Mifepristone reduces serum cancer antigen 125 and prolactin levels to improve pregnancy rates in uterine adenomyosis mouse models†

Uterine adenomyosis is a widespread condition that impairs female fertility, with elevated serum levels of cancer antigen 125 (CA125) and prolactin (PRL) often observed in affected women. Mifepristone has been investigated as a potential therapeutic agent to improve pregnancy outcomes in uterine adenomyosis patients. This study aimed to examine the effects of mifepristone on serum CA125 and PRL levels in uterine adenomyosis mouse models. The Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice were treated with varying doses of mifepristone after uterine adenomyosis was induced. Immunohistochemistry was used to analyze estrogen receptor and CA125 expression in uterine tissues, while serum CA125 and PRL levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The study found that mifepristone treatment significantly reduced serum CA125 and PRL levels, and the 20 mg/kg/day dose was most effective in improving pregnancy outcomes. These findings suggest that mifepristone can reduce key biomarkers associated with uterine adenomyosis and improve fertility outcomes, offering a promising treatment option for women suffering from this condition.