Design and Analysis of Frequency Reconfigurable Antenna for Wideband Millimeter-Wave Communications

Abstract A novel and compact frequency reconfigurable antenna is proposed for millimeter wave communications. Defected ground structure and complementary split ring resonators are used to obtain wide operating bands. The proposed antenna operates from 20.75-37.8GHz (S11<-10dB) with a wide bandwidth of 17.05GHz. Frequency switching is achieved by including three PIN diodes D1, D2 and D3 at slots in the radiating structure. For various combinations of PIN diodes ON-OFF states, wide and narrow operating bands are attained within the range of 20-38GHz. The proposed antenna exhibits good performance in terms of bandwidth, current distribution and far-field radiation characteristics. A peak gain of 6 dB is achieved and the average radiation efficiency is 96% in the operating band. Experimental results validate the proposed reconfigurable wideband antenna millimeter-wave applications.