Control of pyrethroid-resistant Anopheles gambiae s.l. with Sovrenta® 15WP, a new isoxazoline insecticide for indoor residual spraying

Control of pyrethroid-resistant Anopheles gambiae s.l. with Sovrenta® 15WP, a new isoxazoline insecticide for indoor residual spraying | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Control of pyrethroid-resistant Anopheles gambiae s.l. with Sovrenta® 15WP, a new isoxazoline insecticide for indoor residual spraying Renaud Govoetchan, Abel Agbevo, Juniace Ahoga, Hospice Avanon, and 6 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7490220/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 27 Feb, 2026 Read the published version in Malaria Journal → Version 1 posted 7 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Introduction: An expanded portfolio of more effective WHO-prequalified insecticides for indoor residual sparing (IRS) is needed to provide additional options to disease control programmes and enhance their capacity to efficiently apply IRS rotations for managing vector resistance to insecticides. We investigated the efficacy and residual activity of Sovrenta® 15WP, a wettable powder formulation of the newly discovered isoxazoline insecticide isocycloseram, (active ingredient trademarked as PLINAZOLIN® technology) for IRS in laboratory bioassays and experimental hut studies. Methods: Sovrenta® 15WP, was evaluated under laboratory conditions for 12 months at the dose of 120 mg a.i./m 2 on cement, mud and wood block substrates against insecticide-susceptible Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto Kisumu and pyrethroid-resistant An. gambiae sensu lato (s.l.) Covè strains. An experimental hut trial was also performed to investigate its efficacy and residual activity on cement and mud-plastered walls at the target dose of 120 mg a.i./m 2 over 12 months against wild free-flying pyrethroid-resistant An. gambiae sl at the Covè experimental hut station in Benin. Mosquito mortality was recorded every 24h for up to 168h post-exposure. Sovrenta® 15 WP was compared to Actellic® 300CS, a WHO/PQ-listed pirimiphos-methyl IRS insecticide applied at 1000 mg a.i./m 2 . Results: In laboratory cone bioassays, Sovrenta® 15WP induced >80% mortality of susceptible and pyrethroid-resistant An. gambiae sl for 11-12 months on cement, mud and wood block substrates. A total of 12,850 wild pyrethroid-resistant An. gambiae s.l. were collected in the experimental hut trial. Sovrenta® 15WP induced significantly higher mosquito mortality in the experimental huts over 12 months compared to Actellic® 300CS (68-72% vs 44-46%, p<0.001). The insecticide also demonstrated a delayed mortality effect against wild vector mosquitoes that increased gradually from 25-42% at 24h to 68-72% at 168h post-exposure. Vector mortality did not differ substantially between the different substrate types. The odds ratio describing the difference in overall mortality between Actellic® 300CS and Sovrenta® 15WP was 3.38 (95% CI: 2.90 - 3.94) in cement-walled huts, 2.49 (95% CI: 2.10 – 2.95) in mud-walled huts and 1.80 (95% CI:1.53 – 2.11) when data for both hut wall substrate types was combined. Using recent WHO guidelines for determining non-inferiority, Sovrenta® 15WP was non-inferior and superior to Actellic® 300CS for the primary end-point of mosquito mortality over the 12-month experimental hut trial. Mortality in in situ hut wall cone bioassays was >80% for 12 months with Sovrenta® 15WP and 9 months with Actellic® 300CS. Conclusion: Sovrenta® 15WP provided extended control of pyrethroid-resistant malaria vectors when applied for IRS on local wall substrates. The insecticide presents a new effective IRS option for achieving improved malaria control and managing insecticide resistance through the rotation of IRS insecticides. isoxazoline isocycloseram indoor residual spraying malaria vectors Sovrenta Actellic Cove Benin Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 27 Feb, 2026 Read the published version in Malaria Journal → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 06 Dec, 2025 Reviews received at journal 28 Nov, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 10 Nov, 2025 Reviewers invited by journal 08 Nov, 2025 Editor assigned by journal 30 Aug, 2025 Submission checks completed at journal 30 Aug, 2025 First submitted to journal 29 Aug, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-7490220","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":508018549,"identity":"3e845d5c-2d97-41c7-9134-97e1f4ee954b","order_by":0,"name":"Renaud Govoetchan","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM)","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Renaud","middleName":"","lastName":"Govoetchan","suffix":""},{"id":508018550,"identity":"6beb27d1-4b35-4721-9906-0eaf2adaae97","order_by":1,"name":"Abel Agbevo","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"London School of Hygiene and 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spraying","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"malaria-journal","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"malj","sideBox":"Learn more about [Malaria Journal](http://malariajournal.biomedcentral.com/)","snPcode":"12936","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/12936/3","title":"Malaria Journal","twitterHandle":"@malariajournal","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"BMC/SO AJ","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"isoxazoline, isocycloseram, indoor residual spraying, malaria vectors, Sovrenta, Actellic, Cove Benin","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7490220/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7490220/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIntroduction:\u003c/strong\u003e An expanded portfolio of more effective WHO-prequalified insecticides for indoor residual sparing (IRS) is needed to provide additional options to disease control programmes and enhance their capacity to efficiently apply IRS rotations for managing vector resistance to insecticides. We investigated the efficacy and residual activity of Sovrenta® 15WP, a wettable powder formulation of the newly discovered isoxazoline insecticide isocycloseram, (active ingredient trademarked as PLINAZOLIN® technology) for IRS in laboratory bioassays and experimental hut studies.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMethods:\u003c/strong\u003e Sovrenta® 15WP, was evaluated under laboratory conditions for 12 months at the dose of 120 mg a.i./m\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e on cement, mud and wood block substrates against insecticide-susceptible \u003cem\u003eAnopheles gambiae\u003c/em\u003e sensu stricto Kisumu and pyrethroid-resistant \u003cem\u003eAn.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cem\u003egambiae \u003c/em\u003esensu lato\u003cem\u003e \u003c/em\u003e(s.l.) Covè strains. An experimental hut trial was also performed to investigate its efficacy and residual activity on cement and mud-plastered walls at the target dose of 120 mg a.i./m\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e over 12 months against wild free-flying pyrethroid-resistant \u003cem\u003eAn.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cem\u003egambiae\u003c/em\u003e sl at the Covè experimental hut station in Benin. Mosquito mortality was recorded every 24h for up to 168h post-exposure. Sovrenta® 15 WP was compared to Actellic® 300CS, a WHO/PQ-listed pirimiphos-methyl IRS insecticide applied at 1000 mg a.i./m\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eResults:\u003c/strong\u003e In laboratory cone bioassays, Sovrenta® 15WP induced \u0026gt;80% mortality of susceptible and pyrethroid-resistant \u003cem\u003eAn. gambiae\u003c/em\u003e sl for 11-12 months on cement, mud and wood block substrates. \u0026nbsp;A total of 12,850 wild pyrethroid-resistant \u003cem\u003eAn. gambiae\u003c/em\u003e s.l. were collected in the experimental hut trial. Sovrenta® 15WP induced significantly higher mosquito mortality in the experimental huts over 12 months compared to Actellic® 300CS (68-72% vs 44-46%, p\u0026lt;0.001). The insecticide also demonstrated a delayed mortality effect against wild vector mosquitoes that increased gradually from 25-42% at 24h to 68-72% at 168h post-exposure. Vector mortality did not differ substantially between the different substrate types. The odds ratio describing the difference in overall mortality between Actellic® 300CS and Sovrenta® 15WP was 3.38 (95% CI: 2.90 - 3.94) in cement-walled huts, 2.49 (95% CI: 2.10 – 2.95) in mud-walled huts and 1.80 (95% CI:1.53 – 2.11) when data for both hut wall substrate types was combined. Using recent WHO guidelines for determining non-inferiority, Sovrenta® 15WP was non-inferior and superior to Actellic® 300CS for the primary end-point of mosquito mortality over the 12-month experimental hut trial. Mortality in \u003cem\u003ein situ\u003c/em\u003e hut wall cone bioassays was \u0026gt;80% for 12 months with Sovrenta® 15WP and 9 months with Actellic® 300CS.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConclusion:\u003c/strong\u003e Sovrenta® 15WP provided extended control of pyrethroid-resistant malaria vectors when applied for IRS on local wall substrates. The insecticide presents a new effective IRS option for achieving improved malaria control and managing insecticide resistance through the rotation of IRS insecticides.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Control of pyrethroid-resistant Anopheles gambiae s.l. with Sovrenta® 15WP, a new isoxazoline insecticide for indoor residual spraying","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-09-23 15:04:38","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7490220/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2025-12-06T10:48:02+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-11-28T18:27:30+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"55464151105446802912880413413855214290","date":"2025-11-10T08:55:40+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2025-11-08T14:47:07+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2025-08-30T14:11:42+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2025-08-30T14:10:08+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"Malaria Journal","date":"2025-08-29T15:59:28+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"malaria-journal","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"malj","sideBox":"Learn more about [Malaria Journal](http://malariajournal.biomedcentral.com/)","snPcode":"12936","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/12936/3","title":"Malaria Journal","twitterHandle":"@malariajournal","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"BMC/SO AJ","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"5a2d6eda-d622-48b3-8b3e-a69ec4116274","owner":[],"postedDate":"September 23rd, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"published-in-journal","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-03-02T16:01:36+00:00","versionOfRecord":{"articleIdentity":"rs-7490220","link":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-026-05810-6","journal":{"identity":"malaria-journal","isVorOnly":false,"title":"Malaria Journal"},"publishedOn":"2026-02-27 15:58:28","publishedOnDateReadable":"February 27th, 2026"},"versionCreatedAt":"2025-09-23 15:04:38","video":"","vorDoi":"10.1186/s12936-026-05810-6","vorDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-026-05810-6","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-7490220","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-7490220","identity":"rs-7490220","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}