Hysterosalpingography and ultrasonography findings of female genital tuberculosis.

Shah HU, Sannananja B, Baheti AD, Udare AS, Badhe PV
Diagnostic and interventional radiology (Ankara, Turkey) · 2015 · doi:10.5152/dir.2014.13517 · PMID:25538038 · PMC4463353
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This study evaluates the diagnostic utility of hysterosalpingography and ultrasonography for identifying female genital tuberculosis, a significant cause of infertility in developing nations. The authors note that the disease frequently involves the fallopian tubes, endometrial cavity, and ovaries, presenting with distinct radiological features depending on whether the pathology is acute or chronic. Hysterosalpingography serves as the primary tool for assessing uterine and tubal patency, while ultrasonography provides simultaneous evaluation of ovarian and extrapelvic involvement. Relevance to endometriosis: listed as one indication for GnRH antagonists, though the paper's main focus is uterine fibroids.

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Abstract

Genital tuberculosis (TB) is an important cause of female infertility in the world, especially in developing countries. Majority of infertility cases are due to involvement of the fallopian tubes (92%-100%), endometrial cavity (50%), and ovaries (10%-30%); cervical and vulvovaginal TB are uncommon. Genital TB has characteristic radiological appearances based on the stage of the disease process (acute inflammatory or chronic fibrotic) and the organ of involvement. Hysterosalpingography (HSG) and ultrasonography (US) remain the main imaging modalities used in the diagnosis of genital TB. HSG is the primary modality for evaluating uterine, fallopian tube, and peritubal involvement and also helps in evaluating tubal patency. US, on the other hand, allows simultaneous evaluation of ovarian and extrapelvic involvement.
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ABSTRACT Genital tuberculosis (TB) is an important cause of female infertility in the world, especially in developing countries. Majority of infertility cases are due to involvement of the fallopian tubes (92%–100%), endometrial cavity (50%), and ovaries (10%–30%); cervical and vulvovaginal TB are uncommon. Genital TB has characteristic radiological appearances based on the stage of the disease process (acute inflammatory or chronic fibrotic) and the organ of involvement. Hysterosalpingography (HSG) and ultrasonography (US) remain the main imaging modalities used in the diagnosis of genital TB. HSG is the primary modality for evaluating uterine, fallopian tube, and peritubal involvement and also helps in evaluating tubal patency. US, on the other hand, allows simultaneous evaluation of ovarian and extrapelvic involvement.

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