Comprehensive Investigation of Oxidative Stress-Related Hub Genes in Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy Based on Bioinformatics Analysis

Comprehensive Investigation of Oxidative Stress-Related Hub Genes in Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy Based on Bioinformatics Analysis | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Comprehensive Investigation of Oxidative Stress-Related Hub Genes in Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy Based on Bioinformatics Analysis yefeng zhu, zeyuan Li, chao xiong, wei li, lindan wu, siyi song, and 1 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-8366228/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Revision Version 1 posted 9 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is a common complication following corrective surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) that poses a serious threat to patients' vision. The pathogenesis of PVR remains incompletely understood, with oxidative stress and inflammation being key factors during its development. Through bioinformatics analysis, we identified key oxidative stress-related genes in PVR patients. We obtained PVR gene datasets (GSE176513, GSE228934, and GSE128143) from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and screened for differentially expressed oxidative stress genes (DEOSGs). Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed to evaluate key pathways. Five machine learning algorithms—LASSO, Random Forest (RF), Gradient Boosting Machine (GBM), k-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), and Decision Tree (DT)—were combined with protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks to identify PVR-associated hub genes. Ultimately, two genes (COL1A1 and MMP2) were identified, both of which were upregulated. ROC analysis demonstrated good diagnostic performance for both genes. KEGG analysis revealed that hub gene expression was significantly associated with the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway, the relaxin signaling pathway in diabetic complications, and the proteoglycan signaling pathway in cancer. Potential therapeutic agents including bisphosphonates, resveratrol, and acetazolamide may exert inhibitory effects on PVR. This study found that COL1A1 and MMP2 genes are closely associated with PVR development and progression and are also linked to oxidative stress pathways. proliferative vitreoretinopathy oxidative stress machine learning bioinformatics analysis COL1A1 MMP2 Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Revision Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 28 Mar, 2026 Reviews received at journal 24 Mar, 2026 Reviews received at journal 28 Feb, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 25 Feb, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 25 Feb, 2026 Reviewers invited by journal 25 Feb, 2026 Editor assigned by journal 17 Dec, 2025 Submission checks completed at journal 17 Dec, 2025 First submitted to journal 15 Dec, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-8366228","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":596917011,"identity":"2c199738-1dce-4e2b-8b96-784980d03468","order_by":0,"name":"yefeng zhu","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Nanchang University Affiliated Eye Hospital: Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"yefeng","middleName":"","lastName":"zhu","suffix":""},{"id":596917012,"identity":"0ad43c37-be50-4271-8130-a4c50ea3df05","order_by":1,"name":"zeyuan Li","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"School of 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The pathogenesis of PVR remains incompletely understood, with oxidative stress and inflammation being key factors during its development. Through bioinformatics analysis, we identified key oxidative stress-related genes in PVR patients. We obtained PVR gene datasets (GSE176513, GSE228934, and GSE128143) from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and screened for differentially expressed oxidative stress genes (DEOSGs). Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed to evaluate key pathways. Five machine learning algorithms\u0026mdash;LASSO, Random Forest (RF), Gradient Boosting Machine (GBM), k-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), and Decision Tree (DT)\u0026mdash;were combined with protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks to identify PVR-associated hub genes. Ultimately, two genes (COL1A1 and MMP2) were identified, both of which were upregulated. ROC analysis demonstrated good diagnostic performance for both genes. 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This study found that COL1A1 and MMP2 genes are closely associated with PVR development and progression and are also linked to oxidative stress pathways.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Comprehensive Investigation of Oxidative Stress-Related Hub Genes in Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy Based on Bioinformatics Analysis","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2026-02-27 15:44:07","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8366228/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2026-03-28T11:14:44+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2026-03-24T15:32:17+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2026-02-28T10:34:19+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"107591755625498346458902261348435745073","date":"2026-02-25T12:08:04+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"204012068036145133284952130583537335955","date":"2026-02-25T11:37:25+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2026-02-25T11:15:53+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2025-12-17T11:25:14+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2025-12-17T11:24:21+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"International Ophthalmology","date":"2025-12-15T12:30:43+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"international-ophthalmology","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"inte","sideBox":"Learn more about [International Ophthalmology](https://www.springer.com/journal/10792)","snPcode":"10792","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/10792/3","title":"International Ophthalmology","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"7b8d9419-f278-495f-ba63-cd1d9cc3e363","owner":[],"postedDate":"February 27th, 2026","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"in-revision","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-03-28T11:24:30+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2026-02-27 15:44:07","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-8366228","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-8366228","identity":"rs-8366228","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"XKTyCvWXoU3ODBz1xrDgd","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}