of this study, the care needs of mildly demented older adults living with their children are higher, which may be because mildly demented older adults living with their children become overly dependent on the care of their family members and gradually lose the ability to take care of themselves (Nunes et al., 2016 ).Therefore, when children live with mildly demented older adults, they should respect the older adults' personality and feelings, not hurt their self-esteem, communicate with them in a friendly way, and not easily negate their demands, and help the patients establish positive beliefs and attitudes towards rehabilitation. This study also found that the level of competence of older adults with mild dementia was predominantly mild and was accompanied by other chronic conditions in 79.6% of the population. As the number of chronic conditions increases, so does the level of impairment in older adults with mild dementia (Kristensen et al., 2017 ). Some academic studies show that chronic care has become the main demand for long-term care services for older adults (Archer et al., 2014 ). Chronic diseases have a high disability rate, and prevention and treatment of chronic diseases are important to improve the quality of life of disabled older adults. While focusing on the needs of disabled older adults, we should also strengthen chronic disease care services, consider chronic disease prevention and care as an important element of long-term care, actively carry out health education activities for hypertension, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, stroke, etc., and formulate case-specific long-term care services so that disabled older adults can receive holistic and comprehensive care. In addition, the present study reveals an important finding: older adults who regularly participate in sport and exercise have relatively lower care needs. A large body of research has shown that exercise can have a significant positive effect on cognitive function in older adults (Lenze et al, 2022 ). Physiologically, exercise can help to increase blood flow to the brain, provide sufficient oxygen and nutrients to neurons, thus maintaining normal brain structure and function and slowing the process of cognitive decline (Casaletto et al., 2020 ); psychologically, exercise creates opportunities for social interaction among older people, enriches their spiritual lives and effectively reduces loneliness, depression and other negative emotions, which has a positive effect on maintaining cognitive function (Swinnen et al., 2021 ). In light of this, it is particularly important to encourage older adults with mild dementia to actively engage in physical activity, which may not only slow cognitive ageing, but is also a key intervention to improve the quality of life of older adults with mild dementia and reduce the burden of care. To our knowledge, this study is one of the few in-depth studies to examine the care needs of older adults with mild dementia in the Chinese community. Second, this study provides a comprehensive examination of the care needs of older adults with mild dementia in terms of activities of daily living, medical environmental services, psychological comfort, home environment and social participation, thus providing valuable insights for the development of quality care programs specifically tailored to older adults in China. Limitations There are several limitations to this study. Firstly, our findings may not be generalizable and may not apply to noncommunity groups. In addition, we only studied older adults with mild dementia, so future studies should be extended to the whole population of older adults with dementia. Finally, due to the cross-sectional design of this study, we were not able to determine causal relationships between variables, highlighting the need for more comprehensive longitudinal data. CONCLUSIONS In summary, the care needs of older adults with mild dementia are differentiated at each stage of impairment. As the level of impairment increases, so does the need for care. In addition, the age factor should not be ignored. In general, the older adults with mild dementia are, the more chronic illnesses they have and the greater their need for care services. When formulating care plans, it is necessary to take into account the marital status and living situation of the patients, and to tailor a comprehensive care strategy based on the unique situation of each older adult and their personal needs, in order to slow down the rate of cognitive decline and improve the quality of life of older adults with mild dementia, thus helping them to enjoy their twilight years in peace. Declarations Conflict of Interest Statement The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Ethics Statement This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Xuzhou Medical University (Approval No. XZHMUz-24115).Written informed consent was obtained from all participants. All methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations. Funding This work was supported by the State Key Laboratory Programme (JSH202408). Author Contribution ST and SX developed the study idea and design, collected data, conducted data analysis, and drafted the manuscript. ML helped collect data, conducted data analysis, and searched literature. JL contributed to the manuscript revision. DS provided critical feedback on the manuscript. XT and YC helped with the study design and manuscript revision. All authors critically reviewed the manuscript and approved the final version. References Yang, C, Li, X, Zhang, J, et al. 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A comparison of the Cognitive Function and Ageing Studies (CFAS). LANCET. 2017; 390 (10103): 1676-1684. Soleimani, L, Ravona-Springer, R, Lin, HM, et al. Specific Dimensions of Depression Have Different Associations With Cognitive Decline in Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes. DIABETES CARE. 2021; 44 (3): 655-662. Singham, T, Bell, G, Saunders, R, et al. Widowhood and cognitive decline in adults aged 50 and over: A systematic review and meta-analysis. AGEING RES REV. 2021; 71:101461. Wu-Chung, EL, Leal, SL, Denny, BT, et al. Spousal caregiving, widowhood, and cognition: A systematic review and a biopsychosocial framework for understanding the relationship between interpersonal losses and dementia risk in older adulthood. NEUROSCI BIOBEHAV R. 2022; 134 104487. Perry, BL, McConnell, WR, Coleman, ME, et al. Why the cognitive "fountain of youth" may be upstream: Pathways to dementia risk and resilience through social connectedness. ALZHEIMERS DEMENT. 2021; 18 (5): 934-941. Nunes, W, Dias, F, Nascimento, J, et al. Cognition, functionality and depression indicative among elderly REV RENE. 2016; 17 (1): 103. Kristensen, MAT, Hølge-Hazelton, B, Waldorff, FB, et al. How general practitioners perceive and assess self-care in patients with multiple chronic conditions: a qualitative study. BMC Fam Pract. 2017; 18 (1): 109. Archer, N, Keshavjee, K, Demers, C, et al. Online self-management interventions fochronically ill patients: cognitive impairment and technology issues. INT J MED INFORM. 2014; 83 (4): 264-72. Global, regional, and national burden of diseases and injuries for adults 70 years and older: systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease 2019 Study. BMJ. 2022; 376: e068208. Lenze, EJ, Voegtle, M, Miller, JP, et al. Effects of Mindfulness Training and Exercise on Cognitive Function in Older Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC. 2022; 328 (22): 2218-2229. Casaletto, KB, Staffaroni, AM, Wolf, A, et al. Active lifestyles moderate clinical outcomes in autosomal dominant frontotemporal degeneration. ALZHEIMERS DEMENT. 2020; 16 (1): 91-105. Swinnen, N, Vandenbulcke, M, de Bruin, ED, et al. The efficacy of exergaming in people with major neurocognitive disorder residing in long-term care facilities: a pilot randomized controlled trial. Alzheimers Res Ther. 2021; 13 (1): 70. Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 16 May, 2025 Read the published version in BMC Nursing → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 17 Feb, 2025 Editor assigned by journal 17 Feb, 2025 Submission checks completed at journal 14 Feb, 2025 First submitted to journal 05 Feb, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. 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According to data from the seventh national census, by the end of 2020, the number of older adults aged 60 and over in China had exceeded 264\u0026nbsp;million, accounting for 18.7% of the country's total population (Yang et al, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e), and the number of older adults with dementia was also increasing, with epidemiological studies showing that the prevalence of dementia was around 6% among older adults aged 60 years and over, and that the prevalence among older adults aged 85 years and over had risen to 20% (Prince et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR2\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2012\u003c/span\u003e). It is expected that by 2030, China's older population aged 60 and above with dementia will reach 16.45\u0026nbsp;million (Jia et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR4\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2019\u003c/span\u003e), accounting for a quarter of the world's older population with dementia. Dementia has become one of the major causes of health problems and even death among the older adults, after cardiovascular diseases, cerebrovascular diseases and tumor, and has also imposes a heavy burden on the state, society and families. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the total global economic cost of dementia will be about \u003cspan\u003e$\u003c/span\u003e1.7 trillion by 2030, and in China, up to \u003cspan\u003e$\u003c/span\u003e168\u0026nbsp;billion is spent annually on dementia patients (Jia et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR5\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2018\u003c/span\u003e). Not only that, the symptoms and pathogenesis of dementia in older adults also determine the high demands on caregivers, and research shows that caregivers suffer from lack of expertise and energy, among other things (Xia et al., 2017).At the same time, when faced with the appearance of agitation, wandering and other behavioral psychological symptoms in older adults with dementia, caregivers are very prone to anxiety, depression and other emotions, which seriously affects their physical and mental health (Wang et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR7\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2022\u003c/span\u003e). Therefore, how to delay the development of dementia in older adults, reduce the burden on families and society, and improve the quality of life of older adults with dementia and their caregivers has become a hot social issue that we urgently need to solve.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDementia, refers to dysfunction in one or more cognitive domains to the extent that the cognitive impairment affects the patient's ability to carry out activities of daily living independently (Kuehn et al., 2021). Depending on the severity of the disease, it can be classified as mild, moderate or severe. If older adults with dementia are in the first stage of dementia, i.e. mild dementia, early intervention at this stage may help to slow the progression of dementia. The results of a study showed that older adults with mild dementia who regularly engaged in high-intensity activities such as word games, had better cognitive performance in terms of memory, working memory, attention, and processing speed (Aniwattanapong et al., 2023) .A study showed that a significant negative correlation between social activity and the onset of mild dementia (Coleman et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR10\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2023\u003c/span\u003e), and an intervention study showed that regular exercise interventions slowed the progression of cognitive impairment in older adults with mild dementia (Harwood et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR11\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2023\u003c/span\u003e). In summary, current research on the care of older adults with mild dementia is characterized by singularity and fragmentation, and there are very few studies that have looked at the care of older adults with mild dementia according to the specific ability levels of older adults with mild dementia. There are few studies that focus on the care needs of older adults with mild dementia according to specific different levels of ability, and that focus comprehensively on the care needs of older adults with mild dementia from the aspects of daily living, medical services, environmental care, psychological comfort, and social participation.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTherefore, this study aims to systematically investigate the impairment status of patients with mild dementia, analyze the care needs of patients with different levels of impairment in activities of daily living, medical services, environmental care, psychological comfort, social participation and other aspects and their influencing factors, in order to provide a solid basis for the development of a scientific, effective and personalized supportive care programs.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"METHODS","content":"\u003cdiv id=\"Sec3\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eStudy design and participants\u0026rsquo; recruitment\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eA cross-sectional survey method was used to select 267 older adults with mild dementia from April to July 2024 in three communities in Xuzhou City, China. Inclusion criteria: 1) older adults with mild dementia, aged 60 years or older, diagnosed in a hospital and according to the International Classification of Diseases, 10th edition (ICD.10); 2) mild on the Brief Mental Status Examination (MMSE) scale; 3) subjects understood the questionnaire content and questions, gave informed consent, and voluntarily participated in this study. Exclusion criteria included: 1) cognitive impairment due to confirmed psychiatric illness; 2) confusion and inability to express themselves; and 3) severe hearing impairment. Patients were also excluded if they were recovering from an acute or serious illness (e.g., stroke, cardiovascular disease, malignancy, or severe renal impairment).\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eData collection\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eData were collected through face-to-face interviews in a community health center. Two postgraduate nurses from our research group acted as investigators and received standardized training. The investigators explained the meaning and purpose of the study to the patients, read the questions on the questionnaire to the participants, and completed the questionnaires based on their answers. They were not given any clues about the questions or answers. The average time it took an investigator to complete a questionnaire was 15 minutes, and all questionnaires were collected on the spot.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eMeasurement\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"Sec6\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eCare needs\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe researchers developed the questionnaire based on the Chinese expert consensus on dementia care (Zhu et al., 2023). A preliminary version of the questionnaire was sent to eight experts in geriatrics and public health for evaluation before the formal survey. The questionnaire was discussed and revised based on the experts' opinions. In this study, the item-level content validity index (I-CVI) ranged from 0.86 to 1.00; the scale-level content validity index (S-CVI) was 0.96; and the inter-rater agreement was 0.85. The final questionnaire created for this study consisted of two parts. The first part was general information about older adults with mild dementia. The second part of the questionnaire was a questionnaire on care needs (27 items in total), including daily living care (10 items), health services care (6 items), psychological care (4 items), home environment care (4 items), and social participation (3 items), where each item was a single-item choice, The second part of the questionnaire was scored on a 5-point Likert scale from 1 to 5 for very little need, no need, need, great need, and very great need, with higher scores indicating greater care needs.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eCapacity assessment of older adults\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBased on the \"Specification for Elderly Ability Assessment\" (GB/T 42195\u0026thinsp;\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;2022) issued and implemented by the State Administration for Market Supervision and Administration of China and the National Standardization Administration of China, the ability level assessment of mildly demented older adults includes four first-level indicators of self-care ability, basic motor ability, mental state, sensory and social participation, and 26 second-level indicators, with a total score of 90 points, and the ability level assessment of older adults is as follows. The ability level of older adults was determined as follows: level 0 is intact, level 1 is mildly impaired, level 2 is moderately impaired, level 3 is severely impaired and level 4 is a complete loss of ability.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec8\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eCognitive function\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eCognitive function was assessed using the Chinese version of the Modified Mental State Examination (MMSE)(Cui et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR14\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2011\u003c/span\u003e), which consists of 19 items assessing 7 cognitive domains, including temporal orientation, spatial orientation, transient memory, attention and calculation, and delayed memory, Verbal and visuospatial abilities, with a total score of 30 points, with one point awarded for each correct answer, scored as 21\u0026ndash;26 points for the MMSE in mild dementia, 10\u0026ndash;20 points for the MMSE in moderate dementia, and 0\u0026ndash;9 points for severe dementia, depending on the severity of the dementia. The MMSE is the most influential international screening tool for cognitive deficits (Cui et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR14\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2011\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec9\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eData analysis\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eData were analyzed from Excel imported into SPSS 26.0. Frequency statistics were performed for all characteristics of the study population and expressed as component proportions. Care needs scores were expressed as mean\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;standard deviation. Independent samples t-tests and one-way ANOVA were used to compare differences in demographic variables, older adults' levels of competence and care needs, with statistical significance set at \u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.05. Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to assess the independence of the variables from each other. The confidence level was 95%, with \u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.05 indicating a statistically significant difference.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"RESULTS","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDemographic characteristics\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis study investigated 267 resident mildly demented older adults aged 60 years and older in the urban community of Xuzhou, including 137 males and 130 females, with a sex ratio of 1:1.05. In terms of age distribution, older adults aged 70-79 years accounted for the highest proportion of respondents (55.4%), while older adults aged 80 years and older accounted for the lowest proportion of respondents (9.4%). The educational level of respondents was generally low, with only 34.8% having completed junior high school or higher and 42.3% having completed primary school. In terms of income, 28.1% of respondents had a monthly per capita income of less than RMB 1,000 and 39.0% had a monthly per capita income of between RMB 1,000 and RMB 2,999, indicating that the majority of respondents had a relatively low income level. In terms of marital status, 78.3% of respondents had a spouse, of whom 52.4% lived with their spouse and 41.9% lived with their children. In addition, 79.4% of respondents had other chronic illnesses. Only 33.7% of respondents had pension insurance, but 93.6% of them had health insurance. In terms of lifestyle habits, 40.4% of respondents smoke, 47.2% drink alcohol and more than half (55.1%) do not exercise. There was a statistically significant difference (\u003cem\u003eP\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u0026lt; 0.05) between age, marital status, place of residence, whether they exercised, whether they had other chronic conditions, and\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;care needs scores\u0026nbsp;(Table 1).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTable 1 Univariate screening of general information and community care service needs of older adults with mild dementia（n=267）\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"595\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 27.0134%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eVariable\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 22.1477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.2617%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFrequency（%）\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.4497%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ecommunity care service needs \u0026nbsp;Score（x̄\u0026plusmn;S）\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eF（\u003cem\u003et\u003c/em\u003e）\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eP-\u003c/em\u003evalue\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 27.0134%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGender\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 22.1477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.2617%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.4497%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 27.0134%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 22.1477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.2617%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e137（51.3）\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.4497%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e69.88\u0026plusmn;8.908\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.563\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.119\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 27.0134%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 22.1477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFemale\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.2617%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e130（48.7）\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.4497%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e68.25\u0026plusmn;8.132\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 27.0134%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAge\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 22.1477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.2617%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.4497%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e55.781\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e＜\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.001\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 27.0134%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 22.1477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e60-69 years\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.2617%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e81（30.3）\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.4497%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e64.25\u0026plusmn;6.061\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 27.0134%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 22.1477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e70-79 years\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.2617%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e155（58.1）\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.4497%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e69.36\u0026plusmn;7.206\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 27.0134%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 22.1477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eover80years\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.2617%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31（11.6）\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.4497%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e80.35\u0026plusmn;9.898\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 27.0134%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMarital status\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 22.1477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.2617%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.4497%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-2.478\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.014\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 27.0134%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 22.1477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eWithout spouse\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.2617%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e62（23.2）\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.4497%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e71.44\u0026plusmn;10.271\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 27.0134%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 22.1477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHave spouse\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.2617%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e205（76.8）\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.4497%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e68.38\u0026plusmn;7.920\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 27.0134%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEducation level\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 22.1477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.2617%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.4497%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.214\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.305\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 27.0134%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 22.1477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIlliteracy\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.2617%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e61（22.8）\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.4497%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e69.33\u0026plusmn;6.882\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 27.0134%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 22.1477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePrimary school\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.2617%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e113（42.3）\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.4497%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e69.66\u0026plusmn;8.905\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 27.0134%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 22.1477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eJunior high school\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.2617%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e81（30.3）\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.4497%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e68.73\u0026plusmn;9.422\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 27.0134%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 22.1477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHigh school and above\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.2617%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12（4.5）\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.4497%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e64.83\u0026plusmn;7.284\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 27.0134%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eResidence\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 22.1477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.2617%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.4497%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.571\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e＜\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.001\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 27.0134%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 22.1477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLive by oneself\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.2617%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e39（14.6）\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.4497%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e65.26\u0026plusmn;5.491\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 27.0134%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 22.1477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLiving with children\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.2617%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e107（40.1）\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.4497%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e71.72\u0026plusmn;9.342\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 27.0134%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 22.1477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLiving with spouse\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.2617%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e121（45.3）\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.4497%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e67.99\u0026plusmn;7.971\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 27.0134%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eWith chronic diseases\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 22.1477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.2617%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.4497%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.968\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e＜\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.001\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 27.0134%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 22.1477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.2617%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e190（71.2）\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.4497%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e70.61\u0026plusmn;8.555\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 27.0134%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 22.1477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.2617%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e77（28.8）\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.4497%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e65.34\u0026plusmn;7.544\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 27.0134%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003epension insurance\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 22.1477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.2617%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.4497%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 27.0134%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 22.1477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.2617%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e90（33.7）\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.4497%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e68.57\u0026plusmn;8.491\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.708\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.483\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 27.0134%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 22.1477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.2617%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e177（66.3）\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.4497%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e69.35\u0026plusmn;8.668\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 27.0134%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ehealth insurance\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 22.1477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.2617%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.4497%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.136\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.893\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 27.0134%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 22.1477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.2617%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e250（93.6）\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.4497%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e69.10\u0026plusmn;8.643\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 27.0134%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 22.1477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.2617%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17（6.4）\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.4497%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e68.82\u0026plusmn;8.202\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 27.0134%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSmoking\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 22.1477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.2617%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.4497%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.982\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.03\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 27.0134%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 22.1477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.2617%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e108（40.4）\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.4497%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e69.27\u0026plusmn;9.355\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 27.0134%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 22.1477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.2617%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e159（59.6）\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.4497%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e68.96\u0026plusmn;8.092\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 27.0134%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDrinking\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 22.1477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.2617%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.4497%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-7.391\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e＜\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.001\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 27.0134%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 22.1477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.2617%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e126（47.2）\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.4497%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e70.72\u0026plusmn;8.375\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 27.0134%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 22.1477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.2617%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e141（52.8）\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.4497%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e67.62\u0026plusmn;8.238\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 27.0134%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePhysical exercise\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 22.1477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.2617%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.4497%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-4.075\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e＜\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.001\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 27.0134%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 22.1477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.2617%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e126（47.2）\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.4497%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e65.16\u0026plusmn;5.969\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 27.0134%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 22.1477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.2617%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e141（52.8）\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.4497%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e72.29\u0026plusmn;9.904\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 27.0134%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMonthly fixed income（yuan）\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 22.1477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.2617%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.4497%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.406\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.749\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 27.0134%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 22.1477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLess than 1000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.2617%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e75（28.1）\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.4497%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e68.35\u0026plusmn;7.188\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 27.0134%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 22.1477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1000-2999\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.2617%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e104（39.0）\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.4497%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e68.99\u0026plusmn;9.201\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 27.0134%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 22.1477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3000-4999\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.2617%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e51（19.1）\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.4497%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e68.82\u0026plusmn;9.975\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 27.0134%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 22.1477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5000 or more\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.2617%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e37（13.8）\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.4497%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e69.84\u0026plusmn;7.581\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.56376%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNote: x̄\u0026plusmn; S mean \u0026plusmn;standard deviation, \u003cem\u003eP\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e＜0.05 indicates statistical significance\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCompetence levels and care needs\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAmong the older adults with mild dementia, 70.8% were mildly impaired, 24.7% were moderately impaired and only 4.5% were severely impaired. The total number of care needs scores for mildly, moderately and severely impaired were (58.74 \u0026plusmn; 9.008), (78.45 \u0026plusmn; 6.840) and (99.67 \u0026plusmn; 6.840) respectively, and the difference with the care needs scores was statistically significant (\u003cem\u003eP\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u0026lt; 0.05) (Table 2). Older adults with mild dementia of different ability levels had high health care needs. For activities of daily living and psychological comfort, needs increased significantly with the severity of impairment and decreased with worsening impairment in environmental care and social participation\u0026nbsp;(Table 3).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTable 2 Distribution of comprehensive ability levels of older adults with mild dementia (n=267)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 20.434%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eVariable\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 13.3816%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFrequency（n）\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 21.3382%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eComponent ratio（%）\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.5931%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ecommunity care service needs scores (x̄\u0026plusmn; S)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.58409%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eF\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10.6691%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eP-\u003c/em\u003evalue\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 20.434%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAbility levels\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 13.3816%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 21.3382%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.5931%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.58409%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e70.484\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10.6691%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e＜0．001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 20.434%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLightly impaired\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 13.3816%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e189\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 21.3382%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e70.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.5931%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e66.16\u0026plusmn;6.935\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.58409%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10.6691%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 20.434%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eModerately impaired\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 13.3816%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e66\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 21.3382%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24.7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.5931%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e74.41\u0026plusmn;6.554\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.58409%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10.6691%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 20.434%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSeverely impaired\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 13.3816%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 21.3382%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.5931%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e85.83\u0026plusmn;9.504\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.58409%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10.6691%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNote：x̄\u0026plusmn; S mean \u0026plusmn;standard deviation, \u003cem\u003eP\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e＜0.05 indicates statistical significance\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTable 3 Table of community care service needs scores (x̄\u0026plusmn; S) for different ability levels of older adults with mild dementia (n=267)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 29.3796%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDimension\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 22.4453%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003elightly impaired\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.0876%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003emoderately impaired\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.0876%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eseverely impaired\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 29.3796%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDaily life care\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 22.4453%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14.29\u0026plusmn;2.730\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.0876%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26.02\u0026plusmn;3.545\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.0876%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e40.67\u0026plusmn;4.313\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 29.3796%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHealth care services care\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 22.4453%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23.11\u0026plusmn;3.460\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.0876%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22.11\u0026plusmn;3.064\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.0876%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22.83\u0026plusmn;4.303\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 29.3796%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePsychiatric care\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 22.4453%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.97\u0026plusmn;1.957\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.0876%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.18\u0026plusmn;1.992\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.0876%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14.17\u0026plusmn;2.691\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 29.3796%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHome environment care\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 22.4453%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.49\u0026plusmn;1.703\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.0876%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.88\u0026plusmn;1.669\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.0876%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.83\u0026plusmn;0.835\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 29.3796%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003esocial participation\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 22.4453%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.42\u0026plusmn;1.938\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.0876%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.18\u0026plusmn;0.858\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.0876%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.67\u0026plusmn;21.875\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNote：x̄\u0026plusmn; S mean \u0026plusmn;standard deviation\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAnalysis of factors influencing the demand for care\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe included these statistically different variables as independent variables, specifically age, marital status, history of alcohol consumption, whether or not they do exercise, whether or not they are accompanied by other chronic diseases, residential status, and older adults ability class, in a multiple linear regression model, and the results showed that age, marital status, history of alcohol consumption, whether they do exercise, whether they are accompanied by other chronic diseases, and older adults ability class as mild dementia. The results showed that age, marital status, history of alcohol consumption, whether they do exercise, whether they are accompanied by other chronic diseases, and older adults\u0026apos; ability class as mild dementia were the independent factors influencing the care needs of older adults (Table 4).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTable 4 Multiple linear regression analyses of factors influencing the community care service needs of older adults with mild dementia\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"699\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.5966%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eVariable\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.5966%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 12.1602%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUnstandardized\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCoefficients\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.44206%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 12.1602%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eStandardized\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCoefficients\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 8.15451%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003et\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 6.72389%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.166%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eColliearity Statistics\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.5966%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.5966%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 12.1602%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eB\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.44206%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eStd.Erro\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 12.1602%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBeta\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.15451%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 6.72389%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.44206%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTolerance\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 6.72389%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eVIF\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.5966%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e（constants）\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.5966%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 12.1602%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e61.144\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.44206%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.149\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 12.1602%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.15451%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19.417\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 6.72389%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.44206%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 6.72389%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.5966%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLevels of competence\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.5966%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLightly impaired\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 12.1602%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eReference\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.44206%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 12.1602%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.15451%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 6.72389%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.44206%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 6.72389%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.5966%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.5966%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eModerately impaired\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 12.1602%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.703\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.44206%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.074\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 12.1602%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.136\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.15451%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.518\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 6.72389%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.012\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.44206%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.630\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 6.72389%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.588\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.5966%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.5966%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSeverely impaired\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 12.1602%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.673\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.44206%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.965\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 12.1602%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.306\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.15451%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.449\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 6.72389%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.44206%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.815\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 6.72389%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.227\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.5966%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMarital status\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.5966%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ehave spouse\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 12.1602%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eReference\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.44206%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 12.1602%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.15451%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 6.72389%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.44206%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 6.72389%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.5966%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.5966%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eWithout Spouse\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 12.1602%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.006\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.44206%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.549\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 12.1602%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.099\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.15451%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.832\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 6.72389%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.068\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.44206%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.628\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 6.72389%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.591\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.5966%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDrinking\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.5966%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 12.1602%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eReference\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.44206%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 12.1602%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.15451%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 6.72389%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.44206%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 6.72389%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.5966%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.5966%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 12.1602%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-2.027\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.44206%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.746\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 12.1602%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.118\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.15451%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-2.7174\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 6.72389%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.007\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.44206%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.975\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 6.72389%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.026\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.5966%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePhysical exercise\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.5966%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 12.1602%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eReference\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.44206%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 12.1602%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.15451%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 6.72389%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.44206%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 6.72389%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.5966%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.5966%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 12.1602%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.800\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.44206%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.846\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 12.1602%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.162\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.15451%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.308\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 6.72389%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.44206%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.762\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 6.72389%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.312\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.5966%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eWith chronic diseases\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.5966%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 12.1602%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eReference\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.44206%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 12.1602%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.15451%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 6.72389%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.44206%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 6.72389%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.5966%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.5966%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 12.1602%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-2.472\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.44206%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.840\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 12.1602%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.130\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.15451%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-2.942\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 6.72389%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.004\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.44206%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.932\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 6.72389%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.072\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.5966%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAge\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.5966%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e60-69 years\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 12.1602%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eReference\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.44206%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 12.1602%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.15451%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 6.72389%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.44206%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 6.72389%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.5966%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.5966%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e70-79 years\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 12.1602%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.366\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.44206%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.908\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 12.1602%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.136\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.15451%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.607\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 6.72389%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.010\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.44206%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0..674\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 6.72389%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.485\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.5966%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.5966%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e80 years and above\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 12.1602%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.475\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.44206%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.478\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 12.1602%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.354\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.15451%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.411\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 6.72389%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.44206%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.603\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 6.72389%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.659\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.5966%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eResidence\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.5966%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLive by oneself\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 12.1602%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eReference\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.44206%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 12.1602%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.15451%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 6.72389%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.44206%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 6.72389%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.5966%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.5966%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLiving with children\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 12.1602%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.686\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.44206%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.213\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 12.1602%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.267\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.15451%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.861\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 6.72389%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.44206%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.382\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 6.72389%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.617\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.5966%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.5966%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLiving with spouse\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 12.1602%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.003\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.44206%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.331\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 12.1602%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.232\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.15451%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.007\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 6.72389%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.003\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.44206%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.308\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 6.72389%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.251\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNote: Dependent variable: community care service needs score, adjusted R\u0026sup2;= 0.512, \u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e＜0.05 indicates statistical significance\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"DISCUSSION","content":"\u003cp\u003eAccording to the results of this study, as older adults' abilities decline, their need for long-term care services increases accordingly, and there are differences in the care needs of older adults with different abilities. Among the patients with mildly impaired abilities, 189 cases (70.8%) had the highest percentage, which may be related to the characteristics of mild dementia, in which the condition of dementia patients is in the first stage, i.e. mild dementia, and their ability to perform activities of daily living is still acceptable (Nicosia et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR15\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2022\u003c/span\u003e), who concluded that the ability of older adults is one of the important reasons affecting the long-term care needs of older adults with mild dementia. Some studies have shown that the lower the ability of older adults, the higher the need for care (Kudlicka et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR16\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2023\u003c/span\u003e). Healthcare services and psychological comfort are the main care needs of older adults with mild dementia, and the need for healthcare services and psychological comfort is higher among older adults with mild dementia of different ability levels, which may be related to the patients' increased cognitive dysfunction and urgent need for specialized care. Some scholars have also found that among the long-term care needs of older adults with mild dementia, care for cognitive function and psychiatric symptoms must be accompanied by a long period of time (Holden et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2019\u003c/span\u003e). This study also found that the need for daily care of mildly demented older adults increased significantly as the level of disability worsened, which is consistent with the results of a study in the United States (Tucker-Roghi et al, In addition, in terms of environmental care and social participation, the social participation of mildly demented older adults relied mainly on the help of others as their disability worsened, resulting in a decrease in their social participation, which may be due to the fact that their physical dysfunction limited the extent and time of their participation in social activities (Sommerlad et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR19\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2023\u003c/span\u003e). In conclusion, slowing the rate of impairment in mildly demented older adults and improving their ability to live independently is crucial to reducing the burden on family and society and improving the quality of life of mildly demented older adults.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe present study found that the older the age of older adults with mild dementia, the higher the needs score. Analyzing the reasons for this, on the one hand, with increasing age, patients' self-care abilities gradually decline, requiring caregivers to devote more effort to helping patients and meeting their physical needs (Kingston et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR20\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e). On the other hand, with increasing age and further progression of dementia, patients' cognitive function gradually declines, their problem behaviors increase, their adaptability to the environment deteriorates, their sense of security decreases, their subjective feelings of vulnerability and loneliness increase, and their own thresholds for being cared for increase (Soleimani et al., 20\u0026ndash;21).They need attention not only to meet their daily living and environmental needs, such as eating, bathing, falling and wandering, but also their psychological and social needs, such as socialization, intimacy and going out. We also need to pay attention to their psychological and social needs such as socialization, intimacy and activities.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMarital status was included in the multiple linear regression equation in this study, and compared with mildly demented older adults with spouses, the care needs of mildly demented older adults without spouses were higher because mildly demented older adults were used to the environment and rhythm of living with their spouses, and the change in living environment after widowhood may cause them more difficulties in self-care and accelerate the rate of decline in their cognitive functions and abilities (Singham et al, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR22\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e), and psychologically, after widowhood, the mildly demented older adults do not have their spouses as the closest object of emotional intimacy, they may become more introverted or anxious, with a more urgent need for companionship and understanding from those around them (Wu-Chung et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR23\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2022\u003c/span\u003e). In addition, spouses are an important part of older adults' social networks, and this social support link is broken after widowhood. Older adults with mild dementia may become alienated from their original social circles (Perry et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR24\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e). Therefore, we need to pay more attention to the care of unmarried older adults with mild dementia, and when providing care services, we should be able to mobilize their positive emotions, improve the self-management skills and social participation of unmarried older adults with mild dementia, so that they can adapt better to social life.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn the living situation of this study, the care needs of mildly demented older adults living with their children are higher, which may be because mildly demented older adults living with their children become overly dependent on the care of their family members and gradually lose the ability to take care of themselves (Nunes et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR25\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2016\u003c/span\u003e).Therefore, when children live with mildly demented older adults, they should respect the older adults' personality and feelings, not hurt their self-esteem, communicate with them in a friendly way, and not easily negate their demands, and help the patients establish positive beliefs and attitudes towards rehabilitation.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis study also found that the level of competence of older adults with mild dementia was predominantly mild and was accompanied by other chronic conditions in 79.6% of the population. As the number of chronic conditions increases, so does the level of impairment in older adults with mild dementia (Kristensen et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR26\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e). Some academic studies show that chronic care has become the main demand for long-term care services for older adults (Archer et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR27\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2014\u003c/span\u003e). Chronic diseases have a high disability rate, and prevention and treatment of chronic diseases are important to improve the quality of life of disabled older adults. While focusing on the needs of disabled older adults, we should also strengthen chronic disease care services, consider chronic disease prevention and care as an important element of long-term care, actively carry out health education activities for hypertension, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, stroke, etc., and formulate case-specific long-term care services so that disabled older adults can receive holistic and comprehensive care.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn addition, the present study reveals an important finding: older adults who regularly participate in sport and exercise have relatively lower care needs. A large body of research has shown that exercise can have a significant positive effect on cognitive function in older adults (Lenze et al, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR29\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2022\u003c/span\u003e). Physiologically, exercise can help to increase blood flow to the brain, provide sufficient oxygen and nutrients to neurons, thus maintaining normal brain structure and function and slowing the process of cognitive decline (Casaletto et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR30\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e); psychologically, exercise creates opportunities for social interaction among older people, enriches their spiritual lives and effectively reduces loneliness, depression and other negative emotions, which has a positive effect on maintaining cognitive function (Swinnen et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR31\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e). In light of this, it is particularly important to encourage older adults with mild dementia to actively engage in physical activity, which may not only slow cognitive ageing, but is also a key intervention to improve the quality of life of older adults with mild dementia and reduce the burden of care.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTo our knowledge, this study is one of the few in-depth studies to examine the care needs of older adults with mild dementia in the Chinese community. Second, this study provides a comprehensive examination of the care needs of older adults with mild dementia in terms of activities of daily living, medical environmental services, psychological comfort, home environment and social participation, thus providing valuable insights for the development of quality care programs specifically tailored to older adults in China.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec15\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eLimitations\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThere are several limitations to this study. Firstly, our findings may not be generalizable and may not apply to noncommunity groups. In addition, we only studied older adults with mild dementia, so future studies should be extended to the whole population of older adults with dementia. Finally, due to the cross-sectional design of this study, we were not able to determine causal relationships between variables, highlighting the need for more comprehensive longitudinal data.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"CONCLUSIONS","content":"\u003cp\u003eIn summary, the care needs of older adults with mild dementia are differentiated at each stage of impairment. As the level of impairment increases, so does the need for care. In addition, the age factor should not be ignored. In general, the older adults with mild dementia are, the more chronic illnesses they have and the greater their need for care services. When formulating care plans, it is necessary to take into account the marital status and living situation of the patients, and to tailor a comprehensive care strategy based on the unique situation of each older adult and their personal needs, in order to slow down the rate of cognitive decline and improve the quality of life of older adults with mild dementia, thus helping them to enjoy their twilight years in peace.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003cp\u003e \u003ch2\u003eConflict of Interest Statement\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe authors declare that they have no competing interests.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e \u003ch2\u003eEthics Statement\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003e This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Xuzhou Medical University (Approval No. XZHMUz-24115).Written informed consent was obtained from all participants. All methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eFunding\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis work was supported by the State Key Laboratory Programme (JSH202408).\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eAuthor Contribution\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eST and SX developed the study idea and design, collected data, conducted data analysis, and drafted the manuscript. ML helped collect data, conducted data analysis, and searched literature. JL contributed to the manuscript revision. DS provided critical feedback on the manuscript. XT and YC helped with the study design and manuscript revision. All authors critically reviewed the manuscript and approved the final version.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYang, C, Li, X, Zhang, J, et al. Early prevention of cognitive impairment in the community population: The Beijing Aging Brain Rejuvenation Initiative. 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Burden of family caregivers of senile dementia community residents: the influencing factors [J]. Journal of Nursing Science,2017,32(15):91-93.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWang, L, Zhou, Y, Fang, X, et al. Care burden on family caregivers of patients with dementia and affecting factors in China: A systematic review. Front Psychiatry. 2022; 13:1004552.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKuehn, BM. WHO: Need for Global Dementia Care Planning Is Urgent. JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC. 2021; 326 (15): 1471.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAniwattanapong, D. Effects of cognitive rehabilitation training in elderly with mild cognitive impairment a randomized controlled trial EUR PSYCHIAT. 2021; 64 (S1): S424-S424. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eColeman, ME, Roessler, MEH, Peng, S, et al. Social enrichment on the job: Complex work with people improves episodic memory, promotes brain reserve, and reduces the risk of dementia. ALZHEIMERS DEMENT. 2023; 19 (6): 2655-2665. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHarwood, RH, Goldberg, SE, Brand, A, et al. Promoting Activity, Independence, and Stability in Early Dementia and mild cognitive impairment (PrAISED): randomised controlled trial. BMJ. 2023; 382: e074787. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSittler, MC, Worschech, F, Wilz, G, et al. Psychobiological mechanisms underlying the health-beneficial effects of music in people living with dementia: A systematic review of the literature. PHYSIOL BEHAV. 2021; 233:113338. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYuan Z, Xiaoping Y, Gang W. Suggestions for home care of people with dementia based on community support [J]. China Journal of Alzheimer\u0026apos;s Disease and Related Disorders,2023,6(01):77-84.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCui GH, Yao YH, Xu RF, Tang HD, Jiang GX, Wang Y, Wang G, Chen SD, Cheng Q. 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Interdisciplinary Community-Based Support for Caregivers of Individuals Living with Dementia Innov Aging. 2021; 5 (Supple1): 806-806.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSommerlad, A, Kivim\u0026auml;ki, M, Larson, EB, et al. Social participation and risk of developing dementia. Nat Aging. 2023; 3 (5): 532-545. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKingston, A, Wohland, P, Wittenberg, R, et al. Is late-life dependency increasing or not? A comparison of the Cognitive Function and Ageing Studies (CFAS). LANCET. 2017; 390 (10103): 1676-1684. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSoleimani, L, Ravona-Springer, R, Lin, HM, et al. Specific Dimensions of Depression Have Different Associations With Cognitive Decline in Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes. DIABETES CARE. 2021; 44 (3): 655-662. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSingham, T, Bell, G, Saunders, R, et al. Widowhood and cognitive decline in adults aged 50 and over: A systematic review and meta-analysis. AGEING RES REV. 2021; 71:101461.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWu-Chung, EL, Leal, SL, Denny, BT, et al. Spousal caregiving, widowhood, and cognition: A systematic review and a biopsychosocial framework for understanding the relationship between interpersonal losses and dementia risk in older adulthood. NEUROSCI BIOBEHAV R. 2022; 134 104487. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePerry, BL, McConnell, WR, Coleman, ME, et al. Why the cognitive \u0026quot;fountain of youth\u0026quot; may be upstream: Pathways to dementia risk and resilience through social connectedness. ALZHEIMERS DEMENT. 2021; 18 (5): 934-941.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNunes, W, Dias, F, Nascimento, J, et al. Cognition, functionality and depression indicative among elderly REV RENE. 2016; 17 (1): 103. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKristensen, MAT, H\u0026oslash;lge-Hazelton, B, Waldorff, FB, et al. How general practitioners perceive and assess self-care in patients with multiple chronic conditions: a qualitative study. BMC Fam Pract. 2017; 18 (1): 109. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eArcher, N, Keshavjee, K, Demers, C, et al. Online self-management interventions fochronically ill patients: cognitive impairment and technology issues. INT J MED INFORM. 2014; 83 (4): 264-72. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGlobal, regional, and national burden of diseases and injuries for adults 70 years and older: systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease 2019 Study. BMJ. 2022; 376: e068208.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLenze, EJ, Voegtle, M, Miller, JP, et al. Effects of Mindfulness Training and Exercise on Cognitive Function in Older Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC. 2022; 328 (22): 2218-2229.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCasaletto, KB, Staffaroni, AM, Wolf, A, et al. Active lifestyles moderate clinical outcomes in autosomal dominant frontotemporal degeneration. ALZHEIMERS DEMENT. 2020; 16 (1): 91-105. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSwinnen, N, Vandenbulcke, M, de Bruin, ED, et al. The efficacy of exergaming in people with major neurocognitive disorder residing in long-term care facilities: a pilot randomized controlled trial. Alzheimers Res Ther. 2021; 13 (1): 70.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"bmc-nursing","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"nurs","sideBox":"Learn more about [BMC Nursing](http://bmcnurs.biomedcentral.com/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"https://www.editorialmanager.com/nurs/default.aspx","title":"BMC Nursing","twitterHandle":"@BMC_series","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"BMC Series","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"mild dementia, older adults, care needs, influencing factors","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5967213/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5967213/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003ch2\u003eIntroduction:\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe care needs of older adults with mild dementia have not been studied in depth. In this study, we investigated the impairment status of patients with mild dementia and analyzed the care needs of patients with different levels of impairment in terms of activities of daily living, medical services, environmental care, psychological comfort and social participation, and the factors influencing them.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eMethods\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis study used a cross-sectional research method to investigate mildly demented older adults aged 60 years and above in the Chinese community. A self-administered questionnaire was used to assess the care needs of mildly demented older adults in terms of daily living, medical services, psychological comfort, home environment and social participation, and the ability level of mildly demented older adults was assessed using the official Chinese Norms for Assessing the Ability of the Elderly (GB/T42195-2022). Independent samples t-test and one-way ANOVA were used to compare the differences between demographic characteristics, impairment levels and care needs. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the independent factors influencing care needs.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResults\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eA total of 267 participants were included in this study and participated in the analyses. The results showed that there were differences in the scores of care needs between different ability levels: mildly impaired (58.74\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;9.008), moderately impaired (78.45\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;8.951) and severely impaired (99.67\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;6.480), and that health care services were the main care needs of older adults with mild dementia, and older adults with mild dementia of different ability levels had high needs for health care services. For activities of daily living and psychological comfort, needs increased significantly with the severity of impairment and decreased with worsening impairment in environmental care and social participation. Comprehensive ability level for older adults: Moderately impaired(β\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.136, \u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.012), Severely impaired(β\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.306, \u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001), Age:70-79years (β\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;2.607, \u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.010),80 years and above(β\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.354, \u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001), Living with children(β\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.267, \u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001),Living with spouse(β\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.232, \u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001)and participation in sports and exercise (β\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;3.308, \u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.001)) had significant positive effects on community care service needs, drinking alcohol (β = -0.118, \u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.007),and with other chronic diseases((β = -0.130, \u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.004) had significant negative effects on community care service needs.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDiscussion\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eFactors influencing the community care needs of older people with mild dementia who participated in this study included: comprehensive older adults' abilities, age, whether accompanied by other chronic diseases, history of alcohol consumption, presence of physical activity.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003ePractical implications:\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eTaking into account the different care needs of older adults with mild dementia at different stages of impairment, a comprehensive care program for older adults with mild dementia has been improved in a number of aspects, including daily living, medical services, home environment, psychological well-being and social participation.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"An analysis of the factors influencing the demand for care in the community for older adults with mild dementia in China：A cross-sectional study","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-02-17 05:33:54","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5967213/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2025-02-17T09:20:49+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2025-02-17T07:36:16+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2025-02-14T08:50:18+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"BMC Nursing","date":"2025-02-05T15:44:09+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"bmc-nursing","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"nurs","sideBox":"Learn more about [BMC Nursing](http://bmcnurs.biomedcentral.com/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"https://www.editorialmanager.com/nurs/default.aspx","title":"BMC Nursing","twitterHandle":"@BMC_series","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"BMC Series","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"83f2b607-6d4d-4e0b-89b5-d730ea5921be","owner":[],"postedDate":"February 17th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"published-in-journal","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-05-19T16:09:09+00:00","versionOfRecord":{"articleIdentity":"rs-5967213","link":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-025-03212-8","journal":{"identity":"bmc-nursing","isVorOnly":false,"title":"BMC Nursing"},"publishedOn":"2025-05-16 15:57:12","publishedOnDateReadable":"May 16th, 2025"},"versionCreatedAt":"2025-02-17 05:33:54","video":"","vorDoi":"10.1186/s12912-025-03212-8","vorDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-025-03212-8","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-5967213","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-5967213","identity":"rs-5967213","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}