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This study identifies endometrial bleeding associated factor (ebaf), a novel gene within the transforming growth factor beta superfamily that exhibits strong expression in human endometrium. Researchers found that ebaf mRNA is transiently expressed in the stroma prior to and during menstrual bleeding, with no significant expression observed in glands or endothelial cells. The gene maps to chromosome 1q42.1 and its protein sequence shares homology with other TGF-beta family members, linking its activity directly to both normal and abnormal uterine bleeding events. This paper is centrally about endometriosis — specifically investigating the molecular mechanisms underlying endometrial bleeding, which is a hallmark symptom of endometriosis and adenomyosis.
Abstract
Human endometrium is unique since it is the only tissue in the body that bleeds at regular intervals. In addition, abnormal endometrial bleeding is one of the most common manifestations of gynecological diseases, and is a prime indication for hysterectomy. Here, we report on a novel human gene, endometrial bleeding associated factor (ebaf), whose strong expression in endometrium was associated with abnormal endometrial bleeding. In normal human endometrium, this gene was transiently expressed before and during menstrual bleeding. In situ hybridization showed that the mRNA of ebaf was expressed in the stroma without any significant mRNA expression in the endometrial glands or endothelial cells. The predicted protein sequence of ebaf showed homology with and structural features of the members of TGF-beta superfamily. Fluorescence in situ hybridization showed that the ebaf gene is located on human chromosome 1 at band q42.1. Thus, ebaf is a novel member of the TGF-beta superfamily and an endometrial tissue factor whose expression is associated with normal menstrual and abnormal endometrial bleeding.
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Research Article Free access | 10.1172/JCI119415
Department of Pathology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA.
Find articles by Kothapalli, R. in: PubMed | Google Scholar
Department of Pathology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA.
Find articles by Buyuksal, I. in: PubMed | Google Scholar
Department of Pathology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA.
Find articles by Wu, S. in: PubMed | Google Scholar
Department of Pathology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA.
Find articles by Chegini, N. in: PubMed | Google Scholar
Department of Pathology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA.
Find articles by Tabibzadeh, S. in: PubMed | Google Scholar
Published May 15, 1997 - More info
Published in
Volume 99, Issue 10
on
May 15, 1997
J Clin Invest. 1997;99(10):2342–2350. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI119415.
© 1997 The American Society for Clinical Investigation
J Clin Invest. 1997;99(10):2342–2350. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI119415.
© 1997 The American Society for Clinical Investigation
Published May 15, 1997
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Version history
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Abstract
Human endometrium is unique since it is the only tissue in the body that bleeds at regular intervals. In addition, abnormal endometrial bleeding is one of the most common manifestations of gynecological diseases, and is a prime indication for hysterectomy. Here, we report on a novel human gene, endometrial bleeding associated factor (ebaf), whose strong expression in endometrium was associated with abnormal endometrial bleeding. In normal human endometrium, this gene was transiently expressed before and during menstrual bleeding. In situ hybridization showed that the mRNA of ebaf was expressed in the stroma without any significant mRNA expression in the endometrial glands or endothelial cells. The predicted protein sequence of ebaf showed homology with and structural features of the members of TGF-beta superfamily. Fluorescence in situ hybridization showed that the ebaf gene is located on human chromosome 1 at band q42.1. Thus, ebaf is a novel member of the TGF-beta superfamily and an endometrial tissue factor whose expression is associated with normal menstrual and abnormal endometrial bleeding.
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Version history
- Version 1 (May 15, 1997): No description
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Copyright © 2026 American Society for Clinical Investigation
ISSN: 0021-9738 (print), 1558-8238 (online)
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