Plan de cuidados dirigido a mujeres afectadas de endometriosis. Actuación de enfermería.

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Abstract

La endometriosis afecta al 10 % de las mujeres en edad fértil y se define como la presencia de tejido endometrial fuera del útero que responde a los estrógenos y sangra también al producirse la menstruación, provocando cicatrices, reacción inflamatoria, adherencias de órganos y distorsión de la anatomía pélvica. Los síntomas son: infertilidad, dolor pélvico intenso, masas pélvicas e infiltraciones profundas. Actualmente no existe tratamiento causal sino sintomático, consistente en terapia hormonal, analgésicos y cirugía, que va dirigido a aliviar el dolor intenso, a prevenir el avance de la enfermedad y a tratar la infertilidad. OBJETIVO PRINCIPAL: Diseñar un Plan de Cuidados de Enfermería para mujeres con endometriosis que aborde los diagnósticos, resultados e intervenciones necesarios para mejorar su salud, basado en la evidencia científica actualizada. METODOLOGÍA: Se ha realizado una búsqueda bibliográfica de publicaciones sobre endometriosis en distintas bases de datos, durante los años 2009 y 2015. Para elaborar el Plan de Cuidados se ha utilizado la taxonomía NANDA, NOC y NIC. CONCLUSIONES: La endometriosis causa un gran impacto en la salud física y psicológica de la mujer, ya que conlleva síntomas muy invalidantes: masas pélvicas que requieren frecuentes cirugías, intenso dolor crónico pélvico; lo que afecta su calidad de vida, trabajo y descanso. Además debe afrontar una infertilidad no elegida. Por todo ello es necesario elaborar un Plan de Cuidados que aporte las estrategias e intervenciones necesarias para afrontar óptimamente la enfermedad. ABSTRACT Endometriosis affects 10% of women of childbearing age and it is defined as a condition in which bits of the tissue similar to the lining of the uterus (endometrium) grows in other parts of the body. Like the uterine lining it builds up and sheds in response of monthly hormonal cycle causing swelling, inflammation, and development of scar tissue and organ adhesions as well as distortion of pelvic anatomy. Symptoms include infertility, severe pelvic pain, pelvic masses and deep infiltration. Currently there is no causal but symptomatic treatment consisting of hormone therapy, painkillers and surgery, which is intended to relieve pain, to prevent progression of the disease and treat infertility. MAIN OBJETIVE: Designing Nursing Care Plan for women with endometriosis, which addresses diagnoses, outcomes and interventions needed to improve their health, based on current scientific evidence. METHODOLOGY: A bibliographical research of publications on endometriosis in different databases has been made from 2009 to 2015. The NANDA, NOC and NIC taxonomy have been used to prepare the Nursery Care Plan. CONCLUSIONS: Endometriosis causes great impact on physical and psychological health of women, as it results in very disabling symptoms: pelvic masses that Require frequent surgeries, severe chronic pelvic pain that affects their quality of life: work, rest, and must also face a non chosen infertility. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a care plan that provides strategies and interventions necessary to cope the illness ideally. KEYWORDS: “endometriosis/endometriosis”, “enfermería/nursing”, “proceso enfermero/nursing process”, “psicología/psychology”, “protocolos/protocols”, “cuidados de enfermería/nursing care”.

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endometriosischronic_pelvic_paininfertility

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last seen: 2026-05-11T08:00:44.022750+00:00
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