A Miniaturized Enhanced Gain Wideband Metamaterial Loaded Planar Inverted F-L Implant Antenna

A Miniaturized Enhanced Gain Wideband Metamaterial Loaded Planar Inverted F-L Implant Antenna | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article A Miniaturized Enhanced Gain Wideband Metamaterial Loaded Planar Inverted F-L Implant Antenna Sanaa Salama, D. ZYOUD, Associate Abuelhaija, Associate Saleh This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4298558/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract The antenna presented in this work is a planar inverted F-L (PIFLIA) implant antenna. The PIFLIA characteristics are improved by loading it with a metamaterial. A metamaterial is an artificial material engineered having properties that are unavailable in nature. The metamaterial is designed using an H-shaped split rectangular resonator as the unit cell. Unit cells are the main element of metamaterials. The antenna is constructed on a substrate material of RO3010. To reduce the antenna's size and enhance its bandwidth, a 2x2 array of the metamaterial unit cell is printed on the opposite side of the substrate. While, the planar inverted F-L antenna is on the upper side of the substrate. This arrangement results in a compact antenna structure. The size of the metamaterial-loaded PIFLA antenna is specified as 16 × 10 × 1.28 mm³. The structure and simulation of the proposed antenna are performed using CST (Computer Simulation Technology) software, a popular tool for electromagnetic simulations. The relative permittivity, ε_r, relative permeability, μ_r, and refractive index, n of the metamaterial unit cell are determined from the scattering parameters and plotted using Matlab, a high-level programming language commonly used for numerical simulations and data analysis. The simulated S_11 of the antenna indicates excellent performance with less than -32 dB return loss in the industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band and the medical implant communication services (MICS) band. Additionally, the antenna supports a wide frequency bandwidth, including the MICS band [393.3 – 412.64 MHz], the ISM band [2 – 2.6 GHz], and two additional frequency bands: [1.2 – 1.3 GHz] and [2.8 - 3.6 GHz]. The introduced metamaterial-loaded PIFLA implant antenna is implemented, and the measurements were in consistent with the simulation results. H-shaped spilt rectangular resonator Implant antenna Loaded antenna Metamaterials Planar inverted F-L Unit cell. Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4298558","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":294615668,"identity":"0bf32501-3a48-4914-b6e8-9963c9522ba6","order_by":0,"name":"Sanaa Salama","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA50lEQVRIiWNgGAWjYDADPhDxAcqRIEoLGxAzziBZCzMPMVrk288e/PCDoU6ejf104mebGrvE7QzMB2/z4NFicCYvWbKH4bBhG0/uZumcY8mJOxvYkq3xamHIMZDgYTjA2MaQu0E6h405ccMBHjNpfFrk+98Y//zDUGffxv9282+Lf/VALfzf8GphuJEDMpM5sU0id5s0Y9thkC1seLUY3HhjZi1jcDi5TeLtNsvevuPGO5vZjC3n4HVYjvHNNxV1tv38uZtv/PhWLbudvfnhjTf4HAaxC5nNTFA5Pu2jYBSMglEwCkAAAJnoR+mNDVq7AAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"","institution":"Arab American University","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Sanaa","middleName":"","lastName":"Salama","suffix":""},{"id":294615669,"identity":"069ef6ee-2aa6-42f1-a9b1-8110e34b332e","order_by":1,"name":"D. 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The PIFLIA characteristics are improved by loading it with a metamaterial. A metamaterial is an artificial material engineered having properties that are unavailable in nature. The metamaterial is designed using an H-shaped split rectangular resonator as the unit cell. Unit cells are the main element of metamaterials. The antenna is constructed on a substrate material of RO3010. To reduce the antenna's size and enhance its bandwidth, a 2x2 array of the metamaterial unit cell is printed on the opposite side of the substrate. While, the planar inverted F-L antenna is on the upper side of the substrate. This arrangement results in a compact antenna structure. The size of the metamaterial-loaded PIFLA antenna is specified as 16 × 10 × 1.28 mm³. The structure and simulation of the proposed antenna are performed using CST (Computer Simulation Technology) software, a popular tool for electromagnetic simulations. The relative permittivity, ε_r, relative permeability, μ_r, and refractive index, n of the metamaterial unit cell are determined from the scattering parameters and plotted using Matlab, a high-level programming language commonly used for numerical simulations and data analysis. The simulated S_11 of the antenna indicates excellent performance with less than -32 dB return loss in the industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band and the medical implant communication services (MICS) band. Additionally, the antenna supports a wide frequency bandwidth, including the MICS band [393.3 – 412.64 MHz], the ISM band [2 – 2.6 GHz], and two additional frequency bands: [1.2 – 1.3 GHz] and [2.8 - 3.6 GHz]. The introduced metamaterial-loaded PIFLA implant antenna is implemented, and the measurements were in consistent with the simulation results.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"A Miniaturized Enhanced Gain Wideband Metamaterial Loaded Planar Inverted F-L Implant Antenna","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2024-04-24 14:20:30","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4298558/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"8f7819de-e128-4b99-a47e-f41310aca053","owner":[],"postedDate":"April 24th, 2024","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-11-03T16:11:39+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2024-04-24 14:20:30","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-4298558","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-4298558","identity":"rs-4298558","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"qtupq5eGEP_6zYnWcrvyt","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}