Roseicella aquatilis sp. nov., isolated from freshwater lake

Roseicella aquatilis sp. nov., isolated from freshwater lake | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Roseicella aquatilis sp. nov., isolated from freshwater lake zongjun du, Dandan Zhang, Ya-Nan Zhao, Rui-Han He, Yu-Qi Yan This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-1349643/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 4 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract A novel Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, ellipsoidal-shaped, red-pigmented, facultatively aerobic strain designated NE82 T , was isolated from mud sample from Jiugongli Lake in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China. Optimal growth occurred at 28–33°C (range 15–42°C) and pH 7.0-7.5 (range 5.5–8.5) with 0% (w/v) NaCl (range 0–1.0%). Cells of strain NE82 T were 0.4–0.9 µm in diameter, catalase-positive and oxidase-negative. Q-10 was the sole respiratory quinone and the major cellular fatty acids (> 10%) in strain NE82 T were summed feature 8 (C 18:1 ω 7 c and C 18:1 ω 6 c ). The polar lipids of strain NE82 T were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, an unidentified aminophospholipid and four unidentified phospholipids. The G + C content of the genomic DNA was 72.0 mol%. Based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence, strain NE82 T , showed the highest similarity (97.2%) to Roseicella frigidaeris DB1506 T within the family Acetobacteraceae , represents a novel species of the genus Roseicella , for which the name Roseicella aquatilis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NE82 T (=KCTC 62412 T ༝MCCC 1H00292 T ). Roseicella aquatilis sp. nov. 16S rRNA gene phylogenetic analysis Figures Figure 1 Introduction At the time of writing, there is only one species with validly published name in the genus Roseicella , which is R. frigidaeris (Khan et al. 2019 ). The genus belongs to the family Acetobacteraceae in the order Rhodospirillales . Member of genus Roseicella is Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, facultatively aerobic, coccus with catalase- and oxidase- positive, could not hydrolyse gelatin and casein, does not utilize sulfate as sole sulfur source, and has Q-10 as quinone system (Khan et al. 2019 ). In this paper, a novel catalase-positive, red-pigmented, facultatively aerobic strain, NE82 T , was characterized. Based on phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic analyses, strain NE82 T was classified into the genus Roseicella , with the name Roseicella aquatilis sp. nov.. Materials And Methods Bacterial isolation and cultivation For the study of bacterial diversity from the fresh lake, sample was obtained from mud in Jiugongli Lake in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China (106°49.721' E, 40°32.476' N). The sample was serially diluted to 10 -4 with sterile distilled water, and 0.1 ml aliquots of each dilution were spread onto R2A agar (Difco). After the incubation at 30°C for 5 days, a red-pigmented colony was obtained and designated as NE82 T , which was stored at -80°C in sterile 15.0% (v/v) glycerol supplemented with 1.0% (v/v) NaCl. The type strains R. frigidaeris JCM 32945 T , Paracraurococcus ruber JCM 9931 T and Dankookia rubra JCM 30602 T , obtained from the Japan Collection of Microorganisms (JCM), were the most closely related type strains with strain NE82 T for physiological and chemotaxonomic characterizations. All closely related type strains were cultured under the same conditions as strain NE82 T . 16S rRNA gene sequence and phylogenetic analysis The 16S rRNA gene was amplified by PCR using two universal primers 27F and 1492R (Liu et al. 2014). Then amplification products purified ligated to the vector pGM-T (Tiangen). Sequencing reactions were carried out using an ABI BigDye 3.1 Sequencing Kit (Applied Biosystems, Waltham, MA, USA) and an automated DNA sequencer (model ABI 3730; Applied Biosystems). Similar sequences of the nearly complete 16S rRNA gene sequence (1433 bp, MG385132.1) of strain NE82 T were searched for using the BLAST algorithm. Identification of phylogenetic relationships and calculation of pairwise 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities used the NCBI BLASTN (https://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) as well as the EzTaxon server (Kim et al. 2012). Sequences were aligned using the alignment program, CLUSTAL_X (version 1.81) (Thompson et al. 1997). Phylogenetic trees were reconstructed based on the phylogenetic analysis using the neighbour-joining (Saitou and Nei 1987), the maximum-likelihood (Felsenstein 1981) and maximum-parsimony (Fitch 1971) methods implemented in MEGA (version 7.0) (Kumar et al. 2016). Bootstrap values were determined based on 1000 replicates for each of the three methods. In addition, full length 16S rRNA gene sequence extracted from the genome assembly was compared with the 16S rRNA gene sequence obtained by Sanger method. Genomic analysis The genomes of strain NE82 T , P. ruber JCM 9931 T and D. rubra JCM 30602 T were sequenced by Beijing Novogene Biotechnology Co., Ltd (Beijing, China) using Illumina HiSeq. The genome of R. frigidaeris JCM 32945 T were obtained from NCBI (QLIX00000000). The sequencing depth of coverage was 100X. The gene content was annotated by the NCBI Prokaryotic Genome Annotation Pipeline (Tatusova et al. 2016; Haft et al. 2018) and the genes included in the metabolic pathways were analyzed by KEGG Database (Kanehisa et al. 2016). The integrity of 16S rRNA gene was checked by ContEst16S (Lee et al. 2017). To determine if the strain NE82 T was a new species, the average nucleotide identity (ANI) was calculated by Web service ( http://enve-omics.ce.gat ) (Rodriguezr and Konstantinidis 2016) between strain NE82 T and the closely type strains. Besides, the digital DNA-DNA hybridisation (dDDH) was also calculated by GGDC ( http://ggdc.dsmz.de/ggdc.php/ ) (Meier-Kolthoff et al. 2013). Morphological, physiological and biochemical analyses Cells of strain NE82 T grew on R2A at 30°C for 4 days, were used for morphological and physiological tests. Cell morphology and size were examined by transmission electron microscopy (JEM-1200EX), and light microscopic examinations were performed using an E600 Nikon light microscope (Tokyo, Japan) to supplement. Gram reactions of strain NE82 T were assessed as described by Smibert and Krieg (1994) and the examination of motility was carried out according to the hanging-drop method (Bernardet et al. 2002). The temperature range for growth of strain NE82 T was evaluated at 0, 4, 15, 25, 28, 30, 33, 37, 40, 42 and 45°C on R2A agar and results were recorded every 12 h. The effects of NaCl concentration on growth was examined on R2A medium supplemented with different concentrations of NaCl (0%, 0.5%, and 1-10% in 1% increments, w/v). The pH range for growth was determined using modified R2A broth at pH 5.5-10.0 (in 0.5 unit intervals). The different buffers [MES (pH 5.5 and 6.0), PIPES (pH 6.5 and 7.0), HEPES (pH 7.5 and 8.0), Tricine (pH 8.5) and CAPSO (pH 9.0, 9.5 and 10.0) (Sangon)] were added to different levels at concentrations of 20 mM, and the pH of the medium was adjusted by adding 1 M HCl or NaOH before autoclaving. Then ranges of pH were investigated on 96-well microplates by measuring the OD 600 . Growth under anaerobic conditions was determined after cultivation in an anaerobic chamber on modified R2A, with or without 1% (w/v) KNO 3 for at least 2 weeks at 30°C. The modified R2A in test tubes supplemented with 1% (v/v) nitrate was used for test of the reduction of nitrate. The inoculated and uninoculated test tubes were all placed in aerobic and anaerobic conditions at 30°C for 7 days. Oxidase activity was tested using the bioMerieux Oxidase Reagent kit according to the manufacturer’s instructions, and catalase activity was detected by measuring the production of oxygen bubbles in a 3% (v/v) aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution. The hydrolysis tests of starch, lipids, cellulose and alginate, starch, lipids, Tweens 20, 40, 60 and 80 were determined as described by Smibert and Krieg (1994). The pigments of strain NE82 T were extracted with 3 ml acetone/methanol (7:2, v/v) per gram of wet pellet and the absorption spectra were determined at 300-800 nm with a Hitachi U-2910 spectrophotometer. Additionally, pigments were also extracted from cell pellets as described in the article (Cha et al. 2011). Susceptibility to antibiotics was investigated on R2A agar at 30°C for 7 days using filter-paper discs containing various antibiotics as described previously (Du et al. 2014) and according to procedures outlined by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI 2018). Additional physiological and biochemical characteristics were assessed using the API 20E, API ZYM, and API 50CHB strips (bioMérieux, Marcy-l'Étoile, France) and the Biolog GEN III System according to the manufacturers’ recommendations, with the exception that the NaCl concentration was adjusted to 3% (w/v). Chemotaxonomic properties For the determination of fatty acids, cells of strain NE82 T and closely related type strains were cultured on the R2A agar at 30°C and harvested after 4 days for growth. According to the standard protocol of MIDI (Sherlock Microbial Identification System, version 4.5), fatty acids were extracted, then methylated and analysed by an Agilent 6890N gas chromatograph. Cellular fatty acids were identified using the TSBA40 database of the microbial identification system (Sasser 1990). For the polar lipids analysis, three strains were cultured in the liquid medium at 30°C and harvested after 4 days. Polar lipids were extracted from cells and separated via two-dimensional silica gel thin-layer chromatography (TLC). The total lipid materials were detected using molybdatophosphoric acid, and the functional groups were determined using spray reagents specific for particular functional groups (Tindall et al. 2007). Polar lipids were determined using 2D TLC (Minnikin et al. 1984). In order to analyse respiratory quinones, strain NE82 T grew in R2A liquid medium at 30°C for 4 days was collected and freeze-dried. The procedures were carried out according to the methods described by Minnikin et al. (1984), and quinone type was separated by HPLC (Hiraishi et al. 1996). Results and discussion 16S rRNA gene sequence and phylogenetic analysis The 16S rRNA gene sequence extracted from the genome assembly was 1491 bp (MG385132.2), which included the 16S rRNA gene sequence acquired from PCR and clone. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, R. frigidaeris JCM 32945 T （97.2% sequence similarity）, P. ruber JCM 9931 T (96.4% sequence similarity) and the following D. rubra JCM 30602 T (95.8% sequence similarity) were the most closely related type strains to NE82 T . In the neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree (Fig. 1), the strain NE82 T formed a cluster with R. frigidaeris JCM 32945 T , the only one species of the genus Roseicella . Phylogenetic trees were also constructed using the maximum-likelihood and maximum-parsimony algorithms (Fig. S1 and Fig. S2, available with the online Supplementary Information), which supported the result above. Genomic analysis The draft genome sequence of strain NE82 T was 5.9 Mb in length and produced 238 contigs. Contigs varied in length from 211 bp to 414,331 bp (N50 = 166,730 bp). The G+C content of the genomic DNA of strain NE82 T was 72.0 mol%. The draft genome of strain NE82 T contained 5,532 genes, one 16S rRNA and 55 tRNAs annotated by the NCBI Prokaryotic Genome Annotation Pipeline. KEGG pathway annotation predicted that strain NE82 T could degrade aromatic hydrocarbon, such as benzoate. Besides, the result of prediction also showed that NE82 T could translate thiosulfate to sulfate via thiosulfate oxidation by SOX complex, which contributed to the sulfur cycle on Earth. Moreover, the draft genome sequence of R. frigidaeris JCM 32945 T , P. ruber JCM 9931 T and D. rubra JCM 30602 T were also sequenced with the 100X sequencing depth, the length were 5.8 MB, 7.2 Mb and 7.8 Mb, respectively. R. frigidaeris JCM 32945 T produced 87 contigs with an N50 of 187085 bp (Khan et al. 2019), P. ruber JCM 9931 T produced 786 contigs (203 bp to 188,134 bp) while D. rubra JCM 30602 T produced 458 contigs (202 bp to 363,070 bp). N50 of P. ruber JCM 9931 T and D. rubra JCM 30602 T were 22,677 bp and 79,244 bp. The ANI between strain NE82 T and R. frigidaeris JCM 32945 T , P. ruber JCM 9931 T , D. rubra JCM 30602 T were 83.3%, 84.1% and 83.4%, respectively. The dDDH between strain NE82 T and R. frigidaeris JCM 32945 T , P. ruber JCM 9931 T , D. rubra JCM 30602 T was 27.2%, 27.6% and 26.8%, respectively. According to the proposed and generally accepted species boundary, ANI value <95% or dDDH value <70% means that the strain is a novel species (Rodriguezr and Konstantinidis 2016; Meier-Kolthoff et al. 2013), which proved strain NE82 T was a novel species distinguishable from the closely related type strains. Morphological, physiological and biochemical characterizations Cells of strain NE82 T were ellipsoidal, approximately 0.4-0.9 µm in diameter, which was found to be Gram-stain-negative, non-motile and facultatively aerobic. Colonies were red-pigmented, circular and measured about 1.0 mm in diameter on R2A agar. Growth of strain NE82 T was found to occur between 15 and 42°C (optimum 28-33°C), pH 5.5-8.5 (optimum pH 7.0-7.5) and in the presence of 0-1.0% (w/v) NaCl (optimum 0%). Strain NE82 T could not grow under anaerobic conditions, with or without 1% (w/v) KNO 3 , after two weeks’ cultivation in an anaerobic chambre on R2A at 30°C. The test for the reduction of nitrate was positive and strain NE82 T also had catalase activity, which is consistent with R. frigidaeris JCM 32945 T . The hydrolysis of Tweens 20, 40, 60 were detected, but starch, casein, cellulose, alginate and Tween 80 were not hydrolysed, while the most close related strain R. frigidaeris JCM 32945 T could not hydrolyse Tween 20. These results were same with P . ruber JCM 9931 T [20], but displayed little difference with D. rubra JCM 30602 T , which could hydrolysing Tween 80. Carotenoid was present in strain NE82 T , R. frigidaeris JCM 32945 T (Khan et al. 2019) and P . ruber JCM 9931 T , while P . ruber JCM 9931 T also contained Bacteriochlorophyll a (Saitoh et al. 1998). Strain NE82 T was found to be susceptible to carbenicillin (100 µg), chloramphenicol (30 µg), penicillin (10 µg), tetracycline (30 µg), ampicillin (10 µg), kanamycin (30 µg), cefotaxime sodium (30 µg), erythromycin (15 µg), streptomycin (10 µg), tobramycin (10 µg), rifampicin (5 µg), gentamicin (10 µg), but resistant to norfloxacin (30 µg), vancomycin (30 µg), lincomycin (2 µg), clindamycin (30 µg). Despite strain NE82 T showed many common traits with R. frigidaeris JCM 32945 T , it could be distinguished from this strain by a number of biochemical characteristics, such as the negative reaction of oxidase reaction, valine arylamidase, gelatinase and Voges–Proskauer reaction, the positive utilization of urease and citrate. The complete morphological, physiological and biochemical analyses are summarised in Table 1. Chemotaxonomic properties The predominant cellular fatty acids of strain NE82 T were summed feature 8 (C 18:1 ω 7 c and C 18:1 ω 6 c ) (71%) and C 16:0 (7.9%), which also appeared in the R. frigidaeris JCM 32945 T , P. ruber JCM 9931 T and D. rubra JCM 30602 T . C 18:1 2-OH was another major fatty acid in R. frigidaeris JCM 32945 T (10.0%). In addition, D. rubra JCM 30602 T had another two types of fatty acid as main fatty acids, which were summed feature 3 (C 16:1 ω 7 c and/or C 16:1 ω 6 c ) (18.5%) and C 16:0 (14.0%). The detailed fatty acid compositions of strain NE82 T and its closely related type strains are showed in Table 2. The major polar lipids of strain NE82 T were phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), an unidentified aminophospholipid (APL1) and an unidentified phospholipid (PL1) (Fig. S5). While the phosphatidylcholine (PC) was not detected in R. frigidaeris JCM 32945 T , and there were four unidentified lipids (L1, L2, L3, L4) and six unidentified aminolipids (AL1, AL2, AL3, AL4, AL5, AL6) in R. frigidaeris JCM 32945 T (Khan et al. 2019) . Besides, NE82 T cells had also three another unidentified phospholipids (PL2, PL3 and PL4). The detailed comparisons were listed in Table 1. The sole menaquinone was Q-10, which was same with the closely related type strains. According to all these results of phenotypic, biochemical and physiological analyses, together with the phylogenetic differences, strain NE82 T can be assigned to the genus Roseicella within the family Acetobacteraceae , as representing a novel species, for which the name Roseicella aquatilis sp. nov. is proposed. Description of Roseicella aquatilis sp. nov. Roseicella aquatilis (a.qua’ti.lis. L. masc. adj. aquatilis living, growing or found in, or near, water, aquatic). Cells are ellipsoidal, approximately 0.4-0.9 μm in diameter, Gram-stain-negative, non-motile and facultatively aerobic. Colonies are red-pigmented, circular and 1.0 mm in diameter after incubation at 30°C for four days. Cells are able to grow at 15-42°C, pH 5.5-8.5 and in the presence of 0-1.0% (w/v) NaCl and its optimal growth is at 28-33°C, pH 7.0-7.5, with 0% NaCl. Cells can reduce nitrate and are catalase positive, but oxidase negative. Tweens 20, 40, 60 are hydrolysed, but starch, casein, cellulose, alginate, and Tween 80 are not hydrolysed. Cells can produce alkaline phosphatase, esterase (C4), naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase, and leucine arylamidase, but the results for the production of esterase lipase (C8), lipase (C14), valine arylamidase, cycstine arylamidase, trypsin, ɑ -chymotrypsin, acid phosphatase, ɑ -galactosidase, β -galactosidase, β -glucuronidase, ɑ -glucosidase, β -glucosidase, N -acetyl- β -glucosaminidase, ɑ -mannosidase, β -fucosidase are negative. Positive for citrate utilization, urease, but negative for o-nitrophenyl- β -D-galactopyranoside, ornithine decarboxylase, H 2 S production, indole production, Voges-Proskauer reaction and the tests of arabinose. Acids are produced from L-arabinose (weakly), D-Ribose (weakly), D-xylose (weakly), L-xylose (weakly), L-rhamnose (weakly), potassium gluconate (weakly)，potassium 5-ketogluconate (weakly), but not from glycerol, erythritol, D-arabinose, methyl- β -D-xylopyranoside, D-galactose, D-glucose, D-fructose, D-mannose and so forth. The sole menaquinone is Q-10. The main polar lipids are phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), an aminophospholipid (APL1), an unidentified phospholipids (PL1) and the dominant fatty acids are summed feature 8 (C 18:1 ω 7 c and C 18:1 ω 6 c ). The type strain, NE82 T (＝KCTC 62412 T ＝MCCC 1H00292 T ), was isolated from Jiugongli Lake in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China (106°49.721' E, 40°32.476' N). The DNA G+C content of the strain is 72.0 mol%. The GenBank accession numbers of strain NE82 T for the 16S rRNA gene and genome sequences are MG385132 and SKBM00000000, respectively. Declarations Acknowledgements The implementation of scanning electron microscope was supported by the Physical-Chemical Materials Analytical and Testing Center of Shandong University at Weihai. Funding information This work was supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (31770002, 32070002). Conflicts of interests and ethical statements The authors declare that they have conflict of interest. This article does not contain any studies with animals performed by any of the authors. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. References Bernardet JF, Holmes B, Nakagawa Y (2002) Proposed minimal standards for describing new taxa of the family Flavobacteriaceae and emended description of the family. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 52:1049–1070. 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Characteristic 1 2 3 4 Cell size (μm) 0.4-0.9 0.8-1 a 0.8-1.5 b 2 c Colony color Red Pink-rose Red Red Optimal cnditions for growth NaCl (%, w/v) 0 0 a 0 b 0 c Temperature(°C) 28-33 30 a 30-34 b 28 c pH 7.0-7.5 7.0 a 6.6-6.8 b 7.0 c Oxidase reaction - + a + b + c Hydrolysis of Tween 80 - - - + DNA G+C content (mol%) 72.0 72.5 a 71.0 b 72.7 c Enzyme activities (API ZYM and 20E) Arginine dihydrolase - - + - citrate utilization + - + + Voges–Proskauer reaction - + - - gelatinase - + - - valine arylamidase - + - - Urease + - - + Arabinose - - + - Acid production from (API 50 CHB) D-Arabinose - - + + L-arabinose w - + + methyl-βD-xylopyranoside - + - - L-sorbose - + - - esculin ferric citrate - + - - D-tagatose - + - - potassium gluconate w + - - potassium 2-ketogluconate - + - - Oxidation of (BIOLOG GEN III) α -D-glucose - + + - D-Salicin - + - - D-Fucose + - + + L-Fucose + - + + myo-Inositol - + - - L-Glutamic Acid + - + - D-Fructose-6-PO4 + + - - L-Serine + - - - Mucic Acid + - + + D-Saccharic Acid + - + + α-Hydroxy-butyric Acid - + + - Acetic Acid + - + + D-Galactose - - + + Quinic Acid - - + + Bromo-Succinic Acid - - + + ρ -Hydroxy-phenylacectic acid + - - - Glycyl-L-Proline - - - + D-Lactic acid methyl ester - - - + D-Gluconic acid - - + + Glycerol - - - + L-Rhamnose - - + - Polar lipids* PE, PC, PG, PL, APL PE, PG, PL, APL, L, AL a ND PC, PG, PE, AL c All data were from this study, except where indicated otherwise. All strains were able to reduce nitrate, produce catalase, and hydrolyse Tweens 40, and 60, but not hydrolyse casein and starch. All strains were positive for the production of alkaline phosphatase, esterase (C4), acid phosphatase, leucine arylamidase and naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase, but negative for lipase (C14), valine arylamidase, cystine arylamidase, trypsin, α -chymotrypsin, α -galactosidase, β -galactosidase, β -glucuronidase, α -glucosidase, β -glucosidase, α -mannosidase, α -fucosidase. All strains could produce acid from D-Ribose, L-xylose and potassium 5-ketogluconate. +, positive; -, negative; w, weakly positive; ND, not determined. Data from: a, Khan et al. 2019; b, Saitoh et al. 1998; c, Kim et al.2016. *PE: phosphatidylethanolamine; PC: phosphatidylcholine; PG: phosphatidylglycerol; APL: aminophospholipid; PL: phospholipid; L: lipids; AL: aminolipids. Table 2 Cellular fatty acid composition (%) of strain NE82 T and the closely related type strains. Strains: 1, NE82 T ; 2, Roseicella frigidaeris JCM 32945 T ; 3, Paracraurococcus ruber JCM 9931 T ; 4, Dankookia rubra JCM 30602 T . Data represent the percent of the total fatty acids as determined by the Microbial Identification System software. All data were obtained from this study. Fatty acids that represented 10.0 % are indicated in bold type. TR, Traces (<0.5 %); –, not detected. Fatty acid 1 2 3 4 Saturated C 1 2 :0 TR TR 0.6 0.5 C 1 4 :0 TR TR 0.8 1.6 C 16:0 7.9 7.5 10.6 14.0 C 18:0 TR 0.9 3.0 2.4 unsaturated C 1 6 :1 ω 5 c 0.6 0.6 TR 0.6 C 17:1 ω 8 c TR - - - C 1 8 :1 ω 5 c 0.7 1.0 TR TR Hydroxy C 8 :0 3-OH TR - - - C 16:0 2-OH 0.6 TR TR 0.5 C 16:0 3-OH 1.0 0.8 TR 0.8 C 18:1 2-OH 6.7 10.0 5.6 6.2 Summed features 2 1.0 0.8 1.0 0.8 3 5.8 1.0 5.6 18.5 5 0.8 0.8 TR 1.3 8 71.0 74.7 69.4 50.2 *Summed features are groups of two or three fatty acids that are treated together for the purpose of evaluation in the MIDI system and include both peaks with discrete equivalent chain-lengths (ECLs) as well as those where the ECLs are not reported separately. Summed feature 2 was listed as iso-C 16:1 I and/or C 14:0 3-OH; summed feature 3 was listed as C 16:1 ω 7 c and/or C 16:1 ω 6 c ; summed feature 5 was listed as C 18:0 ante and/or C 18:2 ω 6, 9 c ; summed feature 8 was listed as C 18:1 ω 7c and C 18:1 ω 6c. Supplementary Files SupplementaryMaterial.docx Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Reviews received at journal 15 Feb, 2022 Reviewers invited by journal 13 Feb, 2022 Editor assigned by journal 13 Feb, 2022 First submitted to journal 11 Feb, 2022 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-1349643","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":83456975,"identity":"a3ee9263-c748-42ce-ac50-0d5fe6b290d6","order_by":0,"name":"zongjun du","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA4ElEQVRIiWNgGAWjYDCCA2CSjYGBvYFBAshibCBeC88B0rQAgUQCkVr4bqQ/fFzwiy9xu+Tzh7d5GGxkNxxgfvYAnxbJGwnJxjP72BJ3zs4xtuZhSDPecIDN3ACfFoMbCcekeXvYEjfczmGT5mE4nLjhAA+bBH4tiW0QLTePPwNq+U+MlmSg4T+AWm4wmAG1HCCsRfLMM2Zj3gY24w1ncowt5xgAPXaYzQyvFr7jwBDj+XNMdsPx4w9vvKmwk+073vwMrxYwYGw7BnMnEDMTVA8Cf2qIUjYKRsEoGAUjFAAAy11LwmvASo4AAAAASUVORK5CYII=","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7886-5667","institution":"Shandong University","correspondingAuthor":true,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"zongjun","middleName":"","lastName":"du","suffix":""},{"id":83456971,"identity":"04f11df4-d0c4-45f4-a6b4-daff2f3566d5","order_by":1,"name":"Dandan Zhang","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Shandong University","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Dandan","middleName":"","lastName":"Zhang","suffix":""},{"id":83456972,"identity":"68a0b2e3-c16a-478c-81ce-4cbc35f4c052","order_by":2,"name":"Ya-Nan Zhao","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Shandong University","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Ya-Nan","middleName":"","lastName":"Zhao","suffix":""},{"id":83456973,"identity":"efa3179c-0c23-40ec-b548-885448f7afd9","order_by":3,"name":"Rui-Han He","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Shandong University","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Rui-Han","middleName":"","lastName":"He","suffix":""},{"id":83456974,"identity":"c3ccec06-dd01-4f5c-abec-8a67523a4528","order_by":4,"name":"Yu-Qi Yan","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Shandong University","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Yu-Qi","middleName":"","lastName":"Yan","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2022-02-11 10:35:39","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-1349643/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1349643/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":18241701,"identity":"1aae3a70-121b-4ab3-92f9-b8c78a37d295","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2022-02-15 15:23:07","extension":"jpg","order_by":1,"title":"Figure 1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":485016,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003ePhylogenetic tree constructed with 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis using the neighbor-joining method showing the position of strain NE82\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e among related taxa. The strain characterized in this study is shown in bold type. GenBank accession numbers of 16S rRNA gene sequences are given in parentheses. Numbers at nodes are bootstrap values (\u0026gt;70%) based on neighbor-joining analysis of 1000 resampled datasets. \u003cem\u003eRhodovibrio salinarum \u003c/em\u003eNCIMB 2243\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e (D14432) was used as an out group. The scale bar indicates 0.0100 substitutions per nucleotide position.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"1.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-1349643/v1/6dbab9e0e009c4f004971dae.jpg"},{"id":18241720,"identity":"be0c3c9d-cfc5-49f5-a668-e431039977e3","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2022-02-15 15:23:10","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":481973,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-1349643/v1/94cc37b6-d0d8-48f6-bebf-bf269ad903a0.pdf"},{"id":18241702,"identity":"d819efad-041c-4d19-9ea7-f31138d20dd9","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2022-02-15 15:23:07","extension":"docx","order_by":6,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":869440,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"SupplementaryMaterial.docx","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-1349643/v1/ab12a3f9aecaba9d62d36aae.docx"}],"financialInterests":"","formattedTitle":"Roseicella aquatilis sp. nov., isolated from freshwater lake","fulltext":[{"header":"Introduction","content":"\u003cp\u003eAt the time of writing, there is only one species with validly published name in the genus \u003cem\u003eRoseicella\u003c/em\u003e, which is \u003cem\u003eR. frigidaeris\u003c/em\u003e (Khan et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR10\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2019\u003c/span\u003e). The genus belongs to the family \u003cem\u003eAcetobacteraceae\u003c/em\u003e in the order \u003cem\u003eRhodospirillales\u003c/em\u003e. Member of genus \u003cem\u003eRoseicella\u003c/em\u003e is Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, facultatively aerobic, coccus with catalase- and oxidase- positive, could not hydrolyse gelatin and casein, does not utilize sulfate as sole sulfur source, and has Q-10 as quinone system (Khan et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR10\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2019\u003c/span\u003e). In this paper, a novel catalase-positive, red-pigmented, facultatively aerobic strain, NE82\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e, was characterized. Based on phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic analyses, strain NE82\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e was classified into the genus \u003cem\u003eRoseicella\u003c/em\u003e, with the name \u003cem\u003eRoseicella aquatilis\u003c/em\u003e sp. nov..\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Materials And Methods","content":"\u003ch2\u003eBacterial isolation and cultivation\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor the study of bacterial diversity from the fresh lake,\u0026nbsp;sample\u0026nbsp;was obtained from mud in Jiugongli Lake in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China (106\u0026deg;49.721\u0026apos; E,\u0026nbsp;40\u0026deg;32.476\u0026apos;\u0026nbsp;N). The sample was serially diluted to 10\u003csup\u003e-4\u003c/sup\u003e with sterile distilled water, and 0.1 ml aliquots of each dilution were spread onto R2A agar (Difco). After the incubation at 30\u0026deg;C for 5 days, a red-pigmented colony was obtained and designated as NE82\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e, which was\u0026nbsp;stored at\u0026nbsp;-80\u0026deg;C in sterile 15.0% (v/v) glycerol supplemented with 1.0% (v/v) NaCl.\u0026nbsp;The type strains \u003cem\u003eR.\u0026nbsp;frigidaeris\u003c/em\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.jcm.riken.jp/cgi-bin/jcm/jcm_number?JCM=32945\" target=\"https://lpsn.dsmz.de/species/_blank\"\u003eJCM 32945\u003c/a\u003e\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e, \u003cem\u003eParacraurococcus ruber\u003c/em\u003e JCM 9931\u003csup\u003eT\u0026nbsp;\u003c/sup\u003eand\u0026nbsp;\u003cem\u003eDankookia\u003c/em\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003cem\u003erubra\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003eJCM 30602\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e,\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003eobtained from the Japan Collection of Microorganisms (JCM),\u0026nbsp;were\u0026nbsp;the most closely related type\u0026nbsp;strains\u0026nbsp;with strain NE82\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e for physiological and chemotaxonomic characterizations.\u0026nbsp;All closely related\u0026nbsp;type\u0026nbsp;strains were cultured under the same conditions as strain NE82\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003e16S rRNA gene sequence and phylogenetic analysis\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe 16S rRNA gene was amplified by PCR using two universal primers 27F and 1492R (Liu et al. 2014). Then amplification products purified ligated to the vector pGM-T (Tiangen). Sequencing reactions were carried out using an ABI BigDye 3.1 Sequencing Kit (Applied Biosystems, Waltham, MA, USA) and an automated DNA sequencer (model ABI 3730; Applied Biosystems).\u0026nbsp;Similar sequences of\u0026nbsp;the nearly complete 16S rRNA gene sequence (1433 bp, MG385132.1) of\u0026nbsp;strain\u0026nbsp;NE82\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e were searched for using the BLAST algorithm. Identification of phylogenetic\u0026nbsp;relationships\u0026nbsp;and calculation of pairwise 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities used the NCBI BLASTN\u0026nbsp;(https://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/)\u0026nbsp;as well as the EzTaxon server (Kim et al. 2012). Sequences were aligned using the alignment program, CLUSTAL_X (version 1.81) (Thompson et al. 1997). Phylogenetic trees were reconstructed based on the phylogenetic analysis using the neighbour-joining (Saitou and Nei 1987), the maximum-likelihood (Felsenstein 1981) and maximum-parsimony (Fitch 1971)\u0026nbsp;methods implemented in MEGA (version 7.0) (Kumar et al. 2016).\u0026nbsp;Bootstrap values were determined based on 1000 replicates for each of the three methods. In addition, full length\u0026nbsp;16S rRNA gene sequence\u0026nbsp;extracted from the genome assembly was compared with the\u0026nbsp;16S rRNA gene sequence obtained by\u0026nbsp;Sanger method.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eGenomic analysis\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe genomes of strain NE82\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e, \u003cem\u003eP. ruber\u003c/em\u003e JCM 9931\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e and\u0026nbsp;\u003cem\u003eD. rubra\u003c/em\u003e JCM 30602\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e were sequenced by Beijing Novogene Biotechnology Co., Ltd (Beijing, China) using Illumina HiSeq.\u0026nbsp;The genome\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;\u003cem\u003eR. frigidaeris\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.jcm.riken.jp/cgi-bin/jcm/jcm_number?JCM=32945\" target=\"https://lpsn.dsmz.de/species/_blank\"\u003eJCM 32945\u003c/a\u003e\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e were obtained from NCBI\u0026nbsp;(QLIX00000000).\u0026nbsp;The sequencing depth of coverage was 100X. The gene content was annotated by the NCBI Prokaryotic Genome Annotation Pipeline\u0026nbsp;(Tatusova et al. 2016; Haft et al. 2018)\u0026nbsp;and the genes included in the metabolic pathways were analyzed by KEGG Database\u0026nbsp;(Kanehisa et al. 2016). The integrity of 16S rRNA gene was checked by\u0026nbsp;ContEst16S\u0026nbsp;(Lee et al. 2017). To determine if the strain NE82\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e was a new species, the average nucleotide identity (ANI) was calculated by Web service (\u003ca href=\"http://enve-omics.ce.gat\"\u003ehttp://enve-omics.ce.gat\u003c/a\u003e) (Rodriguezr and Konstantinidis 2016)\u0026nbsp;between strain NE82\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e and the closely\u0026nbsp;type\u0026nbsp;strains. Besides, the digital DNA-DNA hybridisation (dDDH) was also calculated by GGDC (\u003ca href=\"http://ggdc.dsmz.de/ggdc.php/\"\u003ehttp://ggdc.dsmz.de/ggdc.php/\u003c/a\u003e) (Meier-Kolthoff et al. 2013).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eMorphological, physiological and biochemical analyses\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCells of\u0026nbsp;strain\u0026nbsp;NE82\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e grew on R2A at 30\u0026deg;C for 4 days, were used for morphological and physiological tests. Cell morphology and size were examined by transmission electron microscopy (JEM-1200EX), and light microscopic examinations were performed using an E600 Nikon light microscope (Tokyo, Japan) to supplement. Gram reactions of\u0026nbsp;strain\u0026nbsp;NE82\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e were assessed as described by Smibert and Krieg (1994) and the examination of motility was carried out according to the hanging-drop method (Bernardet et al. 2002). The temperature range for growth of strain NE82\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e was evaluated at 0, 4, 15, 25, 28, 30, 33, 37, 40, 42 and 45\u0026deg;C on R2A agar and results were recorded every 12 h. The effects of NaCl concentration on growth was examined on R2A medium supplemented with different concentrations of NaCl (0%, 0.5%, and 1-10% in 1% increments, w/v). The pH range for growth was determined using modified R2A broth at pH 5.5-10.0 (in 0.5 unit intervals). The different buffers [MES (pH 5.5 and 6.0), PIPES (pH 6.5 and 7.0), HEPES (pH 7.5 and 8.0), Tricine (pH 8.5) and CAPSO (pH 9.0, 9.5 and 10.0) (Sangon)] were added to different levels at concentrations of 20 mM, and the pH of the medium was adjusted by adding 1 M HCl or NaOH before autoclaving. Then ranges of pH were investigated on 96-well microplates by measuring the OD\u003csub\u003e600\u003c/sub\u003e.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGrowth under anaerobic conditions was determined after cultivation in an anaerobic chamber on modified\u0026nbsp;R2A, with or without 1% (w/v) KNO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e for at least 2 weeks at\u0026nbsp;30\u0026deg;C.\u0026nbsp;The modified R2A in test tubes supplemented with 1% (v/v) nitrate was used for test of the reduction of nitrate. The inoculated and uninoculated test tubes were all placed in aerobic and anaerobic conditions at 30\u0026deg;C for 7 days.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOxidase activity was tested using the bioMerieux Oxidase Reagent kit according to the manufacturer\u0026rsquo;s instructions, and catalase activity was detected by measuring the production of oxygen bubbles in a 3% (v/v) aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution. The hydrolysis tests of starch, lipids, cellulose and alginate, starch, lipids, Tweens 20, 40, 60 and 80 were determined as described by Smibert and\u0026nbsp;Krieg\u0026nbsp;(1994). The pigments of strain NE82\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e were extracted with 3 ml acetone/methanol (7:2, v/v) per gram of wet pellet and the absorption spectra were determined at 300-800 nm with a Hitachi U-2910 spectrophotometer. Additionally, pigments were also extracted from cell pellets as described in the article (Cha et al. 2011).\u0026nbsp;Susceptibility to antibiotics was investigated on R2A agar at 30\u0026deg;C for 7 days using filter-paper discs containing various antibiotics as described previously (Du et al. 2014) and according to procedures outlined by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI 2018).\u0026nbsp;Additional physiological and biochemical characteristics were assessed using the API 20E, API ZYM, and API 50CHB strips (bioM\u0026eacute;rieux, Marcy-l\u0026apos;\u0026Eacute;toile, France) and the Biolog GEN III System according to the manufacturers\u0026rsquo; recommendations, with the exception that the NaCl concentration was adjusted to 3% (w/v).\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eChemotaxonomic properties\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor the determination of fatty acids, cells of\u0026nbsp;strain\u0026nbsp;NE82\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e and closely related\u0026nbsp;type\u0026nbsp;strains were cultured on the R2A agar at 30\u0026deg;C\u0026nbsp;and harvested after 4 days for growth.\u0026nbsp;According to the standard protocol of MIDI (Sherlock Microbial Identification System, version 4.5), fatty acids were extracted, then methylated and analysed by an Agilent 6890N gas chromatograph. Cellular fatty acids were identified using the TSBA40 database of the microbial identification system (Sasser 1990).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor the polar lipids analysis, three strains were cultured in the\u0026nbsp;liquid medium at 30\u0026deg;C\u0026nbsp;and harvested after 4 days.\u0026nbsp;Polar lipids were extracted from cells and separated via two-dimensional silica gel thin-layer chromatography (TLC). The total lipid materials were detected using molybdatophosphoric acid, and the functional groups were determined using spray reagents specific for particular functional groups (Tindall et al. 2007). Polar lipids were determined using 2D TLC (Minnikin et al. 1984).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn order to analyse respiratory quinones, strain NE82\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e grew in R2A liquid medium at 30\u0026deg;C for 4 days was collected and freeze-dried. The procedures were carried out according to the methods described by Minnikin et al. (1984), and quinone type was separated by HPLC (Hiraishi et al. 1996).\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Results and discussion","content":"\u003ch2\u003e16S rRNA gene sequence and phylogenetic analysis\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe 16S rRNA gene sequence extracted from the genome assembly was 1491 bp (MG385132.2), which included the 16S rRNA gene sequence acquired from PCR and clone. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequences,\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003cem\u003eR. frigidaeris\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.jcm.riken.jp/cgi-bin/jcm/jcm_number?JCM=32945\" target=\"https://lpsn.dsmz.de/species/_blank\"\u003eJCM 32945\u003c/a\u003e\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e（97.2% sequence similarity）, \u003cem\u003eP. ruber\u003c/em\u003e JCM 9931\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e (96.4% sequence similarity) and the following \u003cem\u003eD. rubra\u003c/em\u003e JCM 30602\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e (95.8% sequence similarity) were the most closely related type strains to NE82\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e.\u0026nbsp;In the neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree (Fig. 1), the strain NE82\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e formed a cluster with \u003cem\u003eR. frigidaeris\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.jcm.riken.jp/cgi-bin/jcm/jcm_number?JCM=32945\" target=\"https://lpsn.dsmz.de/species/_blank\"\u003eJCM 32945\u003c/a\u003e\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e, the only one species of the genus \u003cem\u003eRoseicella\u003c/em\u003e.\u0026nbsp;Phylogenetic trees were also constructed using the maximum-likelihood and maximum-parsimony algorithms (Fig. S1 and Fig. S2, available with the online Supplementary Information), which supported the result above.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eGenomic analysis\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe draft genome sequence of\u0026nbsp;strain NE82\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e was 5.9 Mb in length and produced 238 contigs. Contigs varied in length from 211 bp to 414,331 bp (N50 = 166,730 bp).\u0026nbsp;The G+C content of the genomic DNA of strain NE82\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e was 72.0 mol%. The draft genome of strain NE82\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e contained 5,532 genes, one 16S rRNA and 55 tRNAs annotated by the NCBI Prokaryotic Genome Annotation Pipeline. KEGG pathway annotation predicted that\u0026nbsp;strain\u0026nbsp;NE82\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e could degrade aromatic hydrocarbon, such as benzoate.\u0026nbsp;Besides, the result of prediction also showed that NE82\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e could translate thiosulfate to sulfate via thiosulfate oxidation by SOX complex, which contributed to the sulfur cycle on Earth. Moreover, the draft genome sequence of\u0026nbsp;\u003cem\u003eR. frigidaeris\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.jcm.riken.jp/cgi-bin/jcm/jcm_number?JCM=32945\" target=\"https://lpsn.dsmz.de/species/_blank\"\u003eJCM 32945\u003c/a\u003e\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e,\u003csup\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/sup\u003e\u003cem\u003eP. ruber\u003c/em\u003e JCM 9931\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e and\u0026nbsp;\u003cem\u003eD. rubra\u003c/em\u003e JCM 30602\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e were also sequenced with the 100X sequencing depth, the length were 5.8 MB, 7.2 Mb and 7.8 Mb, respectively.\u0026nbsp;\u003cem\u003eR. frigidaeris\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.jcm.riken.jp/cgi-bin/jcm/jcm_number?JCM=32945\" target=\"https://lpsn.dsmz.de/species/_blank\"\u003eJCM 32945\u003c/a\u003e\u003csup\u003eT\u0026nbsp;\u003c/sup\u003eproduced 87 contigs with an N50 of 187085 bp (Khan et al. 2019), \u003cem\u003eP. ruber\u003c/em\u003e JCM 9931\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e produced 786 contigs (203 bp to 188,134 bp) while\u0026nbsp;\u003cem\u003eD. rubra\u003c/em\u003e JCM 30602\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e produced 458 contigs (202 bp to 363,070 bp). N50 of\u0026nbsp;\u003cem\u003eP. ruber\u003c/em\u003e JCM 9931\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e and\u0026nbsp;\u003cem\u003eD. rubra\u003c/em\u003e JCM 30602\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e were 22,677 bp and 79,244 bp.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe ANI between strain NE82\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e and\u0026nbsp;\u003cem\u003eR. frigidaeris\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.jcm.riken.jp/cgi-bin/jcm/jcm_number?JCM=32945\" target=\"https://lpsn.dsmz.de/species/_blank\"\u003eJCM 32945\u003c/a\u003e\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e,\u0026nbsp;\u003cem\u003eP. ruber\u003c/em\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003eJCM 9931\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e,\u0026nbsp;\u003cem\u003eD. rubra\u003c/em\u003e JCM 30602\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e were 83.3%, 84.1% and 83.4%, respectively. The dDDH between strain NE82\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e and\u0026nbsp;\u003cem\u003eR. frigidaeris\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.jcm.riken.jp/cgi-bin/jcm/jcm_number?JCM=32945\" target=\"https://lpsn.dsmz.de/species/_blank\"\u003eJCM 32945\u003c/a\u003e\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e,\u0026nbsp;\u003cem\u003eP. ruber\u003c/em\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003eJCM 9931\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e,\u0026nbsp;\u003cem\u003eD. rubra\u003c/em\u003e JCM 30602\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e was 27.2%, 27.6% and 26.8%, respectively. According to the proposed and generally accepted species boundary, ANI value \u0026lt;95% or dDDH value \u0026lt;70% means that the strain is a novel species (Rodriguezr and Konstantinidis 2016;\u0026nbsp;Meier-Kolthoff et al. 2013), which proved strain NE82\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e was a novel species distinguishable from the closely related\u0026nbsp;type\u0026nbsp;strains.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eMorphological, physiological and biochemical characterizations\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCells of strain NE82\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e were ellipsoidal, approximately 0.4-0.9 \u0026micro;m in diameter, which was found to be Gram-stain-negative, non-motile and\u0026nbsp;facultatively\u0026nbsp;aerobic. Colonies were red-pigmented, circular and measured about 1.0 mm in diameter on R2A agar. Growth of strain NE82\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e was found to occur between 15 and 42\u0026deg;C (optimum 28-33\u0026deg;C), pH 5.5-8.5 (optimum pH 7.0-7.5) and in the presence of 0-1.0% (w/v) NaCl (optimum 0%).\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStrain NE82\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e could not grow under anaerobic conditions,\u0026nbsp;with or without 1% (w/v) KNO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e,\u0026nbsp;after two weeks\u0026rsquo; cultivation in an anaerobic chambre on R2A at 30\u0026deg;C. The test for the reduction of nitrate was positive and\u0026nbsp;strain\u0026nbsp;NE82\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e also\u0026nbsp;had\u0026nbsp;catalase activity, which is consistent with\u0026nbsp;\u003cem\u003eR. frigidaeris\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.jcm.riken.jp/cgi-bin/jcm/jcm_number?JCM=32945\" target=\"https://lpsn.dsmz.de/species/_blank\"\u003eJCM 32945\u003c/a\u003e\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e.\u0026nbsp;The hydrolysis of Tweens 20, 40, 60 were detected, but starch, casein, cellulose, alginate and Tween 80 were not hydrolysed, while the most close related strain\u0026nbsp;\u003cem\u003eR. frigidaeris\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.jcm.riken.jp/cgi-bin/jcm/jcm_number?JCM=32945\" target=\"https://lpsn.dsmz.de/species/_blank\"\u003eJCM 32945\u003c/a\u003e\u003csup\u003eT\u0026nbsp;\u003c/sup\u003ecould not hydrolyse Tween 20.\u0026nbsp;These results were same with\u0026nbsp;\u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e.\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;ruber\u003c/em\u003e\u0026nbsp;JCM 9931\u003csup\u003eT\u0026nbsp;\u003c/sup\u003e[20],\u0026nbsp;but displayed little difference with\u0026nbsp;\u003cem\u003eD. rubra\u003c/em\u003e JCM 30602\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e, which\u0026nbsp;could\u0026nbsp;hydrolysing Tween 80.\u0026nbsp;Carotenoid was present in strain NE82\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e, \u003cem\u003eR. frigidaeris\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.jcm.riken.jp/cgi-bin/jcm/jcm_number?JCM=32945\" target=\"https://lpsn.dsmz.de/species/_blank\"\u003eJCM 32945\u003c/a\u003e\u003csup\u003eT\u0026nbsp;\u003c/sup\u003e(Khan et al. 2019)\u0026nbsp;and\u003csup\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/sup\u003e\u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e.\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;ruber\u003c/em\u003e\u0026nbsp;JCM 9931\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e, while \u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e.\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;ruber\u003c/em\u003e\u0026nbsp;JCM 9931\u003csup\u003eT\u0026nbsp;\u003c/sup\u003ealso contained\u0026nbsp;Bacteriochlorophyll \u003cem\u003ea\u003c/em\u003e (Saitoh et al. 1998).\u0026nbsp;Strain NE82\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e was found to be susceptible to carbenicillin (100 \u0026micro;g), chloramphenicol (30 \u0026micro;g), penicillin (10 \u0026micro;g), tetracycline (30 \u0026micro;g), ampicillin (10 \u0026micro;g), kanamycin (30 \u0026micro;g), cefotaxime sodium (30 \u0026micro;g), erythromycin (15 \u0026micro;g), streptomycin (10 \u0026micro;g), tobramycin (10 \u0026micro;g), rifampicin (5 \u0026micro;g), gentamicin (10 \u0026micro;g), but resistant to norfloxacin (30 \u0026micro;g), vancomycin (30 \u0026micro;g), lincomycin (2 \u0026micro;g), clindamycin (30 \u0026micro;g).\u0026nbsp;Despite\u0026nbsp;strain\u0026nbsp;NE82\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e showed many common traits with\u0026nbsp;\u003cem\u003eR. frigidaeris\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.jcm.riken.jp/cgi-bin/jcm/jcm_number?JCM=32945\" target=\"https://lpsn.dsmz.de/species/_blank\"\u003eJCM 32945\u003c/a\u003e\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e, it could be distinguished from this strain by a number of biochemical characteristics, such as\u0026nbsp;the negative reaction of\u0026nbsp;oxidase reaction, valine arylamidase,\u0026nbsp;gelatinase\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;Voges\u0026ndash;Proskauer reaction,\u0026nbsp;the positive utilization of urease and citrate.\u0026nbsp;The complete morphological, physiological and biochemical analyses are summarised in Table 1.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eChemotaxonomic properties\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe predominant cellular fatty acids of strain NE82\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e were\u0026nbsp;summed feature 8 (C\u003csub\u003e18:1\u003c/sub\u003e \u003cem\u003e\u0026omega;\u003c/em\u003e7\u003cem\u003ec\u003c/em\u003e and C\u003csub\u003e18:1\u003c/sub\u003e \u003cem\u003e\u0026omega;\u003c/em\u003e6\u003cem\u003ec\u003c/em\u003e) (71%) and C\u003csub\u003e16:0\u003c/sub\u003e (7.9%),\u0026nbsp;which also appeared in the\u0026nbsp;\u003cem\u003eR. frigidaeris\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.jcm.riken.jp/cgi-bin/jcm/jcm_number?JCM=32945\" target=\"https://lpsn.dsmz.de/species/_blank\"\u003eJCM 32945\u003c/a\u003e\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e, \u003cem\u003eP. ruber\u003c/em\u003e JCM 9931\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e and \u003cem\u003eD. rubra\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003eJCM 30602\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e.\u0026nbsp;C\u003csub\u003e18:1\u0026nbsp;\u003c/sub\u003e2-OH was another major fatty acid in\u0026nbsp;\u003cem\u003eR. frigidaeris\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.jcm.riken.jp/cgi-bin/jcm/jcm_number?JCM=32945\" target=\"https://lpsn.dsmz.de/species/_blank\"\u003eJCM 32945\u003c/a\u003e\u003csup\u003eT\u0026nbsp;\u003c/sup\u003e(10.0%).\u0026nbsp;In addition,\u0026nbsp;\u003cem\u003eD. rubra\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003eJCM 30602\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e had another two types of fatty acid as main fatty acids, which were\u0026nbsp;summed feature 3 (C\u003csub\u003e16:1\u003c/sub\u003e \u003cem\u003e\u0026omega;\u003c/em\u003e7\u003cem\u003ec\u003c/em\u003e and/or C\u003csub\u003e16:1\u003c/sub\u003e \u003cem\u003e\u0026omega;\u003c/em\u003e6\u003cem\u003ec\u003c/em\u003e) (18.5%) and C\u003csub\u003e16:0\u003c/sub\u003e (14.0%).\u0026nbsp;The detailed\u0026nbsp;fatty acid compositions of strain NE82\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e and its closely related\u0026nbsp;type\u0026nbsp;strains\u0026nbsp;are showed in Table 2.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe major polar lipids of strain NE82\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e were phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), an unidentified aminophospholipid (APL1) and an unidentified phospholipid (PL1) (Fig. S5).\u0026nbsp;While the\u0026nbsp;phosphatidylcholine (PC) was not detected in\u0026nbsp;\u003cem\u003eR. frigidaeris\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.jcm.riken.jp/cgi-bin/jcm/jcm_number?JCM=32945\" target=\"https://lpsn.dsmz.de/species/_blank\"\u003eJCM 32945\u003c/a\u003e\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e, and there were four unidentified lipids (L1, L2, L3, L4) and six unidentified aminolipids (AL1, AL2, AL3, AL4, AL5, AL6) in\u0026nbsp;\u003cem\u003eR. frigidaeris\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.jcm.riken.jp/cgi-bin/jcm/jcm_number?JCM=32945\" target=\"https://lpsn.dsmz.de/species/_blank\"\u003eJCM 32945\u003c/a\u003e\u003csup\u003eT\u0026nbsp;\u003c/sup\u003e(Khan\u0026nbsp;et al. 2019)\u003csup\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/sup\u003e. Besides,\u0026nbsp;NE82\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e cells had also three another\u0026nbsp;unidentified phospholipids\u0026nbsp;(PL2, PL3 and PL4).\u0026nbsp;The detailed comparisons were listed in Table 1.\u0026nbsp;The sole\u0026nbsp;menaquinone\u0026nbsp;was Q-10, which was same with the closely related\u0026nbsp;type\u0026nbsp;strains.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAccording to all these results of phenotypic, biochemical and physiological analyses, together with the phylogenetic differences, strain\u0026nbsp;NE82\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e can be assigned to the genus\u0026nbsp;\u003cem\u003eRoseicella\u003c/em\u003e within the family \u003cem\u003eAcetobacteraceae\u003c/em\u003e,\u0026nbsp;as representing a novel species, for which\u0026nbsp;the name \u003cem\u003eRoseicella aquatilis\u003c/em\u003e sp. nov. is proposed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eDescription of\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;Roseicella aquatilis\u003c/em\u003e sp. nov.\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eRoseicella aquatilis\u003c/em\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e(a.qua\u0026rsquo;ti.lis. L. masc. adj. \u003cem\u003eaquatilis\u003c/em\u003e living, growing or found in, or near, water, aquatic).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCells are ellipsoidal, approximately 0.4-0.9 \u0026mu;m in diameter, Gram-stain-negative, non-motile and facultatively aerobic. Colonies are red-pigmented, circular and 1.0 mm in diameter after incubation at 30\u0026deg;C for four days. Cells are able to grow at 15-42\u0026deg;C, pH 5.5-8.5 and in the presence of 0-1.0% (w/v) NaCl and its optimal growth is at 28-33\u0026deg;C, pH 7.0-7.5, with 0% NaCl. Cells can reduce nitrate and are catalase positive, but oxidase negative. Tweens 20, 40, 60 are hydrolysed, but starch, casein, cellulose, alginate, and Tween 80 are not hydrolysed. Cells can produce alkaline phosphatase, esterase (C4), naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase, and leucine arylamidase, but the results for the production of esterase lipase (C8), lipase (C14), valine arylamidase, cycstine arylamidase, trypsin, \u003cem\u003eɑ\u003c/em\u003e-chymotrypsin, acid phosphatase, \u003cem\u003eɑ\u003c/em\u003e-galactosidase, \u003cem\u003e\u0026beta;\u003c/em\u003e-galactosidase, \u003cem\u003e\u0026beta;\u003c/em\u003e-glucuronidase, \u003cem\u003eɑ\u003c/em\u003e-glucosidase, \u003cem\u003e\u0026beta;\u003c/em\u003e-glucosidase, \u003cem\u003eN\u003c/em\u003e-acetyl-\u003cem\u003e\u0026beta;\u003c/em\u003e-glucosaminidase, \u003cem\u003eɑ\u003c/em\u003e-mannosidase, \u003cem\u003e\u0026beta;\u003c/em\u003e-fucosidase are negative. Positive for citrate utilization, urease, but negative for o-nitrophenyl-\u003cem\u003e\u0026beta;\u003c/em\u003e-D-galactopyranoside, ornithine decarboxylase, H\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eS production, indole production, Voges-Proskauer reaction and the tests of arabinose. Acids are produced from L-arabinose (weakly), D-Ribose (weakly), D-xylose (weakly), L-xylose (weakly), L-rhamnose (weakly), potassium gluconate (weakly)，potassium 5-ketogluconate (weakly), but not from glycerol, erythritol, D-arabinose, methyl-\u003cem\u003e\u0026beta;\u003c/em\u003e-D-xylopyranoside, D-galactose, D-glucose, D-fructose, D-mannose and so forth. The\u0026nbsp;sole\u0026nbsp;menaquinone\u0026nbsp;is Q-10.\u0026nbsp;The main polar lipids are\u0026nbsp;phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), an aminophospholipid (APL1), an unidentified phospholipids (PL1)\u0026nbsp;and the dominant fatty acids are\u0026nbsp;summed feature 8 (C\u003csub\u003e18:1\u003c/sub\u003e \u003cem\u003e\u0026omega;\u003c/em\u003e7\u003cem\u003ec\u003c/em\u003e and C\u003csub\u003e18:1\u003c/sub\u003e \u003cem\u003e\u0026omega;\u003c/em\u003e6\u003cem\u003ec\u003c/em\u003e).\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe type strain, NE82\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e (＝KCTC 62412\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e＝MCCC 1H00292\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e), was isolated from Jiugongli Lake in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China (106\u0026deg;49.721\u0026apos; E, 40\u0026deg;32.476\u0026apos; N). The DNA G+C content of the strain is 72.0 mol%. The GenBank accession numbers of strain NE82\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e for the 16S rRNA gene and genome sequences are\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMG385132 and SKBM00000000, respectively.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003ch2\u003eAcknowledgements\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe implementation of scanning electron microscope was supported by the Physical-Chemical Materials Analytical and Testing Center of Shandong University at Weihai.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eFunding information\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis work was supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (31770002, 32070002).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eConflicts of interests and ethical statements\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe authors declare that they have conflict of interest.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis article does not contain any studies with animals performed by any of the authors.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInformed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eBernardet JF, Holmes B, Nakagawa Y (2002) Proposed minimal standards for describing new taxa of the family \u003cem\u003eFlavobacteriaceae\u003c/em\u003e and emended description of the family. 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J Gen Appl Microbiol 42:457\u0026ndash;469.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eKanehisa M, Sato Y, Morishima K (2016) BlastKOALA and GhostKOALA: KEGG tools for functional characterization of genome and metagenome sequences. J Mol Biol 428:726\u0026ndash;731.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eKhan S A\u0026nbsp;, \u0026nbsp;Sang E J , \u0026nbsp;Jung H S , et al. (2019) \u003cem\u003eRoseicella frigidaeris\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003egen. nov. \u0026nbsp;sp. nov. \u0026nbsp;isolated from an air-conditioning system. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, 69(5):1384-1389.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eKim OS, Cho YJ, Lee K, Yoon SH, Kim M, et al. (2012) Introducing EzTaxon-e: a prokaryotic 16S rRNA gene sequence database with phylotypes that represent uncultured species. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 62:716\u0026ndash;721.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eKim WH, Kim DH, Kang K, Ahn TY (2016) \u003cem\u003eDankookia rubra\u003c/em\u003e gen. nov., sp. nov., an alphaproteobacterium isolated from sediment of a shallow stream. J Microbiol 54:420\u0026ndash;5.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eKumar S, Stecher G, Tamura K (2016) MEGA7: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 7.0 for bigger datasets. Mol Biol Evol 1870\u0026ndash;1874.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eLee I, Chalita M, Ha SM, Na SI, Yoon SH, et al. (2017) ContEst16S: an algorithm that identifies contaminated prokaryotic genomes using 16S RNA gene sequences. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 67:2053\u0026ndash;2057.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eLiu QQ, Wang Y, Li J, Du ZJ, Chen GJ (2014) \u003cem\u003eSaccharicrinis carchari\u003c/em\u003e sp. nov., isolated from a shark, and emended descriptions of the genus \u003cem\u003eSaccharicrinis\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eSaccharicrinis fermentans\u003c/em\u003e. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 64:2204\u0026ndash;2209.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eMeier-Kolthoff JP, Auch AF, Klenk HP, G\u0026ouml;ker M (2013) Genome sequence-based species delimitation with confidence intervals and improved distance functions. BMC Bioinformatics 14:60.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eMinnikin DE, O\u0026rsquo;Donnell AG, Goodfellow M, Alderson G, Athalye M, et al. (1984) An integrated procedure for the extraction of bacterial isoprenoid quinones and polar lipids. J Microbiol Methods 2:233\u0026ndash;241.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eRodriguezr LM, Konstantinidis KT (2016) The enveomics collection: a toolbox for specialized analyses of microbial genomes and metagenomes. Peer J Prepr 4:e1900v1.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eSaitoh S , \u0026nbsp;Suzuki T , \u0026nbsp;Nishimura Y (1998) Proposal of \u003cem\u003eCraurococcus roseus\u003c/em\u003e gen. nov. \u0026nbsp;sp. nov. and \u003cem\u003eParacraurococcus ruber\u003c/em\u003e gen. nov. \u0026nbsp;sp. nov. \u0026nbsp;novel aerobic bacteriochlorophyll a-containing bacteria from soil.[J]. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 48:1043\u0026ndash;1047.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eSaitou N, Nei M (1987) The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Mol Biol Evol 4:406\u0026ndash;25.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eSasser M (1990) Identification of Bacteria by Gas Chromatography of Cellular Fatty Acids. Newark, DE.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eSmibert RM, Krieg NR (1994) Phenotypic characterization. Methods for General and Molecular Bacteriology. Washington, DC\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eTatusova T, DiCuccio M, Badretdin A, Chetvernin V, Nawrocki EP, et al. (2016) NCBI prokaryotic genome annotation pipeline. Nucleic Acids Res 44:6614\u0026ndash;24.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eThompson JD, Gibson TJ, Plewniak F, Jeanmougin F, Higgins DG (1997) The CLUSTAL_X windows interface: flexible strategies for multiple sequence alignment aided by quality analysis tools. Nucleic Acids Res 25:4876\u0026ndash;82.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eTindall B, Sikorski J, Smibert R, Krieg N (2007) Phenotypic characterization and the principles of comparative systematics. Methods for General and Molecular Microbiology. Washington, DC\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e"},{"header":"Tables","content":"\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable 1\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003eDifferential characteristics of strain NE82\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e and the closely related type strains. Strains: 1, NE82\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e; 2, \u003cem\u003eRoseicella frigidaeris\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.jcm.riken.jp/cgi-bin/jcm/jcm_number?JCM=32945\" target=\"https://lpsn.dsmz.de/species/_blank\"\u003eJCM 32945\u003c/a\u003e\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e; 3, \u003cem\u003eParacraurococcus ruber\u003c/em\u003e JCM 9931\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e; 4, \u003cem\u003eDankookia rubra\u003c/em\u003e JCM 30602\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv align=\"center\"\u003e\n \u003ctable border=\"1\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"39.795918367346935%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCharacteristic\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"16.3265306122449%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e3\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e4\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"39.795918367346935%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCell\u0026nbsp;size (\u0026mu;m)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.4-0.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.8-1\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.8-1.5\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003csup\u003ec\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"39.795918367346935%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eColony color\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRed\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePink-rose\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRed\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRed\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"6\" valign=\"top\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOptimal cnditions for growth\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"39.795918367346935%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNaCl (%, w/v)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0\u003csup\u003ec\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"39.795918367346935%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTemperature(\u0026deg;C)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28-33\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30-34\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28\u003csup\u003ec\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"39.795918367346935%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003epH\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.0-7.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.0\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.6-6.8\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.0\u003csup\u003ec\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"39.795918367346935%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOxidase reaction\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003csup\u003ec\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"39.795918367346935%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHydrolysis of\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"39.795918367346935%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTween 80\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"39.795918367346935%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDNA G+C content (mol%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e72.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e72.5\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e71.0\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e72.7\u003csup\u003ec\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"6\" valign=\"top\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEnzyme activities (API ZYM and 20E)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"39.795918367346935%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eArginine dihydrolase\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"39.795918367346935%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ecitrate utilization\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"39.795918367346935%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eVoges\u0026ndash;Proskauer reaction\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"39.795918367346935%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003egelatinase\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"39.795918367346935%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003evaline arylamidase\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"39.795918367346935%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUrease\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"39.795918367346935%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eArabinose\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"6\" valign=\"top\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAcid production from (API 50 CHB)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"39.795918367346935%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eD-Arabinose\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"39.795918367346935%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eL-arabinose\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ew\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"39.795918367346935%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003emethyl-\u0026beta;D-xylopyranoside\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"39.795918367346935%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eL-sorbose\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"39.795918367346935%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eesculin ferric citrate\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"39.795918367346935%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eD-tagatose\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"39.795918367346935%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003epotassium gluconate\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ew\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"39.795918367346935%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003epotassium 2-ketogluconate\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"6\" valign=\"top\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOxidation of (BIOLOG GEN III)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"39.795918367346935%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026alpha;\u003c/em\u003e-D-glucose\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"39.795918367346935%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eD-Salicin\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"39.795918367346935%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eD-Fucose \u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"39.795918367346935%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eL-Fucose\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"39.795918367346935%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003emyo-Inositol \u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"39.795918367346935%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eL-Glutamic Acid \u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"39.795918367346935%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eD-Fructose-6-PO4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"39.795918367346935%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eL-Serine\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"39.795918367346935%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMucic Acid\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"39.795918367346935%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eD-Saccharic Acid\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"39.795918367346935%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026alpha;-Hydroxy-butyric Acid\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"39.795918367346935%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAcetic Acid\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"39.795918367346935%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eD-Galactose \u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"39.795918367346935%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eQuinic Acid \u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"39.795918367346935%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBromo-Succinic Acid\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"39.795918367346935%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026rho;\u003c/em\u003e-Hydroxy-phenylacectic acid\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"39.795918367346935%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGlycyl-L-Proline\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"39.795918367346935%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eD-Lactic acid methyl ester\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"39.795918367346935%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eD-Gluconic acid\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"39.795918367346935%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGlycerol\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"39.795918367346935%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eL-Rhamnose\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"39.795918367346935%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePolar lipids*\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePE, PC, PG, PL, APL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePE, PG, PL, APL, L, AL\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eND\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"15.306122448979592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePC, PG, PE, AL\u003csup\u003ec\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"6\" style=\"width: 99.8888%;\" width=\"39.60674157303371%\"\u003e\n \u003cp id=\"isPasted\"\u003eAll data were from this study, except where indicated otherwise. All strains were able to reduce nitrate, produce catalase, and hydrolyse Tweens 40, and 60, but not hydrolyse casein and starch. All strains were positive for the production of alkaline phosphatase, esterase (C4), acid phosphatase, leucine arylamidase and naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase, but negative for lipase (C14), valine arylamidase, cystine arylamidase, trypsin, \u003cem\u003e\u0026alpha;\u003c/em\u003e-chymotrypsin, \u003cem\u003e\u0026alpha;\u003c/em\u003e-galactosidase, \u003cem\u003e\u0026beta;\u003c/em\u003e-galactosidase, \u003cem\u003e\u0026beta;\u003c/em\u003e-glucuronidase, \u003cem\u003e\u0026alpha;\u003c/em\u003e-glucosidase, \u003cem\u003e\u0026beta;\u003c/em\u003e-glucosidase, \u003cem\u003e\u0026alpha;\u003c/em\u003e-mannosidase, \u003cem\u003e\u0026alpha;\u003c/em\u003e-fucosidase. All strains could produce acid from D-Ribose, L-xylose and potassium 5-ketogluconate.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+, positive; -, negative; w, weakly positive; ND, not determined.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eData from:\u0026nbsp;a, Khan et al. 2019; b, Saitoh et al. 1998; c,\u0026nbsp;Kim et al.2016.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e*PE: phosphatidylethanolamine; PC: phosphatidylcholine; PG: phosphatidylglycerol; APL: aminophospholipid; PL: phospholipid; L: lipids; AL: aminolipids.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable 2\u003c/strong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003eCellular fatty acid composition (%) of strain NE82\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e and the closely related type strains.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003eStrains: 1, NE82\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e; 2, \u003cem\u003eRoseicella frigidaeris\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.jcm.riken.jp/cgi-bin/jcm/jcm_number?JCM=32945\" target=\"https://lpsn.dsmz.de/species/_blank\"\u003eJCM 32945\u003c/a\u003e\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e; 3, \u003cem\u003eParacraurococcus ruber\u003c/em\u003e JCM 9931\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e; 4, \u003cem\u003eDankookia rubra\u003c/em\u003e JCM 30602\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e. Data represent the percent of the total fatty acids as determined by the Microbial Identification System software. All data were obtained from this study. Fatty acids that represented \u0026lt;0.5 % in all columns were omitted. Fatty acids that represented \u0026gt;10.0 % are indicated in bold type. TR, Traces (\u0026lt;0.5 %); \u0026ndash;, not detected.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; margin: 0px auto;\" width=\"0\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"28.49056603773585%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFatty acid\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"16.037735849056602%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"17.92452830188679%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.92452830188679%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"19.62264150943396%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"28.49056603773585%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSaturated\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"16.037735849056602%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"17.92452830188679%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.92452830188679%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"19.62264150943396%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"28.49056603773585%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eC\u003csub\u003e1\u003c/sub\u003e\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e\u003csub\u003e:0\u003c/sub\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"16.037735849056602%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"17.92452830188679%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"17.92452830188679%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"19.62264150943396%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"28.49056603773585%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eC\u003csub\u003e1\u003c/sub\u003e\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e\u003csub\u003e:0\u003c/sub\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"16.037735849056602%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"17.92452830188679%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"17.92452830188679%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"19.62264150943396%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.49056603773585%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eC\u003csub\u003e16:0\u003c/sub\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"16.037735849056602%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"17.92452830188679%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"17.92452830188679%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e10.6\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"19.62264150943396%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e14.0\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.49056603773585%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eC\u003csub\u003e18:0\u003c/sub\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"16.037735849056602%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"17.92452830188679%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"17.92452830188679%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"19.62264150943396%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"28.49056603773585%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eunsaturated\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"16.037735849056602%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"17.92452830188679%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.92452830188679%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"19.62264150943396%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"28.49056603773585%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eC\u003csub\u003e1\u003c/sub\u003e\u003csub\u003e6\u003c/sub\u003e\u003csub\u003e:1\u003c/sub\u003e \u003cem\u003e\u0026omega;\u003c/em\u003e5\u003cem\u003ec\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"16.037735849056602%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"17.92452830188679%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"17.92452830188679%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"19.62264150943396%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.49056603773585%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eC\u003csub\u003e17:1\u003c/sub\u003e \u003cem\u003e\u0026omega;\u003c/em\u003e8\u003cem\u003ec\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"16.037735849056602%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"17.92452830188679%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"17.92452830188679%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"19.62264150943396%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"28.49056603773585%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eC\u003csub\u003e1\u003c/sub\u003e\u003csub\u003e8\u003c/sub\u003e\u003csub\u003e:1\u003c/sub\u003e \u003cem\u003e\u0026omega;\u003c/em\u003e5\u003cem\u003ec\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"16.037735849056602%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"17.92452830188679%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"17.92452830188679%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"19.62264150943396%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"28.49056603773585%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHydroxy\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"16.037735849056602%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"17.92452830188679%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.92452830188679%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"19.62264150943396%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"28.49056603773585%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eC\u003csub\u003e8\u003c/sub\u003e\u003csub\u003e:0\u003c/sub\u003e 3-OH\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"16.037735849056602%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"17.92452830188679%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"17.92452830188679%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"19.62264150943396%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.49056603773585%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eC\u003csub\u003e16:0\u003c/sub\u003e 2-OH\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"16.037735849056602%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"17.92452830188679%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"17.92452830188679%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"19.62264150943396%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.49056603773585%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eC\u003csub\u003e16:0\u003c/sub\u003e 3-OH\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"16.037735849056602%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"17.92452830188679%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"17.92452830188679%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"19.62264150943396%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.49056603773585%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eC\u003csub\u003e18:1\u003c/sub\u003e 2-OH\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"16.037735849056602%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"17.92452830188679%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e10.0\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"17.92452830188679%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"19.62264150943396%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"28.49056603773585%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSummed features\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"16.037735849056602%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"17.92452830188679%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.92452830188679%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"19.62264150943396%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.49056603773585%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"16.037735849056602%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"17.92452830188679%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"17.92452830188679%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"19.62264150943396%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.49056603773585%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"16.037735849056602%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"17.92452830188679%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"17.92452830188679%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"19.62264150943396%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e18.5\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.49056603773585%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"16.037735849056602%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"17.92452830188679%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"17.92452830188679%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"19.62264150943396%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"28.49056603773585%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"16.037735849056602%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e71.0\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"17.92452830188679%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e74.7\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"17.92452830188679%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e69.4\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"19.62264150943396%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e50.2\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"5\" style=\"width: 99.7653%;\"\u003e*Summed features are groups of two or three fatty acids that are treated together for the purpose of evaluation in the MIDI system and include both peaks with discrete equivalent chain-lengths (ECLs) as well as those where the ECLs are not reported separately. Summed feature 2 was listed as iso-C\u003csub id=\"isPasted\"\u003e16:1\u003c/sub\u003e I and/or C\u003csub\u003e14:0\u003c/sub\u003e 3-OH; summed feature 3 was listed as C\u003csub\u003e16:1\u003c/sub\u003e \u003cem\u003e\u0026omega;\u003c/em\u003e7\u003cem\u003ec\u003c/em\u003e and/or C\u003csub\u003e16:1\u003c/sub\u003e \u003cem\u003e\u0026omega;\u003c/em\u003e6\u003cem\u003ec\u003c/em\u003e; summed feature 5 was listed as C\u003csub\u003e18:0\u0026nbsp;\u003c/sub\u003eante\u0026nbsp;and/or C\u003csub\u003e18:2\u003c/sub\u003e \u003cem\u003e\u0026omega;\u003c/em\u003e6, 9\u003cem\u003ec\u003c/em\u003e; summed feature 8 was listed as C\u003csub\u003e18:1\u003c/sub\u003e \u003cem\u003e\u0026omega;\u003c/em\u003e7c\u0026nbsp;and C\u003csub\u003e18:1\u003c/sub\u003e \u003cem\u003e\u0026omega;\u003c/em\u003e6c.\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":true,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"archives-of-microbiology","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"aomi","sideBox":"Learn more about [Archives of Microbiology](https://www.springer.com/journal/203)","snPcode":"203","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/203/3","title":"Archives of Microbiology","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false},"keywords":"Roseicella aquatilis sp. nov., 16S rRNA gene, phylogenetic analysis","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-1349643/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1349643/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eA novel Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, ellipsoidal-shaped, red-pigmented, facultatively aerobic strain designated NE82\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e, was isolated from mud sample from Jiugongli Lake in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China. Optimal growth occurred at 28\u0026ndash;33\u0026deg;C (range 15\u0026ndash;42\u0026deg;C) and pH 7.0-7.5 (range 5.5\u0026ndash;8.5) with 0% (w/v) NaCl (range 0\u0026ndash;1.0%). Cells of strain NE82\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e were 0.4\u0026ndash;0.9 \u0026micro;m in diameter, catalase-positive and oxidase-negative. Q-10 was the sole respiratory quinone and the major cellular fatty acids (\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;10%) in strain NE82\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e were summed feature 8 (C\u003csub\u003e18:1\u003c/sub\u003e \u003cem\u003eω\u003c/em\u003e7\u003cem\u003ec\u003c/em\u003e and C\u003csub\u003e18:1\u003c/sub\u003e \u003cem\u003eω\u003c/em\u003e6\u003cem\u003ec\u003c/em\u003e). The polar lipids of strain NE82\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, an unidentified aminophospholipid and four unidentified phospholipids. The G\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;C content of the genomic DNA was 72.0 mol%. Based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence, strain NE82\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e, showed the highest similarity (97.2%) to \u003cem\u003eRoseicella frigidaeris\u003c/em\u003e DB1506\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e within the family \u003cem\u003eAcetobacteraceae\u003c/em\u003e, represents a novel species of the genus \u003cem\u003eRoseicella\u003c/em\u003e, for which the name \u003cem\u003eRoseicella aquatilis\u003c/em\u003e sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NE82\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e (=KCTC 62412\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e༝MCCC 1H00292\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Roseicella aquatilis sp. nov., isolated from freshwater lake","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2022-02-15 15:23:05","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-1349643/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2022-02-15T10:00:47+00:00","index":0,"fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2022-02-13T10:56:38+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2022-02-13T07:49:42+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"Archives of Microbiology","date":"2022-02-11T05:34:59+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"archives-of-microbiology","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"aomi","sideBox":"Learn more about [Archives of Microbiology](https://www.springer.com/journal/203)","snPcode":"203","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/203/3","title":"Archives of Microbiology","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"c8f87756-2050-4229-ba4c-9157627b1655","owner":[],"postedDate":"February 15th, 2022","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"under-review","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2022-05-17T06:26:15+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2022-02-15 15:23:05","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-1349643","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-1349643","identity":"rs-1349643","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"FbvkV6FR0MCFSLy54lSbu","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}