Petrogenesis and geodynamics of the Early Miocene Kashan granitoids in the central Urumieh-Dokhtar Magmatic Arc, Iran

Petrogenesis and geodynamics of the Early Miocene Kashan granitoids in the central Urumieh-Dokhtar Magmatic Arc, Iran | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Petrogenesis and geodynamics of the Early Miocene Kashan granitoids in the central Urumieh-Dokhtar Magmatic Arc, Iran Caihua Kou, Hongrui Zhang, Mingyu Zhu This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-9264441/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 10 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract The early Miocene granitoids from the Kashan area, located in the central Urumieh-Dokhtar Magmatic Arc of Iran, were investigated to provide essential insights into the sources of and geodynamic processes responsible for their formation. We present zircon U–Pb ages, zircon Hf isotopic data, and whole-rock geochemistry of rhyolites, dacites, granodiorites, and diorites. The diorites yielded a zircon U−Pb age of 22 Ma. Geochemically, the diorites are characterized by low Sr (258.0–289.5 ppm) contents, low Sr/Y (9.04–9.92) and (La/Yb) N (4.42–6.05) ratios, and high Y (28.21–29.33 ppm) and Yb (2.94–3.09 ppm) contents, classifying them as non-adakitic rocks. They exhibit high-K calc-alkaline affinities, enrichment in light rare earth elements (LREEs) (La N /Yb N = 4.42–6.05), pronounced negative Nb-Ta anomalies, and negativeεNd(t) and εHf(t) values, ranging from − 3.6 to − 3.0 and − 3.5 to − 0.9, respectively. We therefore conclude that the diorites were derived from partial melting of an enriched subcontinental lithospheric mantle within the amphibole-bearing spinel stability field, which had been metasomatized by subduction-related fluids dehydrated from oceanic sediments. In contrast, the rhyolites, dacites, and granodiorites exhibit high Sr (377.2–595.4 ppm) contents, high Sr/Y (29.93–94.28) and (La/Yb) N (13.48–51.21) ratios, and low Y (4.36–13.48 ppm) and Yb (0.35–1.42 ppm) contents, classifying them as adakitic rocks. They display high SiO 2 (63.01–77.33 wt%) contents and low Mg # (29–47) values, along with highly fractionated rare earth element (REE) patterns with depletion in heavy rare earth elements (HREEs), consistent with generation by partial melting of the thickened lower crust. Based on the regional geology, together with the results of this study and previous works, we conclude that the diorites formed in a geodynamic processes associated with the initial collision between the Arabia and Eurasia plates related to the final breakoff of the subducted Neo-Tethys Ocean slab, whereas the adakitic rocks, rhyolites, dacites, and granodiorites, were generated in geodynamic processes related to the main collision between the Arabia and Eurasia plates. Earth and environmental sciences/Planetary science Earth and environmental sciences/Solid earth sciences Early Miocene granitoids Geochronology Petrogenesis Geodynamic processes the central UDMA in Iran Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 9 Figure 10 Figure 11 Figure 12 Figure 13 Figure 14 Figure 15 Introduction The Neo-Tethyan tectonic domain records a dynamic geological history, characterized by the opening and closing of the Neo-Tethys Ocean and subsequent continental collision between Arabia and Eurasia, which resulted in the formation of the NW-SE trending Zagros Orogen belt in Iran 1–8 . The Zagros Orogen belt comprises the following major units from southwest to northeast: the Zagros Fold-and-Thrust Belt (ZFTB), the Sanandaj–Sirjan Magmatic-Metamorphic Zone (SSZ), the Urumieh–Dokhtar Magmatic Arc (UDMA) 9–12 . Among them, the UDMA fully captures the magmatic and tectonic responses during the transition from oceanic subduction to continental collision. Therefore, it constitutes an outstanding natural geological laboratory for investigating magma genesis and deep geodynamic processes. Currently, considerable research has investigated the Cenozoic igneous activity in the UDMA 13–26 . However, there is also still no consensus on the geodynamic processes driving the early Miocene magmatism in the UDMA. Key points of contention include whether it resulted from subduction-related processes preceding the initially continental collision of Arabia-Eurasia at ca. ~25–23 Ma 11, 14, 23–24, 27–31 or from post-collisional extension following the continental collision at ca. 37–23 Ma 32–39 . Furthermore, the specific mechanisms responsible for triggering post-collisional extension are similarly unresolved, with three principal models under consideration: the breakoff of the subducted slab 13, 33, 40 , lithospheric delamination 33 , and delamination of the thickened crust 39, 41 . Unfortunately, crucial evidence to support these models is lacking. The Early Miocene records not only a key shift from pre- to post-collisional magmatism, but also a fundamental transition of the regional tectonic regime and deep geodynamic evolution. Magmatism from this period provides critical insights into the evolution of the Arabia-Eurasia continental collision, as well as the interactions among the subducted slab, lithospheric mantle, asthenosphere, and continental crust. Our recent investigations in the Kashan area, located in the central UDMA, Iran, have identified an Early Miocene (ca. 22 Ma) magmatic suite consisting of diorite and andesite, adakitic rocks (rhyolite, dacite, granodiorite). We present integrated U–Pb zircon geochronology, Lu–Hf isotopes, whole-rock major and trace elements, Sr–Nd isotopic compositions of these rocks. Based on these new results, we evaluate their petrogenesis and crust-mantle interaction, and provide new insights into the associated deep geodynamic processes. Geological Setting The NW-SE trending Urumieh–Dokhtar Magmatic Arc (UDMA) is a fundamental component of the Zagros Orogen belt, extending approximately 2000 km in length and 50 to 80 km in width. It lies parallel to the Zagros Fold–Thrust Belt (ZFTB) and the Sanandaj–Sirjan Zone (SSZ) to the southwest (Fig. 1). The oldest exposed stratigraphic units within the UDMA consist of Paleozoic to Mesozoic sedimentary rocks, including limestone, dolomite, sandstones, and shales, which show no evidence of metamorphism 1 . The outcropped strata in the UDMA range from Paleozoic through Mesozoic to Cenozoic sequences (Fig. 2). The UDMA represents a key province of Cenozoic magmatic activity in Iran, comprising thick (~ 4 km) sequences of extrusive and intrusive rocks, along with associated volcanoclastic units 14, 20–21, 27 . A significant magmatic flare-up occurred during the Eocene and Oligocene, marked by the emplacement of calc-alkaline magmas 1, 14, 20, 27, 42–43 (ca. 55–35 Ma). From the Late Oligocene to Miocene (ca. 30–5 Ma), magmatism continued with the emplacement of calc-alkaline suites, which also exhibit ultrapotassic and adakitic affinities 14, 24, 27–29, 31, 33, 36, 39–41, 44–52 (Fig. 1). Subsequent magmatic activity during the Pliocene–Quaternary produced scattered alkaline rock series with intraplate-like geochemical signatures 39, 53–54 . The Miocene igneous rocks in central UDMA and Sampling The Miocene igneous rocks in central UDMA Numerous Miocene igneous rocks, formed during the early to late Miocene (ca. 24–5 Ma), are exposed in the Qom, Kashan, Natanz, Nain, and Yaza areas 13, 24, 28–29, 31, 40, 48, 50, 52 (Fig. 1). These rocks consist of basalt, gabbro, basaltic andesite, andesite, diorite, dacite, rhyolite, granodiorite, and granite. Among them, most early Miocene are non-adakites and belong to calc-alkaline and high-K calc-alkaline magmatic series 13, 24, 28–29, 31, 40, 48, 50, 52 , whereas minor early Miocene intermediate–felsic rocks (18.67 Ma) exhibit adakitic characteristics and are affiliated with calc-alkaline magmatic series 28–29 . In addition, certain late Miocene intermediate rocks display alkaline affinities and are classified as shoshonite 24 . As a whole, the Miocene rocks show subduction-related geochemical signatures, characterized by depletions in Nb, Ta, and Ti. Some authors attributed this subduction-related affinity to the subduction processes during the final stage of subduction, which lasted until the early Miocene 11, 14, 27, 24, 55 . Other researchers, however, suggest that these rocks were derived from either asthenospheric mantle or lithospheric mantle that had been metasomatized by subduction-related materials within an extensional setting triggered by slab rollback and/or breakoff 11, 28–29 . The early Miocene adakitic rocks are interpreted to have formed by decompression-induced partial melting of the slab 28 . The late Miocene shoshonite formed in a post-collisional setting 24 . Samples in this study The study areas are regarded as central UDMA (Fig. 1, 2), which refers to Qom, Kashan, Natanz, and Nain regions. The reported ages for Miocene granitoids in the central UDMA suggest that magmatism was episodic, predominantly occurring between 24 and 15 Ma 23, 27, 50 . Among these granitoids, both non-adakitic and adakitic affinities have been recognized 13, 27, 29, 32, 38 . The sampling locations are situated in the southern Kashan area, within the central UDMA (Fig. 1, 2). Samples were systematically collected from Miocene granitoids, including diorite and granodiorite, dacite and rhyolite (Fig. 2). Rhyolites are moderately porphyritic, containing 5–10% phenocrysts of euhedral to subhedral plagioclase, sanidine, and minor biotite and quartz (Fig. 3a, b). The plagioclase phenocrysts are tabular, ranging from 0.2 to 2 mm in size, and exhibit well-developed polysynthetic twinning and oscillatory zoning. Quartz and sanidine phenocrysts, the latter displaying carlsbad twining, are typically 0.5 to 1 mm in size. Ferromagnesian minerals are scarce, represented by a few yellow to brown, euhedral biotite grains, 1–2 mm in size. The groundmass is generally microcrystalline and consists of the same mineral phases observed as phenocrysts, along with Fe-Ti oxide. Dacites display a weakly to moderately porphyritic texture with less than 15% phenocrysts (Fig. 3c, d). The phenocryst assemblage is dominated by plagioclase and K-feldspar with minor clinopyroxene. The plagioclase plates are mostly euhedral to subhedral and tabular in shape, ranging from 0.2 to 2.5 mm in size. The K-feldspar grains are mostly euhedral to subhedral with 2.0 mm in size. The clinopyroxene is less common, typically fresh, and occurs as euhedral to subhedral grains ranging from 0.5 to 2.0 mm in size. The groundmass is generally microcrystalline and consists of the same phases observed as phenocrysts with sparse accessory opaque minerals (such as Fe-Ti oxide). Granodiorites contain variable proportions of medium- to coarse-grained, euhedral to subhedral minerals (Fig. 3e, f). The main phases include plagioclase (60–70 vol%; 0.5–2.0 mm), K-feldspar (5–10 vol%; 0.5 mm), biotite (5–10 vol%; 0.5–2.5 mm), and hornblende (5–10 vol%; 2.0 mm). Quartz (15–20 vol%) mainly occurs as fine-grained or microcrystalline aggregates filling the interstices between other grains (Fig. 3e, f). Many plagioclase crystals exhibit well-developed polysynthetic twinning and oscillatory zoning (Fig. 3e, f). The primary accessory minerals are Fe-Ti oxides, titanite, zircon, and apatite. Diorites are dominated by variable proportions of plagioclase (70–80 vol%) and hornblende (10–20 vol%) along with minor Fe-Ti oxides, titanite, and apatite (Fig. 3g, h). The plagioclase crystals are mainly tabular and euhedral to subhedral in shape, with grain sizes varying from 0.5 to 3.0 mm. They generally exhibit well-developed polysynthetic twinning. The hornblende grains occur as euhedral to subhedral grains, ranging from 0.5 to 1.5 mm. Analytical methods One diorite sample (NA-12-38) was selected for zircon separation and U–Pb dating. Zircon grains were extracted using conventional heavy liquids and magnetic techniques, and then purified by hand-picking under a binocular microscope. Representative zircon grains were mounted in epoxy resin and polished down to expose the grain centre. Internal structures of the zircon grains were examined using transmitted electron, backscattered electron (BSE), and cathode luminescence (CL) before analysis, to investigate their morphology and internal structures. The zircon U–Pb isotopic analyses were carried out on an Elan 6100 DRCII quadrupole–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometer (Q-ICP-MS) coupled to a GeoLas Pro 193 nm ArF excimer laser-ablation system at the University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China. A beam of 32 μm in diameter was used. The analytical and data reduction procedures follow those described by 56 . A 91500 standard zircon was used for internal standardization during U–Pb dating, whereas NIST 610 and 612 reference materials were monitored as external standards. Data were processed using the GLITTER and ISOPLOT 57 programs. In situ zircon Lu–Hf isotopic analysis was carried out with a Neptune multi-collector ICP-MS (Thermo-Finnigan) equipped with a Geolas-193 laser-ablation system at the Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Beijing). The analytical spots were made at U–Pb dating spots, with a beam diameter of 32 µm and an 8 Hz repetition rate. A weighted mean 176 Hf/ 177 Hf value of the reference standard GJ1 is 0.282015 ± 8 (2σ, n = 10), which is consistent within error 58 (0.282015 ± 19) and with that obtained in the laboratory (0.282008 ± 20). Instrumental conditions, analytical procedures, and data acquisition were reported in detail in Hou et al 59 . The samples were crushed and powdered to 200 mesh in an agate mill for compositional analysis. Whole rock geochemical data were obtained at Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (GIGCAS). Major element oxides were analyzed by a Rigaku ZSX100e X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (XRF). Loss on ignition was determined gravimetrically after heating the samples at 1000°C for 1 hour. The analytical uncertainties are generally less than 2%. Trace element concentrations were determined using an inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) using the analytical procedures described by Chen et al 60 . (2010). The analytical uncertainties are less than 5%. The Sr-Nd isotopes were analyzed using a Finnigan MAT Triton TI TIMS at CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, China 60 . Sr isotopic data were normalized to 86 Sr/ 88 Sr = 0.1194 and the NBS-987 Sr standard yielded an average value of 0.710244 ± 0.000033 (2σ). Nd isotopic data were normalized to 146 Nd/ 144 Nd = 0.7219, and the JMC Nd 2 O 3 standard yielded an average value of 0.511149 ± 0.000022 (2σ). Results U–Pb zircon age The results of zircon U–Pb analyses are listed in Table 1 . The zircon grains separated from the diorites (sample NA12–38–6) exhibit transparent, euhedral and prismatic morphologies (50–100 µm in length, 1:1–2:1 aspect ratios) with homogeneous cathodoluminescence (CL) textures lacking obvious oscillatory zoning (Fig. 4 a). The relatively high Th/U values of 0.35‒0.86 supported an igneous origin 61 . Eleven analyzed grains yielded a dispersed age spectrum of 26.6–34.4 Ma (Fig. 4 b). Ten analytical spots yield a concordia age of 22.1 ± 0.1 Ma (Fig. 4 c) with a similar weighted mean 206 Pb/ 238 U age of 22.1 ± 0.5 Ma (Fig. 4 d), indicating that the crystallization age of the diorite is 22 Ma. In addition, rocks with adakitic affinities formed in the Qom and Kashan areas of the central UDMA at 17–19 Ma 27 . Based on this, we consider the adakitic rocks in our study from the Kashan areas, namely, the granodiorite, dacite, and rhyolite (see section 4.2), to have an emplacement age of 17 Ma. Table 1 Zircon U–Pb analytical data of diorite (NA12–38–6) in the Kanshan area. Spot Isotopic ratio 238 U/ 232 Th Age (Ma) 207 Pb/ 206 Pb 1σ 207 Pb/ 235 U 1σ 206 Pb/ 238 U 1σ 207 Pb/ 206 Pb 1σ 207 Pb/ 235 U 1σ 206 Pb/ 238 U 1σ NA12-38-6-01 0.04470 0.00198 0.02095 0.00098 0.00341 0.00006 0.63 -34 56 21.1 1 21.9 0.4 NA12-38-6-02 0.04823 0.00265 0.03534 0.00204 0.00535 0.00010 0.54 111 93 35 2 34.4 0.6 NA12-38-6-03 0.04714 0.00189 0.02254 0.00100 0.00343 0.00006 0.62 56 67 22.6 1 22.1 0.4 NA12-38-6-04 0.04664 0.00154 0.02246 0.00086 0.00349 0.00006 0.70 31 53 22.6 1 22.5 0.4 NA12-38-6-05 0.04860 0.00191 0.02298 0.00099 0.00346 0.00006 0.85 129 64 23.1 1 22.3 0.4 NA12-38-6-06 0.04692 0.00195 0.02289 0.00105 0.00350 0.00006 0.86 45 63 23 1 22.5 0.4 NA12-38-6-07 0.04885 0.00220 0.02430 0.00114 0.00359 0.00007 0.61 140 67 24 1 23.1 0.5 NA12-38-6-08 0.04177 0.00236 0.02013 0.00118 0.00356 0.00008 0.52 -190 88 20 1 22.9 0.5 NA12-38-6-09 0.04957 0.00224 0.02251 0.00109 0.00332 0.00006 0.59 175 74 23 1 21.3 0.4 NA12-38-6-10 0.04701 0.00205 0.02693 0.00125 0.00417 0.00009 0.52 50 58 27 1 26.8 0.6 NA12-38-6-11 0.04619 0.00220 0.02801 0.00145 0.00468 0.00010 0.54 8 64 28 1 30.1 0.7 NA12-38-6-12 0.04680 0.00218 0.02596 0.00130 0.00414 0.00009 0.51 39 62 26 1 26.6 0.6 NA12-38-6-13 0.04916 0.00224 0.02967 0.00142 0.00454 0.00010 0.71 156 64 30 1 29.2 0.7 NA12-38-6-14 0.04604 0.00195 0.02176 0.00099 0.00339 0.00006 0.47 - 59 21.9 1 21.8 0.4 NA12-38-6-15 0.04562 0.00235 0.03324 0.00181 0.00534 0.00010 0.67 -22 73 33 2 34.3 0.7 NA12-38-6-16 0.04508 0.00216 0.02774 0.00150 0.00448 0.00010 0.57 -16 71 28 1 28.8 0.6 NA12-38-6-17 0.04621 0.00243 0.03314 0.00190 0.00533 0.00011 0.52 9 84 33 2 34.2 0.7 NA12-38-6-18 0.04353 0.00222 0.02818 0.00155 0.00479 0.00010 0.66 -95 77 28 2 30.8 0.7 NA12-38-6-19 0.04598 0.00317 0.03215 0.00273 0.00511 0.00010 0.47 -3 139 32 3 32.8 0.7 NA12-38-6-20 0.04736 0.00225 0.02953 0.00157 0.00457 0.00010 0.67 68 74 30 2 29.4 0.6 NA12-38-6-21 0.04665 0.00205 0.02048 0.00093 0.00326 0.00006 0.35 31 65 20.6 1 21 0.4 Whole-rock major and trace element compositions The whole-rock major (all normalized to 100% anhydrous) and trace element compositions are presented in Table 2 . The rhyolites have the highest SiO 2 (69.76–70.33 wt%), moderate MgO (0.74–0.84 wt%), and relatively low total alkalis (Na 2 O + K 2 O = 6.87–7.01 wt%), K 2 O (2.55–2.63 wt%), and FeO T (2.52–3.00 wt%) contents. They plot in the sub-alkaline series field on the SiO 2 versus K 2 O+Na 2 O diagram (Fig. 5 a) and in the calc-alkaline field on the SiO 2 versus K 2 O diagram (Fig. 5 b). They are peraluminous with high A/CNK ratios (molecular ratio of Al 2 O 3 /(CaO + Na 2 O + K 2 O)) ranging from 1.45 to 1.54 (Fig. 5 c). They exhibit low K 2 O/Na 2 O ratios (0.59–0.61) (Fig. 5 d) and Mg # values (100 × Mg/[Mg + Fe 2+ ] = 32.7–39.8). On the Chondrite-normalized rare earth element (REE) patterns (Fig. 6 a), the rhyolites exhibit extremely fractionated light rare earth elements (LREEs) relative to medium rare earth elements (MREEs) and heavy rare earth elements (HREEs) as reflected in high (La/Sm) N (6.44–6.56) and (La/Yb) N (47.97–51.21; subscript N: chondrite-normalized) ratios. The samples lack significant Eu anomalies with Eu/Eu* (2×Eu N /(Sm N +Gd N )) values of 0.88–0.91 (Fig. 6 a). On the primitive mantle normalized trace element spider diagram (Fig. 6 b), they are strongly enriched in large ion lithophile elements (LILEs; e.g., Th and U) and significantly depleted in heavy field strength elements (HFSEs; e.g., Nb, Ta, and Ti). Notably, the rhyolites exhibit geochemical affinities to adakitic rocks, characterized by high Sr (408.9–416.7 ppm), low Y (4.36–4.47 ppm) and Yb (0.35–0.37 ppm) contents, and consequently high Sr/Y (93.26–94.28), (La/Yb) N (47.97–51.21), and La/Yb (71.15–75.96) ratios 62 (Fig. 7 a, b, c). Table 2 Bulk rock composition of major (wt%) and trace elements (ppm) of samples in Kashan area. Sample NA12-35-2 NA12-35-3 NA12-35-4 NA12-35-5 NA12-36-1 NA12-36-2 NA12-37-1 NA12-37-3 NA12-37-4 NA12-37-5 NA12-38-1 NA12-38-2 NA12-38-3 NA12-38-4 NA12-38-5 Rock Rhyolite (17–19 Ma) Dacite (17–19 Ma) Granodiorite (17–19 Ma) Diorite (22 Ma) SiO 2 70.33 69.76 70.24 69.84 63.12 63.01 63.80 65.48 65.36 65.46 60.79 61.28 60.93 60.24 60.74 TiO 2 0.32 0.34 0.34 0.32 0.67 0.66 0.57 0.49 0.51 0.46 0.82 0.87 0.86 0.87 0.83 Al 2 O 3 15.43 15.33 15.49 15.35 18.13 17.65 16.19 15.76 15.81 15.77 15.46 15.55 15.53 15.48 15.56 FeO T 2.52 3.00 2.84 2.86 4.15 4.25 5.48 4.89 4.84 4.60 8.29 7.91 7.27 8.34 7.47 MnO 0.08 0.14 0.11 0.11 0.05 0.07 0.09 0.09 0.08 0.08 0.18 0.17 0.15 0.16 0.14 MgO 0.84 0.74 0.83 0.84 0.94 0.88 2.45 2.06 2.16 1.99 3.03 3.10 3.08 3.03 3.13 CaO 3.36 3.69 3.17 3.62 6.46 7.05 4.81 4.26 4.37 4.18 6.01 5.94 6.11 6.36 6.59 Na 2 O 4.38 4.34 4.27 4.38 4.08 4.12 3.80 3.68 3.81 4.18 2.65 2.69 2.75 2.90 2.67 K 2 O 2.63 2.55 2.60 2.57 2.21 2.12 2.65 3.17 2.95 3.15 2.61 2.33 3.14 2.45 2.69 P 2 O 5 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.12 0.19 0.19 0.15 0.12 0.13 0.12 0.17 0.16 0.17 0.17 0.17 LOI 1.55 1.11 1.26 1.59 2.64 2.39 0.61 0.85 0.86 0.72 1.09 1.64 1.24 1.34 1.14 Mg # 39.8 32.7 36.7 36.6 31.1 29.0 47.0 45.5 46.9 46.2 42.0 43.7 45.6 41.9 45.3 La 25.89 26.51 26.04 26.70 28.27 12.08 28.29 45.18 39.65 39.31 26.45 24.74 25.34 21.29 19.31 Ce 45.02 45.63 45.16 46.17 52.38 26.96 52.39 76.03 68.90 68.07 52.40 51.97 50.73 45.28 39.34 Pr 4.76 4.75 4.78 4.83 6.06 3.36 5.67 7.93 7.01 6.88 6.53 6.09 5.89 5.42 4.71 Nd 16.35 16.42 16.64 16.78 22.71 13.29 20.28 24.80 23.29 23.13 24.14 24.06 23.16 22.08 19.37 Sm 2.52 2.54 2.57 2.61 3.85 2.52 3.69 3.83 3.52 3.66 5.17 5.18 5.18 5.06 4.63 Eu 0.67 0.69 0.68 0.68 1.04 0.71 0.92 0.98 0.89 0.89 1.09 1.08 1.10 1.13 1.07 Gd 1.90 1.96 1.95 2.00 2.91 1.97 3.24 3.08 2.91 2.90 5.07 6.22 6.45 4.90 5.76 Tb 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.36 0.26 0.46 0.46 0.39 0.38 0.87 0.85 0.89 0.87 0.82 Dy 0.98 0.99 1.00 1.00 1.80 1.37 2.55 2.30 2.07 2.10 5.24 5.17 5.42 5.32 5.08 Ho 0.16 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.32 0.25 0.51 0.46 0.42 0.42 1.12 1.10 1.16 1.14 1.11 Er 0.41 0.41 0.42 0.42 0.81 0.64 1.46 1.23 1.14 1.16 3.09 3.08 3.27 3.18 3.09 Tm 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.11 0.09 0.21 0.19 0.17 0.17 0.47 0.46 0.48 0.47 0.46 Yb 0.36 0.35 0.37 0.36 0.71 0.57 1.42 1.24 1.15 1.11 2.95 2.94 3.09 3.01 2.95 Lu 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.11 0.09 0.21 0.20 0.19 0.18 0.46 0.45 0.48 0.46 0.45 Y 4.38 4.36 4.42 4.47 9.15 4.52 13.48 11.17 10.92 10.85 28.72 28.21 29.17 29.33 28.87 Sc 3.47 3.53 3.79 3.99 9.50 4.99 10.48 7.39 8.46 8.20 20.09 20.77 22.01 21.96 21.69 V 25.07 27.48 26.03 25.94 97.22 96.80 95.65 82.08 75.17 82.30 165.10 156.10 162.30 171.80 169.10 Cr 50.55 156.10 80.71 88.87 41.89 34.38 38.05 36.70 30.27 34.10 15.24 19.72 28.25 13.64 14.29 Co 4.02 4.41 4.28 4.56 12.62 9.43 11.99 10.76 11.48 11.67 17.18 16.97 17.53 17.77 16.59 Ni 4.56 5.32 5.30 4.89 9.25 8.50 14.19 22.13 12.64 14.08 6.49 6.87 15.75 5.95 6.12 Cu 15.23 18.13 22.65 18.10 30.37 30.22 64.66 29.09 140.10 12.28 24.33 22.56 18.54 27.55 15.85 Pb 26.43 15.83 15.96 16.60 22.73 15.00 25.06 24.45 16.40 28.21 16.64 24.51 13.29 17.26 50.56 Ga 18.09 18.03 18.46 18.64 21.89 19.52 17.92 17.52 16.96 17.94 16.64 16.55 16.68 16.99 16.84 Rb 75.34 75.19 76.88 78.06 54.18 19.07 92.79 107.30 98.28 111.50 81.19 67.71 146.60 75.85 105.50 Sr 409.2 408.9 416.7 416.7 595.4 377.2 403.4 409.0 391.7 390.4 268.5 258.0 289.5 265.1 271.3 Zr 129.7 120.8 136.3 137.9 120.1 114.1 117.7 102.5 105.5 101.0 106.4 97.5 107.6 81.3 84.0 Nb 4.84 4.86 4.90 4.97 8.08 6.33 10.07 9.28 9.25 8.81 9.66 9.61 9.68 9.31 8.67 Cs 2.65 2.75 2.26 2.71 3.43 4.04 3.65 3.80 2.32 4.19 2.59 1.80 3.63 1.55 3.92 Ba 867.9 861.3 877.2 868.9 1121.7 617.8 786.8 957.3 778.1 897.2 579.6 525.9 553.1 545.5 510.5 Hf 3.55 3.39 3.70 3.67 3.36 3.23 3.37 3.27 3.15 2.92 3.31 2.81 3.35 2.36 2.52 Ta 0.44 0.44 0.45 0.44 0.63 0.57 0.91 1.15 0.92 0.83 0.80 0.78 0.80 0.76 0.71 Th 9.52 9.55 9.77 9.67 14.21 2.66 20.95 26.85 25.27 24.76 10.48 7.79 10.15 8.38 7.90 U 2.72 4.32 2.87 2.89 5.66 4.17 6.59 7.42 6.69 6.18 2.77 2.52 2.99 2.40 2.05 Ti 1859 1863 1909 1929 4129 3737 3541 3122 3139 3271 5116 5014 5096 5172 4920 Mn 576.5 964.6 746.8 873.3 423.4 464.1 683.2 697.6 612.2 680.7 1394.1 1286.7 1154.5 1254.6 1079.5 Zn 40.59 30.68 38.42 40.58 168.20 75.59 52.06 48.04 42.83 57.20 77.81 77.30 86.70 93.72 96.43 Ge 0.74 0.81 0.80 0.89 1.54 0.88 1.51 1.29 1.33 1.42 1.73 1.68 1.64 1.67 1.57 Mg # = 100 × Mg/[Mg + Fe 2+ ]; FeO T = Total FeO; FeO = 0.8998 × FeO T . The major elements shown in the table were normalized to 100% anhydrous. The dacites are marked by high SiO 2 (63.01–63.12 wt%), Al 2 O 3 (17.65–18.13 wt%), and low K 2 O (2.12–2.21 wt%), total alkalis (6.24–6.29 wt%), MgO (0.88–0.94 wt%), and FeO T (4.15–4.25 wt%) contents. These rocks also belong to the sub-alkaline series and the calc-alkaline series (Fig. 5 a, b) and display peraluminous affinities, with high A/CNK ratios of 1.33–1.42 (Fig. 5 c). Their Mg # values range from 29.0 to 31.1, and K 2 O/Na 2 O ratios vary from 0.52 to 0.54 (Fig. 5 d). The dacites show strongly fractionated LREEs relative to HREEs with high (La/Yb) N (14.41–26.81) values (Fig. 6 c). They display negligible Eu anomalies with Eu/Eu* values of 0.91–0.94 (Fig. 6 c). The rocks are characterized by enrichment in LILEs and notable depletion in HFSEs (Fig. 6 d). Consistent with the rhyolites, the dacites display geochemical affinities to adakitic rocks, as indicated by the high Sr (377.2–595.4 ppm) and low Y (4.52–9.15 ppm) and Yb (0.57–0.71 ppm) contents, and resulting in high Sr/Y (68.08–83.38) (La/Yb) N (14.41–26.81), and La/Yb (21.38–39.76) ratios 62 (Fig. 7 a, b, c). The granodiorites display high SiO 2 (63.80–65.48 wt%), K 2 O (2.65–3.17 wt%), total alkalis (6.45–7.32 wt%), and MgO (1.99–2.45 wt%) but relatively low FeO T (4.60–5.48 wt%) contents alongwith elevated K 2 O/Na 2 O ratios (0.70–0.86) (Fig. 5 d). They have moderately high Mg # values varying from 45.5 to 47.0. On the SiO 2 versus K 2 O+Na 2 O diagram (Fig. 5 a), the samples exhibit sub-alkaline affinity, and on the SiO 2 versus K 2 O diagram (Fig. 5 b), they fall into the high-K calc-alkaline field. They are peraluminous features with high A/CNK ratios between 1.37 and 1.44 (Fig. 5 c). The granodiorites are enriched in LREEs (La N /Yb N = 13.48–24.62) (Fig. 6 e), exhibit flat HREE patterns (Ho N /Yb N = 1.06–1.09), and have negligibly negative Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu*=0.79–0.85). They are enriched in LILE but obviously depleted in HFSEs (Fig. 6 f), similar to the aforementioned rhyolites and granodiorites. As shown on the Fig. 7 a–c, the granodiorites display adakitic signatures including high Sr (390.4–409.0 ppm) and low Y (10.85–13.48 ppm) and Yb (1.11–1.42 ppm) contents, high Sr/Y (29.93–36.62), (La/Yb) N (13.48–24.62) and La/Yb (19.99–36.52) ratios 62 . The diorites are characterized by high SiO 2 (60.24–61.28 wt%), K 2 O (2.33–3.14 wt%), total alkalis (5.02–5.89 wt%), FeO T (7.27–8.34 wt%), MgO (3.03–3.13 wt%) contents, alongwith elevated K 2 O/Na 2 O ratios (0.84–1.14) (Fig. 5 d). The Mg # values are relatively high, ranging from 41.9 to 45.6. In the classification diagrams, the diorites plot in the sub-alkaline series field (Fig. 5 a) and correspond to the high-K calc-alkaline series (Fig. 5 b). They also show peraluminous characteristics with high A/CNK ratios of 1.29–1.42 (Fig. 5 c). The diorites exhibit LREEs enrichment with (La/Yb) N and (La/Sm) N ratios of 4.42–6.05 and 2.63–3.22, respectively (Fig. 6 g). They display negative Eu anomalies with Eu/Eu* values of 0.58–0.68 (Fig. 6 g). They show enrichment in LILEs and significant depletion in HFSEs (Fig. 6 h). The diorites are classdified as non-adakitic rocks (Fig. 7 a, b, c), characterized by low Sr (258.0–289.5 ppm) contents, Sr/Y (9.04–9.92) and (La/Yb) N (4.42–6.05) ratios, and high Y (28.21–29.33 ppm) and Yb (2.94–3.09 ppm) contents 62 . Sr–Nd isotope compositions The Sr–Nd isotope data are listed in Table 3 . The initial Sr isotope ratios and ε Nd (t) values were calculated at 22 Ma for the diorite and 17 Ma for the granodiorite, respectively. The diorites yield relatively initial 87 Sr/ 86 Sr ratios of 0.706181–0.706269 and negative age-corrected εNd(t) values of − 3.6 to − 3.0, with two-stage model ages (T 2DM ) ranging from 1.08 to 1.23 Ga (Fig. 8 a). The granodiorites have relatively high initial 87 Sr/ 86 Sr ratios of 0.706997 and negative age-corrected εNd(t) values of − 3.3 with two-stage model ages (T 2DM ) of 1.10 Ga (Fig. 8 a). Table 3 Sr–Nd isotopic compositions of samples in the Kashan area. Sample Rock 87 Rb/ 86 Sr 87 Sr/ 86 Sr 147 Sm/ 144 Nd 143 Nd/ 144 Nd T (Ma) ( 87 Sr/ 86 Sr) ⅰ ( 143 Nd/ 144 Nd) ⅰ εNd(t) T DM (Ma) T 2DM (Ma) NA12-37-3 Granodiorite 0.7693 0.707179 0.0940 0.512458 17 0.706997 0.512448 −3.3 882 1103 NA12-38-1 Diorite Diorite 0.8868 0.706546 0.1301 0.512475 22 0.706269 0.512456 −3.0 1233 1080 NA12-38-2 0.7696 0.706421 0.1309 0.512446 22 0.706181 0.512427 −3.6 1298 1126 Lu–Hf isotope compositions Ten zircon grains of the diorites (sample NA12–38–6) display homogeneous Hf isotope compositions (Table 4 ). The initial 176 Hf/ 177 Hf ratios are characterized by 0.282660–0.282733, and exhibit negative εHf(t) values ranging from − 3.5 to − 0.9 with the two-stage model ages of 1.16–1.32 Ga (calculated at t = 22 Ma) (Fig. 8 b). Table 4 Lu–Hf isotopic compositions of diorite (NA12–38–6) in the Kanshan area. Sample Age(Ma) 176 Yb/ 177 Hf 176 Lu/ 177 Hf 2σ 176 Hf/ 177 Hf 2σ 176 Hf/ 177 Hf (i) ε Hf (0) ε Hf (t) T DM T DM C f Lu/Hf NA12-38-6-01 22 0.057227 0.001797 0.000002 0.282732 0.000015 0.282732 −1.4 −0.9 753 1161 -0.95 NA12-38-6-03 22 0.052664 0.001684 0.000004 0.282726 0.000015 0.282726 −1.6 −1.2 759 1175 -0.95 NA12-38-6-04 22 0.032715 0.001054 0.000008 0.282693 0.000015 0.282693 −2.8 −2.3 793 1248 -0.97 NA12-38-6-05 22 0.064289 0.002081 0.000005 0.282734 0.000016 0.282733 −1.3 −0.9 756 1158 -0.94 NA12-38-6-06 22 0.041515 0.001364 0.000015 0.282688 0.000016 0.282687 −3.0 −2.5 808 1261 -0.96 NA12-38-6-07 22 0.052402 0.001682 0.000012 0.282661 0.000016 0.282660 −3.9 −3.5 854 1322 -0.95 NA12-38-6-08 22 0.043632 0.001428 0.000034 0.282721 0.000018 0.282720 −1.8 −1.4 762 1188 -0.96 NA12-38-6-09 22 0.045408 0.001462 0.000002 0.282683 0.000016 0.282682 −3.2 −2.7 816 1272 -0.96 NA12-38-6-14 22 0.060026 0.001922 0.000011 0.282713 0.000018 0.282712 −2.1 −1.6 784 1206 -0.94 NA12-38-6-21 22 0.032987 0.001051 0.000002 0.282706 0.000014 0.282705 −2.4 −1.9 776 1221 -0.97 Discussion Effects of alteration The granitoids exhibit variable degrees of hydrothermal alteration, as reflected by their elevated loss on ignition (LOI, to 1100°C) values ranging from 0.61 to 2.39 wt% (Table 2 ). To ensure the reliability of the data for petrogenetic and tectonic interpretation, we systematically assessed the mobility of elements during alteration. Most major elements, including SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , FeO T , MgO, CaO, K 2 O + Na 2 O, and P 2 O 5 , show no significant correlation with LOI (Fig. 9 a–h), suggesting that they remained largely immobile during the alteration. In general, REE and HFSE elements and Th are considered relatively immobile, even under intense hydrothermal conditions 63 – 66 . Consistently, insignificant correlation between LOI and selected elements such as La (REE), Nb, Zr, and Ti (HFSE), and Th (Fig. 9 i–m) indicates that these elements were not significantly mobilized by post-magmatic or hydrothermal processes. In addition, transition metal elements (Ni, Cr, Co, V) are generally resistant to mobilization during later alteration 67 – 69 . Therefore, we infer that most major elements and incompatible elements, and particularly their interelement ratios, preserve the original magmatic signatures. These elements and their ratios are thus suitable for discussing petrogenesis, source characteristics, and tectonic implications. Petrogenesis Adakitic rhyolite, dacite, and granodiorite The granodiorite, dacite, and rhyolite in this study exhibit low 10000*Ga/Al values (2.05–2.35), FeO T /MgO ratios (2.23–4.85), and (Zr + Nb + Ce + Y) contents (151.91–198.98 ppm), which are consistent with I-, and S-type but distinct from A-type granitoids 70 (Fig. 7 d, e). S-type granitoids typically contain Al-rich menieals such as muscovite, garnet, and cordierite, and are characterized by relatively high A/CNK values (up to 1.1) 71–72 . Although the studied samples are peraluminous with elevated A/CNK values of 1.33–1.54, they lack these characteristic Al-rich phases and instead contain clinopyroxene and hornblende (Fig. 3 ). The I-type with relatively low Zr saturation temperatures (T Zr = 714–746℃; Table 2 ) 73 can be peraluminous, such as peraluminous I-type granitoids from the Lachlan Fold Belt in southeastern Australia 74 . Furthermore, they display a negative correlation between P 2 O 5 and SiO 2 , which is indicative of I-type rather than S-type granitoids 75 (Fig. 7 f). In addition, the granodiorite, dacite, and rhyolite have high Sr (377.2–595.4 ppm; most samples > 400 ppm), low Y (4.36–13.48 ppm; < 18 ppm) and Yb (0.35–1.42 ppm; < 1.8 ppm) contents, plotting in the adakitic field on Sr/Y versus Y, (La/Yb) N versus Yb N , and La/Yb versus Yb diagrams 62 (Fig. 7 a, b, c). Several mechanisms have been propsed to account for the origin of adakitic rocks, including: (1) crustal assimilation and fractional crystallization (AFC) processes from parental basaltic magma 76 – 77 ; (2) the partial melting of subducted oceanic crust 62 , 78 – 83 ; (3) partial melting of delaminated lower continental crust 79 , 84 – 87 ; (4) parial melting of thicked lower continental crust 88 – 94 . The adakitic rocks in this study cannot be attributed to crustal assimilation and fractional crystallization (AFC) processes from a parental basaltic magma. Because certain highly incompatible elements (e.g., Nb, U, Ce, and Pb) possess similar partition coefficient, their interelement ratios (e.g., Nb/U and Ce/Pb) tend to remain relatively constant during partial melting or fractional crystallization 95 . Consequently, these ratios are widely used to assess the role of crustal assimilation. The adakitic samples exhibit low Nb/U (1.12–1.78, averaging 1.49) and Ce/Pb ratios (1.70–4.20, averaging 2.61), values even lower than those of typical continental crust (Nb/U = 6 and Ce/Pb = 4) 96 , suggesting that crustal assimilation is unlikely to have produced the observed compositional features. Additionally, the absence of a negative correlation between SiO 2 content and Nb/La ratio (Fig. 10 a) argues against significant crustal assimilation, as such a trend would be expected if assimilation had occurred 96 . The geochemical trends also provide insights into the role of fractional crystallization. In the Harker diagrams, with increasing MgO content, the adaktic samples show increasing TiO 2 , FeO T , P 2 O 5 , and Al 2 O 3 , but decreasing CaO, Na 2 O, and K 2 O contents, whereas Cr and Ni contents remain constant over a small range of MgO (Fig. 11 ), indicating minor fractional crystallization involving Fe–Ti oxides, apatite, plagioclase, and K-feldspar. Although high-pressure fractionation of garnet from basaltic magma tends to elevate Sr/Y and Dy/Yb ratios in the residual melt, and low-pressure fractionation of hornblende can lower the Dy/Yb ratios 76 , the lack of obvious correlations between Sr/Y, Dy/Yb, and SiO 2 contents (Fig. 10 b, c) does not support such a scenario. Furthermore, because La is more incompatible than Yb, La/Yb ratios increase with La concentration during partial melting but remain largely constant during fractional crystallization 97 (Fig. 10 d). On the La/Yb versus La diagram (Fig. 10 d), the adakitic samples define a trend consistent with a partial melting process. Thus, we propose that the adakitic rocks were generated by partial melting rather than through the AFC processes from basaltic magma. An origin involving partial melting of subducted oceanic crust is similarly precluded by the geochemical evidence presented as follows. The adakitic samples are enriched in LREEs (e.g., La) and LILEs (Th and U), resembling the geochemical characteristics of typical arc-related rocks 98 (Fig. 6 a, c, e). They also display pronounced negative Nb–Ta anomalies, consistent with signatures of arc magmas commonly characterized by Nb–Ta depletion 98 (Fig. 6 b, d, f). However, tectonic reconstructions indicate that the Neo-Tethys Ocean had already closed by the Miocene in the Zagros Orogen belt of Iran 2 , 4 – 7 , marking the termination of oceanic subduction. Consequently, it is unlikely that these adakitic rocks originated from the partial melting of subducted Neo-Tethys oceanic crust. They exhibit enriched Nd − Sr isotopic compositions (εNd(t) = − 3.0, ( 87 Sr/ 86 Sr) i = 0.706997) (Fig. 8 a), distinct from those of adakitic rocks derived from partial melting of subducting oceanic crust, which typically show depleted mantle-like Nd − Sr isotopic signatures 80 . The relatively high and wide Rb/Sr ratios of our samples (0.05 − 0.29) also differ from those of subducted slab-derived adakites (0.01 − 0.05) 81 . Moreover, these rocks contain relatively high Th (9.52 − 26.85 ppm, with one exception at 2.66 ppm) and K 2 O (2.12 − 3.17 wt%) contents, along with K 2 O/Na 2 O ratios ranging from 0.52 to 0.86 (Fig. 5 d). These compositional features contrast with those of typical slab-derived sodic melts, which are characterized by low Th concentrations (< 3 ppm) and sodic-rich compositions (K 2 O/Na 2 O ratios < 0.4) 62, 81 . The adakitic samples in this study were most likely derived from partial melting of thickened lower continental crust. They exhibit high SiO 2 (63.01 − 70.33 wt%), MgO (0.74 − 2.45 wt%), low Mg # (29 − 47) values and low Ni (4.56 − 22.13) contents consistent typical adakitic rocks derived from partial melting of thickened lower continental crust and experimental results regarding metabasaltic and eclogite melts (1 − 4 Ga) 97 , 99 (Fig. 12 a, b, c). Additionally, these samples display elevated Th/Ce (0.10 − 0.40), Th/La (0.22 − 0.59), Rb/Sr (0.05 − 0.29) ratios, which resemble those of adakitic rocks derived from thickened lower crust (Th/Ce = 0.08 − 0.99, Th/La = 0.15 − 2.99, Rb/Sr = 0.14 − 0.20) 100 , suggesting a similar source affinity. Moreover, their Nb/Ta (8.06 − 12.78, average with 10.82) and Zr/Hf (31.36 − 37.53, average with 35.20) rations are comparable to those of the lower crust (Nb/Ta = 11, Zr/Hf = 33 − 36) 101 . Notably, among the adakites, the rhyolites show high Cr contents (50.55 − 156.10 ppm) (Fig. 12 d), distinguishing them from typical thickened lower crust-derived adakitic magmas and aligning more closely with those derived from delaminated lower crust. However, adakitic melts generated by partial melting of delaminated lower crust typically interact with mantle peridotite during ascent, resulting in significantly higher Mg # values (˃ 50) and MgO contents (˃ 2 wt%, even ˃ 3 wt%), and compatible elements concentrations (e.g., Cr ˃ 50 ppm and Ni ˃ 30 ppm) 93 , 97 , 99 . In contrast, the rhyolites in this study have low Mg # (32.7 − 39.8), MgO (0.74 − 0.84 wt %), and Ni (4.56 − 5.32 ppm) contents (Fig. 12 a, b, c), indicating no significant interaction with mantle peridotite. Therefore, we interpret the decoupled Mg # -Cr-Ni signatures in the rhyolites as reflecting source heterogeneity, possibly involving Cr-rich materials such as residual pyroxenite, which contains pyroxene and Cr-spinel that undergo melting, releasing their enriched Cr into the local melt 102 . The adaktic samples are characterized by low HREE contents, high Sr/Y and (La/Yb) N ratios, and negligible negative Eu anomalies, features indicative of garnet as a major residual phase in the source. The interpretation is reinforced by the positive correlation between (Dy/Yb) N and (La/Yb) N (Fig. 10 e). Moreover, the low Nb/Ta (8.06–12.78) and Zr/Sm (26.74–53.08) ratios suggest that amphibolite remained in the residue during partial melting 81 (Fig. 10 f). Additionally, adakitic rocks (18.67 Ma) in the central UDMA aforementioned 28 display geochemical similarities to those in this study. Therefore, we infer that both the adakitic rocks from this study and those from previous work (18.67 Ma; Fig. 12 a–d) were derived from partial melting of thickened lower crust under amphibolite-bearing eclogite facies conditions. Non-adakitic diorite In contrast to the adakites described above, the diorites exhibit low Sr contents (258.0–289.5 ppm) and high concentrations of Y (28.21–29.33 ppm) and Yb (2.94–3.09 ppm), resulting in low Sr/Y ratios ranging from 9.04 to 9.92. These values plot within the field of the normal arc rocks instead of adakites on Sr/Y versus Y, (La/Yb) N versus Yb N , and La/Yb versus Yb diagrams 62 (Fig. 7 a, b, c). The diorites exhibit a narrow range of compositional variations (e.g., MgO = 3.03–3.13 wt%), suggesting that crustal contamination and/or fractional crystallization played only a negligible role in their genesis. The diorites display pronounced negative Nb, Ta, and Ti anomalies, which may be indicative of crustal contamination. However, the absence of correlation between SiO 2 and Nb/La suggests insignificant crust contamination for diorites (Fig. 10 a). Further evidence for limited crustal contamination includes their low Nb/U (3.23–4.23, averaging 3.73) and Ce/Pb ratios (0.78–3.82, averaging 2.50), both of which are lower than those of typical continental crust (Nb/U = 6 and Ce/Pb = 4) 96, 101 . Additionally, their relatively low Zr/Sm (16.07‒20.78) ratios are inconsistent with significant crustal contamination, given the higher Zr/Sm ratios (ca. 32) characteristic of the continental crust 96 . We therefore infer that the dioritic magmas experienced negligible crustal material contamination during ascent, and their negative Nb and Ta anomalies were inherited from their mantle source. The diorites display coherent variation trends on the Harker diagrams and share a similar shape in the chondrite-normalized REE patterns and trace element variations on the primitive mantle-normalized patterns, indicating a comagmatic origin. On the Harker diagrams (Fig. 11 ), MgO shows no significant correlation with TiO 2 , FeO T , P 2 O 5 , K 2 O, Cr, or Ni, a weak positive correlation with Al 2 O 3 , and a weak correlation with Na 2 O and CaO, suggesting limited fractional crystallization of plagioclase and hornblende in the diorites. This inference is supported by moderate negative Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu* = 0.58–0.68), which point to some degree of plagioclase fractionation. Moreover, on the La/Yb versus La diagram (Fig. 10 d), the diorites define a positive trend, consistent with a partial melting control. It is thus inferred that the generation of diorites is more likely to be controlled by partial melting with a limited degree of fractional crystallization involving plagioclase and hornblende. The diorites are characterized by high La/Ta (27.20–33.27) but low Nb/La (0.37–0.45) ratios, indicating a lithospheric mantle source, because magmas derived from such a source typically have elevated La/Ta ratios > 25 and Nb/La < 0.5 103 . This inference is corroborated by their enriched Nd − Hf isotopic compositions, with εNd(t) and εHf(t) values ranging from − 3.6 to − 3.0, and from − 3.5 to − 0.9, respectively (Fig. 8 a, b). Additionally, the diorites display the high-K calc-alkaline affinities (Fig. 5 b) and are enriched in LREEs (La N /Yb N = 4.42–6.05) with relatively flat HREEs (Gd N /Yb N = 1.32–1.71) (Fig. 6 g). They also exhibit pronounced enrichment in LILEs alongside marked negative Nb-Ta-Ti anomalies (Fig. 6 h). These features are diagnostic of subduction-related magmatism 98 , 101 . Consistently, their low Nb/Ta (12.05–13.37) and Zr/Sm (16.07–20.78) ratios also align with a subduction-related origin (Fig. 10 f). These geochemical and isotopic signatures collectively suggest that the diorites were generated by the partial melting of the subcontinental lithospheric mantle that had been modified by fluid from subducted sediments. Previous studies have shown that trace element ratios can be employed to examine the contributions of fluid/melt components released from a subducted slab or oceanic sediments 63 . As shown in Fig. 13 a, the diorites have low Nb/La ratios (0.37‒0.45), reflecting the contribution of fluids released from recycled sediment/slab 104 . They also display low Nb/Zr (0.09‒0.11) and Th/Zr (0.08‒0.10) ratios (Fig. 13 b), indicating significant fluid contributions 104 . Additionally, the diorites exhibit negative ε Nd (t) values (from − 3.6 to − 3.0) with high Ba/Th (54.49‒67.47) ratios, indicating the involvement of fluids released from sediments 62 (Fig. 13 c). In the La/Sc versus Co/Th diagram 105 (Fig. 13 d), the diorites exhibit low La/Sc ratios (0.89‒1.34), indicating that the recycled sediments are of oceanic subducted origin with La/Sc ratios below 1.5 105 . The low Co/Th ratios (1.64–2.18) of the diorites indicate a felsic to intermediate provenance for the oceanic sediments. The relatively low Rb/Sr ratios (0.26‒0.51) and the wide range of Ba/Rb ratios (3.77‒7.77) for the diorites indicate an amphibole-bearing source (Fig. 14 a) 81 . The modeling results of mantle melting using Dy/Yb versus La/Yb ratios indicate that the diorites were generated by small degree (approximately 3‒5%) partial melting of enriched amphibole-bearing spinel lherzolite (Fig. 14 b). In summary, we propose that the diorites were likely derived from an enriched mantle source, specifically, subcontinental lithospheric mantle, within the stability field of amphibole-bearing spinel through relatively low-degree partial melting partial melting of 3‒5%. Implications for geodynamic processes Based on the previous studies, some researchers have proposed that the continental collision between Arabia and Eurasia in Iran likely occurred during the Oligocene (ca. 37–23 Ma) 32 – 34 , 36 – 39 , and accordingly suggested a subsequent post-collisional extension during the Miocene. Other groups, however, have argued that the subduction may have persisted into the Miocene 14 , 23 – 24 , 27 – 29 , 31 , with the continental collision between Arabia and Eurasia in Iran possibly initiating during the early Miocene at ca. ~25–24 Ma 11, 16, 55 . According to the aforementioned discussion, the diorites (non-adakites) exhibit high-K calc-alkaline affinities, enrichment in LREEs and LILEs, significant depletion in HFSEs, and enriched Nd–Hf isotopic compositions. They are characterized by low Sr but high Y and Yb contents, low Sr/Y and (La/Yb) N ratios, classifying them as non-adakitic rocks. In contrast, the adakitic rocks (namely, rhyolites, dacites, and granodiorites) have high SiO 2 contents and low Mg # values, display highly fractionated REE patterns with depletion in HFSEs, and feature high Sr but low Y and Yb contents, high Sr/Y and (La/Yb) N ratios, classifying them as adakitic rocks. The diorites were most likely derived from an enriched subcontinental lithospheric mantle in the amphibole-bearing spinel facies that has been metasomatized by subduction-related fluids, whereas the adakitic rocks were generated by partial melting of the thickened lower crust. Accordingly, we infer that the transition of the deep geodynamic regime from extension to compression probably occurred during the Miocene in the central UDMA in the Kashan areas. Generally, the stability field of amphibole-bearing spinel for the diorites indicates partial melting of subcontinental lithospheric mantle at shallow depth (< 70 km) 106 within an extensional setting triggered by upwelling of the underlying hot asthenospheric mantle. Based on the results of this study and previous works, indeed, the upwelling and partial melting of the hot asthenospheric mantle were induced by rollback of the subducted Neo-Tethys Ocean slab during the Oligocene in UDMA, as OIB-type magmatism of Oligocene age in the region has been linked to the slab rollback 14 , 16 , 20 (Fig. 15 a). Moreover, studies from major orogenic belts worldwide, including in the Alps, the Dabie mountains, the Junggar terrane, and the Aegean Islands 107 , among other examples, demonstrate that slab rollback and breakoff are common processes in subduction–collision systems. Therefore, we suggest that the non-adakitic diorites in this study may represent a response to the final breakup of the subducted Neo-Tethys Ocean slab during the early Miocene, which resulted in upwelling of hot asthenospheric mantle and consequently partial melting of the subcontinental lithospheric mantle, and marked the termination of the slab subduction and the initial collision between Arabia and Eurasia in Iran (Fig. 15 b). The source for the adakites, the thickened lower crust, reflects continental collision between Arabia and Eurasia in Iran in the main collision stage (Fig. 15 c). In summary, we infer that the transition from extension to compression in the deep geodynamic regime in the central UDMA likely resulted from slab breakup. The non-adakitic diorites were derived by partial melting of subcontinental lithospheric mantle triggered by the final breakup of the subducted Neo-Tethys Ocean slab during the initial collision between Arabia and Eurasia in Iran. Subsequently, the adakitic rocks, including rhyolites, dacites, and granodiorites, were generated by partial melting of the thickened lower crust under the main collision stage between Arabia and Eurasia in Iran. Conclusions The early Miocene granitoids from the Kashan area in the central Urumieh-Dokhtar Magmatic Arc of Iran, as reported in our study, comprise both non-adakitic and adakitic rocks. The diorites are classified as non-adakitic, characterized by low Sr contents, high Y and Yb contents, and low Sr/Y and (La/Yb) N ratios. They exhibit high-K calc-alkaline affinities, enrichment in LREEs and LILEs, significant depletion in HFSEs, and negative Nd–Hf isotopic compositions. These diorites were most likely derived from low-degree (3‒5%) partial melting of an enriched subcontinental lithospheric mantle in the amphibole-bearing spinel stability field, which had been metasomatized by subduction-related fluids, and formed during the initial collision between the Arabia and Eurasia plates associated with the final breakoff of the subducted Neo-Tethys Ocean slab. In contrast, the rhyolites, dacites, and granodiorites are classified as adakitic rocks, characterized by high Sr contents, low Y and Yb contents, and high Sr/Y and (La/Yb) N ratios. They display high SiO 2 contents and low Mg # values, highly fractionated REE patterns with depletion in HFSEs, and were generated by partial melting of the thickened lower crust during the main collision between the Arabia and Eurasia plates. Declarations Acknowledgements We thank the journal editor for editorial handling, and the reviewers for helpful comments and suggestions. Funding This research was financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2024YFC2909905) and the Geological Survey of China (DD20240100710). Data availability All data generated or analyzed during this study are available in the four tables in the text. Competing interests The authors declare no competing interests. References Berberian, F. & Berberian, M. Tectono-plutonic episodes in Iran. In: Gupta, H.K., Delany, F.M. (Eds.), Zagros-Hindu Kush-Himalaya Geodynamic Evolution. AGU, Washington D.C , 5–32. (1981). Bagheri, S. & Stampfli, G. M. The Anarak, Jandaq and Posht-e-Badam metamorphic complexes in Central Iran: New geological data, relationships and tectonic implications. Tectonophysics 451 , 123–155 (2008). Ji, W. Q., Wu, F. Y., Chung, S. L., Li, J. X. & Liu, C. L. Zircon U–Pb geochronology and Hf isotopic constraints on petrogenesis of the Gangdese batholith, southern Tibet. Chem. Geol. 262 , 229–245 (2009). Zhang, H. R. & Hou, Z. Q. Tectonic evolution and metallogeny of Zagros, Iran. Acta Geol. Sin . 89 , 1560–1572 (2015). (in Chinese with English abstract). Deevsalar, R. et al. Mesozoic–Cenozoic mafic magmatism in Sanandaj–Sirjan Zone, Zagros Orogen (Western Iran): Geochemical and isotopic inferences from Middle Jurassic and late Eocene gabbros. Lithos 284–285 , 588–607 (2017). Zhang, H. R., Chen, J. L., Yang, T. N., Hou, Z. Q., Aghazadeh, M. & Jurassic granitoids in the northwestern Sanandaj–Sirjan Zone: Evolving magmatism in response to the development of a Neo-Tethyan slab window. Gondwana Res. 62 , 269–286 (2018). Shafaii Moghadam, H. et al. Roll-back, extension and mantle upwelling triggered Eocene potassic magmatism in NW Iran. J. Petrol. 59 (7), 1417–1465 (2018). Zhu, D. C., Wang, Q., Chung, S. L., Cawood, P. A. & Zhao, Z. D. Gangdese magmatism in southern Tibet and India-Asia convergence since 120 Ma. In: Treloar, P.J., Searle, M.P. (Eds.), Himalayan Tectonics: A Modern Synthesis. Geol. Soc. Lond. Spec. Publ. 483, 583–604. (2019). Berberian, M. & King, G. C. P. Towards a paleogeography and tectonic evolution of Iran. Can. J. Earth Sci. 18 , 210–265 (1981). Ghasemi, A. & Talbot, C. J. A new tectonic scenario for the SanandajeSirjan Zone (Iran). J. Afr. Earth Sci. 26 , 683–693 (2006). Agard, P. et al. Zagros orogeny: a subduction-dominated process. Geol. Mag . 148 , 692–725 (2011). Mouthereau, F., Lacombe, O. & Vergés, J. Building the Zagros collisional orogen: timing, strain distribution and the dynamics of Arabia/Eurasia plate convergence. Tectonophysics 532 , 27–60 (2012). Omrani, J. et al. Arc magmatism and subduction history beneath the Zagros Mountains, Iran: A new report of adakites and geodynamic consequences. Lithos 106 , 380–398 (2008). Verdel, C., Wernicke, B. P., Hassanzadeh, J. & Guest, B. A Paleogene extensional arc flare-up in Iran. Tectonics 30 , TC3008. (2011). Kananian, A., Sarjoughian, F., Nadimi, A., Ahmadian, J. & Ling, W. L. Geochemical characteristics of the Kuh-e Dom intrusion, Urumieh–Dokhtar Magmatic Arc (Iran): Implications for source regions and magmatic evolution. J. Asian Earth Sci. 90 , 137–148 (2014). Shahsavari Alavijeh, B., Rashidnejad-Omran, N. & Corfu, F. Zircon U-Pb ages and emplacement history of the Nodoushan plutonic complex in the central Urumieh-Dokhtar magmatic belt, Central Iran: Product of Neotethyan subduction during the Paleogene. J. Asian Earth Sci. 143 , 283–295 (2017). Nouri, F. et al. Zircon U-Pb dating, geochemistry and evolution of the Late Eocene Saveh magmatic complex, central Iran: Partial melts of sub-continental lithospheric mantle and magmatic differentiation. Lithos 314–315 , 274–292 (2018). Sepidbar, F. et al. Across-arc geochemical variations in the Paleogene magmatic belt of Iran. Lithos 344–345 , 280–296 (2019). Chaharlang, R., Ducea, M. N. & Ghalamghash, J. Geochemical evidences for quantifying crustal thickness over time in the Urumieh-Dokhtar magmatic arc (Iran). Lithos 374–375, 105723. Chappell, B. W. Aluminium saturation in I- and S-type granites and the characterization of fractionated haplogranites. Lithos 46, 535–551. (1999). (2020). Moghadam, H. S. et al. Roll-back, extension and mantle upwelling triggered Eocene potassic magmatism in NW Iran. J. Petrol. 59 , 1417–1465 (2018). Moghadam, H. S. et al. Geochronology, geochemistry and petrology of the Oligocene magmatism in SE segment of the UDMB, Iran. Lithos 416–417 , 106644 (2022). Mokhtari, M. A. A. et al. Early Eocene high-Sr/Y magmas from the Urumieh-Dokhtar paleo-arc, Iran: Implications for the origin of high-flux events in magmatic arcs. Lithos 416–417 , 106656 (2022). Babazadeh, S. et al. Constraints from geochemistry, zircon U-Pb geochronology and Hf-Nd isotopic compositions on the origin of Cenozoic volcanic rocks from central Urumieh-Dokhtar magmatic arc, Iran. Gondwana Res. 90 , 27–46 (2021). Babazadeh, S. et al. Middle to Late Miocene K-rich magmatism in Central Iran: Geochemical characterization of the post-collision mantle beneath the Urumieh–Dokhtar magmatic arc. Chem. Geol. 665 , 122308 (2024). Alizadeh Noudeh, S., Rolland, Y., Rossi, M., Bruguier, O. & Rahgoshay, M. Eocene high-K magmatic flare-up in a context of south dipping subduction and strike-slip tectonics: Insights from the Talysh Massif, NW Iran. J. Afr. Earth Sci. 264 , 106045 (2024). Shiva, A. N. et al. Geochronological, isotopic and petrogenetic investigations of Cenozoic Volcanic rocks in the Talysh Massif, NW Iran: Insights for the Eocene magmatic flare-up. Lithos 496–497 , 107954 (2025). Chiu, H. Y. et al. Zircon U–Pb age constraints from Iran on the magmatic evolution related to Neotethyan subduction and Zagros orogeny. Lithos 162–163 , 70–87 (2013). Yeganehfar, H., Ghorbani, M. R., Shinjo, R. & Ghaderi, M. Magmatic and geodynamic evolution of Urumieh–Dokhtar basic volcanism, Central Iran: major, trace element, isotopic, and geochronologic implications. Int. Geol. Rev. 55 (6), 767–786 (2013). Ghorbani, M. R., Graham, I. T. & Ghaderi, M. Oligocene–Miocene geodynamic evolution of the central part of Urumieh-Dokhtar Arc of Iran. Int. Geol. Rev. 56 (8), 1039–1050 (2014). Dokuz, A. A slab detachment and delamination model for the generation of Carboniferous high-potassium I-type magmatism in the Eastern Pontides, NE Turkey: The Kose composite pluton. Gondwana Res. 19 , 926–944 (2011). Babazadeh, S. et al. Late Oligocene–Miocene mantle upwelling and interaction inferred from mantle signatures in gabbroic to granitic rocks from the Urumieh– Dokhtar arc, south Ardestan, Iran. Int. Geol. Rev. 59 (12), 1590–1608 (2017). Shafiei, B., Haschke, M. & Shahabpour, J. Recycling of orogenic arc crust triggers porphyry Cu mineralization in Kerman Cenozoic arc rocks, southeastern Iran. Min. Deposita . 44 , 265–283 (2009). Dargahi, S., Arvin, M., Pan, Y. M. & Babaei, A. Petrogenesis of post-collisional A-type granitoids from the Urumieh–Dokhtar magmatic assemblage, Southwestern Kerman, Iran: Constraints on the Arabian–Eurasian continental collision. Lithos 115 , 190–204 (2010). Rezaeian, M., Carter, A., Hovius, N. & Allen, M. B. Cenozoic exhumation history of the Alborz Mountains, Iran: New constraints from low-temperature chronometry. Tectonics 31. (2012). Pirouz, M., Avouac, J. P., Hassanzadeh, J., Kirschvink, J. L. & Bahroudi, A. Early Neogene foreland of the Zagros, implications for the initial closure of the Neo-Tethys and kinematics of crustal shortening. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 477 , 168–182 (2017). Haghighi Bardineh, S. N., Sahamieh, R. Z., Zamanian, H., Khalaji, A. A. & Geochemical Sr-Nd isotopic investigations and U-Pb zircon chronology of the Takht granodiorite, west Iran: Evidence for postcollisional magmatism in the northern part of the Urumieh-Dokhtar magmatic assemblage. J. Afr. Earth Sci. 139 , 354–366 (2018). Stern, R. J., Moghadam, H. S., Pirouz, M. & Mooney, W. The geodynamic evolution of Iran. Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 49 , 9–36 (2021). Fedele, L. et al. Concurrent adakitic and non-adakitic Late Miocene-Quaternary magmatism at the Sahand volcano, Urumieh-Dokhtar Magmatic Arc (NW Iran). Lithos 458–459, 107344. (2023). Fedele, L. et al. Showcase of Igneous Processes in the Urumieh-Dokhtar Magmatic Arc: the Miocene-Quaternary Collisional Magmatism of the Bijar-Qorveh Area, Northwest Iran. J. Petrol. 63 , 1–28 (2022). Moradi, S., Christiansen, E. H., Jiang, S. Y. & &Ghorbani, M. R. Petrogenesis and tectonic implications of Cenozoic mafic volcanic rocks in the Kahak area of central Urumieh–Dokhtar magmatic arc, Iran. J. Asian Earth Sci. 239 , 105404 (2022). Moghaddam, M. J. & Karimpour, M. H. Eocene non-mineralization to Miocene porphyry copper mineralization-related magmatism in the Urumieh–Dokhtar magmatic arc, Iran. J. Geochem. Explor. 255 , 107338 (2023). Rossetti, F. et al. Adakite differentiation and emplacement in a subduction channel: the late Paleocene Sabzevar magmatism (NE Iran). Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 126 , 317–343 (2014). Rabiee, A. et al. Long-lived, Eocene-Miocene stationary magmatism in NW Iran along a transform plate boundary. Gondwana Res. 85 , 237–262 (2020). McInnes, B. I. A., Evans, N. J., Belousova, E. & Griffin, W. L. Porphyry copper deposits of the Kerman belt, Iran: timing of mineralization and exhumation processes. CSIRO Sci. Res. Report , 41 . (2003). McInnes, B. I. A., Evans, N. J., Fu, F. Q. & Garwin, S. Application of thermochronology to hydrothermal ore deposits. Rev. Mineral. Geochem. 58 , 467–498 (2005). Aghazadeh, M., Castro, A., Badrzadeh, Z. & Vogt, K. Post-collisional polycyclic plutonism from the Zagros hinterland: the Shaivar Dagh plutonic complex, Alborz belt, Iran. Geol. Mag . 148 , 980–1008 (2011). Aghazadeh, M., Hou, Z. Q., Badrzadeh, Z. & Zhou, L. Temporal–Spatial distribution and tectonic setting of porphyry copper deposits in Iran: Constraints from zircon U–Pb and molybdenite Re–Os geochronology. Ore Geol. Rev. 70 , 385–406 (2015). Honarmand, M. et al. Laser-ICP-MS U–Pb zircon ages and geochemical and Sr–Nd–Pb isotopic compositions of the Niyasar plutonic complex, Iran: constraints on petrogenesis and tectonic evolution. Int. Geol. Rev. 56 , 104–132 (2014). Ayati, F., Yavuz, F., Asadi, H. H., Richards, J. P. & Jourdan, F. Petrology and geochemistry of calc-alkaline volcanic and subvolcanic rocks, Dalli porphyry copper–Gold deposit, Markazi Province, Iran. Int. Geol. Rev. 55 , 158–184 (2013). Raeisi, D., Mirnejad, H., McFarlane, C., Sheibi, M. & Babazadeh, S. Geochemistry and zircon U-Pb geochronology of Miocene plutons in the Urumieh-Dokhtar magmatic arc, east Tafresh, Central Iran. Int. Geol. Rev. 62 , 1815–1827 (2020). Aliyari, F., Afzal, P., Harati, H. & Hou, Z. Q. Geology, mineralogy, ore fluid characteristics, and 40 Ar/ 39 Ar geochronology of the Kahang Cu-(Mo) porphyry deposit, Urumieh-Dokhtar Magmatic Arc, Central Iran. Ore Geol. Rev. 116 , 103238 (2020). Khaksar, T., Rashidnejad-Omran, N., Chen, F. K., Song, S. G. & Ghaderi, M. Zircon U-Pb Ages and Magmatic History of the KashanPlutons in the Central Urumieh-Dokhtar Magmatic Arc, Iran:Evidence for Neotethyan Subduction duringPaleogene-Neogene. J. Earth Sci. 31 , 53–68 (2020). Neill, I., Meliksetian, K., Allen, M. B., Navasardyan, G. & Kuiper, K. Petrogenesis of mafic collision zone magmatism: the Armenian sector of the Turkish-Iranian Plateau. Chem. Geol. 403 , 24–41 (2015). Fazlnia, A. Origin and magmatic evolution of the Quaternary syn-collision alkali basalts and related rocks from Salmas, northwestern Iran. Lithos 344–345 , 297–310 (2019). Agard, P., Omrani, J., Jolivet, L. & Mouthereau, F. Convergence history across Zagros (Iran): constraints from collisional and earlier deformation. Int. J. Earth Sci. 94 , 401–419 (2005). Yuan, H. L. et al. Simultaneous determinations of U–Pb age, Hf isotopes and trace element compositions of zircon by excimer laser-ablation quadrupole and multiple-collector ICPMS. Chem. Geol. 247 , 100–118 (2008). Ludwig, K. R. User's manual for Isoplot 3.0: a geochronological toolkit for Microsoft Excel. Berkeley Geochronol. Cent. Spec. Publ . 4 , 71 (2003). Elhlou, S., Belousova, E., Griffin, W. L., Pearson, N. J. & O'Reilly S. Y. Trace element and isotopic composition of GJ-red zircon standard by laser ablation. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. 70 (18), A158. (2006). Hou, K. J. et al. Laser ablation-MC-ICPMS technique for Hf isotope microanalysis of zircon and its geological applications. Acta Petrol. Sin . 23 , 2595–2604 (2007). (in Chinese with English abstract). Chen, J. L., Xu, J. F., Wang, B. D., Kang, Z. Q. & Li, J. Origin of Cenozoic alkaline potassic volcanic rocks at KonglongXiang, Lhasa terrane, Tibetan Plateau: products of partial melting of a mafic lower-crustal source? Chem. Geol. 273 , 286–299 (2010). Hoskin, P. W. O. & Schaltegger, U. The composition of zircon and igneous and metamorphic petrogenesis. Rev. Mineral. Geochem. 53 , 27–62 (2003). Defant, M. J. & Drummond, M. S. Derivation of some modern arc magmas by melting of young subducted lithosphere. Nature 347 (6294), 662–665 (1990). Hawkesworth, C. J., Turner, S. P., McDermott, F., Peate, D. W. & van Calsteren P. U–Th isotopes in arc magmas: implications for element transfer from subducted crust. Science 276 , 551–555 (1997). Kerrich, R., Polat, A., Wyman, D. & Hollings, P. Trace element systematics of Mg-, to Fe-tholeiitic basalt suites of the Superior Province: implications for Archean mantle reservoirs and greenstone belt genesis. Lithos 46 , 163–187 (1999). Polat, A. et al. Trace element systematics of the Neoarchean Fiskenæsset anorthosite complex and associated meta-volcanic rocks, SW Greenland: Evidence for a magmatic arc origin. Precambrian Res. 175 , 87–115 (2009). Zhong, J. et al. Major and trace element migration and metallogenic processes of the Xinshuijing U-Th deposit in the Longshoushan metallogenic belt, Gansu Province. Geol. China . 43 , 1393–1408 (2016). (in Chinese with English abstract). Floyd, P. A. & Winchester, J. A. Identification and discrimination of altered and metamorphosed volcanic rocks using immobile elements. Chem. Geol. 21 , 291–306 (1978). Jochum, K. P., Arndt, N. T. & Hofmann, A. W. Nb-Th-La in komatiites and basalts: constraints on komatiite petrogenesis and mantle evolution. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 107 , 272–289 (1991). Kiipli, T., Hints, R., Kallaste, T., Verš, E. & Voolma, M. Immobile and mobile elements during the transition of volcanic ash to bentonite–an example from the early Palaeozoic sedimentary section of the Baltic Basin. Sediment. Geology . 347 , 148–159 (2017). Whalen, J. B., Currie, K. L. & Chappell, B. W. A-type granites: geochemical characteristics, discrimination and petrogenesis. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 95 , 407–419 (1987). Chappell, B. W. & White, A. J. R. Two contrasting granite types. Pac. Geo . 7 , 173–174 (1974). Sylvester, P. J. Post-Collisional strongly peraluminous granites. Lithos 45 , 29–44 (1998). Watson, E. B. & Harrison, T. M. Zircon saturation revisited: temperature and composition effects in a variety of crustal magma types. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 64 , 295–304 (1983). Chappell, B. W., Bryant, C. J. & Wyborn, D. Peraluminous I-type granites. Lithos 153 , 142–153 (2012). Clemens, J. D. S-type granitic magmas: petrogenetic issues, models and evidence. Earth Sci. Rev. 61 (1–2), 1–18 (2003). Castillo, P. R., Janney, P. E. & Solidum, R. U. Petrology and geochemistry of Camiguin island, southern Philippines: insights to the source of adakites and other lavas in a complex arc setting. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 134 , 33–51 (1999). Macpherson, C. G., Dreher, S. T. & Thirlwall, M. F. Adakites without slab melting: high pressure differentiation of island arc magma, Mindanao, the Philippines. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 243 , 581–593 (2006). Sajona, F. G. et al. Initiation of subduction and the generation of slab melts in western and eastern Mindanao, Philippines. Geology 21, 1007–1010. (1993). Wang, Q. et al. Eocene melting of subducting continental crust and early uplifting of central Tibet: evidence from central-western Qiangtang high-K calc-alkaline andesites, dacites and rhyolites. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 272 , 158–171 (2008). Gutscher, M. A., Maury, R., Eissen, J. P. & Bourdon, E. Can slab melting be caused by flat subduction? Geology 28, 535–538. (2000). Martin, H., Smithies, R. H., Rapp, R., Moyen, J. F. & Champion, D. An overview of adakite, tonalite–trondhjemite–granodiorite (TTG), and sanukitoid: relationships and some implications for crustal evolution. Lithos 79 , 1–24 (2005). Moyen, J. F. High Sr/Y and La/Yb ratios: the meaning of the adakitic signature. Lithos 112 , 556–574 (2009). Reich, M. et al. Adakite like signature of late Miocen intrusions at the Ls Pelanbres giant porphyry copper deposit in the Andes of central Chile: metallogenic implications. Min. Deposita . 38 , 876–885 (2003). Gao, S. et al. Recycling lower continental crust in the North China craton. Nature 432 , 892–897 (2004). Kay, R. W. & Kay, S. M. Delamination and delamination magmatism. Tectonophysics 219 , 177–189 (1993). Wang, Q. et al. Petrogenesis of adakitic porphyries in an extensional tectonic setting, Dexing, South China: implications for the genesis of porphyry copper mineralization. J. Petrol. 47 , 119–144 (2006). Xu, J. F., Shinjio, R., Defant, M. J., Wang, Q. & Rapp, R. P. Origin of Mesozoic adakitic intrusive rocks in the Ningzhen area of east China: partial melting of delaminated lower continental crust? Geology 30, 1111–1114. (2002). Atherton, M. P. & Petford, N. Generation of sodium-rich magmas from newly underplated basaltic crust. Nature 362 , 144–146 (1993). Chung, S. L. et al. Adakites from continental collision zones: melting of thickened lower crust beneath southern Tibet. Geology 31 , 1021–1024 (2003). Condie, K. C. TTGs and adakites: are they both slab melts? Lithos 80, 33–44 Petford, N. & Atherton, M. Na-rich partial melts from newly underplated basaltic crust: the Cordillera Blanca Batholith, Peru. J. Petrol. 37, 1491–1521. (1996). (2005). Streck, M. J., Leeman, W. P. & Chesley, J. High-Mg andesite from Mount Shasta: a product of magma mixing and contamination, not a primitive mantle melt. Geology 35 , 351–354 (2007). Wang, Q., McDermott, F., Xu, J. F., Bellon, H. & Zhu, Y. T. Cenozoic K-rich adakitic volcanic rocks in the Hohxil area, northern Tibet: lower-crustal melting in an intracontinental setting. Geology 33 , 465–468 (2005). Wang, Q. et al. Early Cretaceous adakitic granites in the Northern Dabie Complex, central China: implications for partial melting and delamination of thickened lower crust. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta . 71 (10), 2609–2636 (2007). Xiong, X. L. et al. Extremely high-Na adakite-like magmas derived from alkali-rich basaltic underplate: the Late Cretaceous Zhantang andesites in the Huichang Basin, SE China. Geochem. J. 37 , 233–252 (2003). Baker, J. A., Menzies, M. A. & Thirlwall, M. F. Petrogenesis of Quaternary intraplate volcanism, Sana’a Yenmen: Implication and polybaric melt hybridization. J. Petrol. 38 , 1359–1239 (1997). Taylor, S. R. & McLennan, S. M. The Continental Crust: Its Composition and Evolution 1–312 (Oxford Press, Blackwell, 1985). Long, X. P. et al. Partial melting of thickened continental crust in central Tibet: Evidence from geochemistry and geochronology of Eocene adakitic rhyolites in the northern Qiangtang Terrane. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 414 , 30–44 (2015). Tamura, Y. et al. Mission immiscible: distinct subduction components generate two primary magmas at Pagan Volcano, Mariana Arc. J. Petrol. 55 , 63–101 (2014). 99 et al. Neoproterozoic slab window in the western Yangtze Block, South China: Evidence from adakitic granodiorites, gabbro-diorites and high-K granites in the Panxi arc belt. J. Asian Earth Sci. 259 , 105859 (2024). Hou, Z. Q., Gao, Y. F., Qu, X. M., Rui, Z. Y. & Mo, X. X. Origin of adakitic intrusives generated during mid-Miocene east-west extension in southern Tibet. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 220 , 139–155 (2004). Sun, S. S. & McDonough, W. F. Chemical and isotopic systematics of ocean basalt: implications for mantle composition and processes. Geol. Soc. Lond. Spec. Publ . 42 , 313–345 (1989). Moazzen, M., Ahangari, M., Oberhnsli, R. & Altenberger, U. Mineral chemistry and alteration patterns of Cr-spinel in serpentinized peridotites from NW Iran. J. Asian Earth Sci. 11 , 100178 (2024). Condie, K. C. Incompatible element ratios in oceanic basalts and komatiites: tracking deep mantle sources and continental growth rates with time. Geochem. y Geophys. Geosyst. 4 , 1005 (2003). Hofmann, A. W. Mantle geochemistry: the message from oceanic volcanism. Nature 385 , 219–229 (1997). Armstrong-Altrin, J. S. et al. Geochemistry of the Jurassic and upper Cretaceous shales from the Molango Region, Hidalgo, eastern Mexico: Implications of source area weathering, provenance, and tectonic setting. C R Geosci. 345 (4), 185–202 (2013). Furman, T. & Graham, D. Erosion of lithospheric mantle beneath the East African Rift system: geochemical evidence from the Kivu volcanic province. Lithos 48 , 237–262 (1999). von Blanckenburg, F. & Davis, J. H. Slab breakoff: a model for syncollisional magmatism and tectonics in the Alps. Tectonics 14 , 120–131 (1995). Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 13 Apr, 2026 Reviews received at journal 10 Apr, 2026 Reviews received at journal 10 Apr, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 08 Apr, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 08 Apr, 2026 Reviewers invited by journal 08 Apr, 2026 Editor assigned by journal 08 Apr, 2026 Editor invited by journal 08 Apr, 2026 Submission checks completed at journal 05 Apr, 2026 First submitted to journal 05 Apr, 2026 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-9264441","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":622494563,"identity":"fe803b7b-024b-4870-9d91-6ef1f5785408","order_by":0,"name":"Caihua Kou","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"State Key Laboratory of Deep Earth and Mineral Exploration, Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Caihua","middleName":"","lastName":"Kou","suffix":""},{"id":622494564,"identity":"6e343cb6-b8e8-49f2-806a-f79f04e0c74c","order_by":1,"name":"Hongrui Zhang","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAAzklEQVRIiWNgGAWjYDACCSBmbGCQA1JspGkxhmmRIFpLYgPRWuRnNz97+HXHvfQNx5ufPWDcYVNHUAvjnGPmxrJninM3nDlmbsB4Jo2wLcwSCWbSkm0JuRtuJJhJMLYdJqyFTSL9G0hLusH959+AWv4T1sIjkWMm+bEtIcHgBg/IlgOEtUhI5JRJM7YlGM48k1MmkdiWLNlASIv8jPRtkj/bEuT5jh/fJvGxzY6foC0gwMwDJBQOAIkEotQDAeMPkHUEHTQKRsEoGAUjFgAAF5w6vzFAn5wAAAAASUVORK5CYII=","orcid":"","institution":"State Key Laboratory of Deep Earth and Mineral Exploration, Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Hongrui","middleName":"","lastName":"Zhang","suffix":""},{"id":622494565,"identity":"fd71ea6c-2ba9-4e1f-9abd-3a983eb27b63","order_by":2,"name":"Mingyu Zhu","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"State Key Laboratory of Deep Earth and Mineral Exploration, Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Mingyu","middleName":"","lastName":"Zhu","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2026-03-30 08:53:15","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9264441/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9264441/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":106973537,"identity":"e4d196d1-4799-4f78-b7ee-372c403b1623","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-15 10:27:54","extension":"jpg","order_by":1,"title":"Figure 1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":2592772,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eGeological sketch map showing the distribution of magmatic rocks in Iran\u003csup\u003e14, 27\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig.1.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9264441/v1/d1574c9c51da827fb7738206.jpg"},{"id":106972560,"identity":"d3d12e81-41ee-4536-b2d1-f848871874dc","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-15 10:23:38","extension":"jpg","order_by":2,"title":"Figure 2","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":2880201,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eSketch geological map of Miocene granitoids from the Kashan area (modified from 1: 100,000 geological map of the Kashan area, Geological Survey of Iran)\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig.2.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9264441/v1/6e8adf71c98dec40679ba5ad.jpg"},{"id":106972958,"identity":"839ecf7c-7aa3-4e5a-9579-ee7480871d69","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-15 10:25:27","extension":"jpg","order_by":3,"title":"Figure 3","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":17704524,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eMicrophotographs showing the major minerals and textures of the studied granitoids from the Kashan area. (a, b) Plagioclase, sanidine, Quartz, and biotite in the rhyolites; (c, d) Plagioclase and K-feldspar with minor clinopyroxene in the dacites; (e, f) plagioclase, K-feldspar, biotite, hornblende, and Quartz in the granodiorites; (g, h) plagioclase and hornblende in the diorites. Pl = Plagioclase, Sa = sanidine, Kf = K-feldspar, Qz = Quartz, Bi = biotite, Hb = hornblende, \u0026nbsp;Cpx = clinopyroxene.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig.3.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9264441/v1/a4126743c0e3981c0e4d6b24.jpg"},{"id":106972557,"identity":"9f0da92e-d505-47ce-845c-e35fbd29331b","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-15 10:23:37","extension":"jpg","order_by":4,"title":"Figure 4","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":1387210,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eCL image (a) and U–Pb concordia and meanages diagrams (c, d, e) for zircon grains from the diorites. The spots of U–Pb data are shown with the yellow circles, and the spots of Lu–Hf data are shown with the pink circles.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig.4.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9264441/v1/910f8b9ffb54915bb48eb5f2.jpg"},{"id":106972789,"identity":"d794dd6d-e129-4bf1-95ae-5291d68e779b","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-15 10:24:21","extension":"jpg","order_by":5,"title":"Figure 5","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":2041616,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eDiagrams of (a) SiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e versus K\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO + Na\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO; (b) SiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e versus K\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO; (c) A/CNK versus A/NK; (d) K\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO versus Na\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig.5.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9264441/v1/c2cb562e0d543ba98e1e5c43.jpg"},{"id":106972582,"identity":"db1f1309-dbe3-4a5f-8155-9855eca435c9","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-15 10:23:44","extension":"jpg","order_by":6,"title":"Figure 6","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":1985437,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003e(a, c, e) Chondrite-normalized REE patterns and (b, d, f) primitive mantle normalized incompatible element patterns for the rhyolites, dacites, granodiorites, and diorites. The normalization values are from\u003csup\u003e101\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig.6.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9264441/v1/6ed036a78225e6faf37b6f84.jpg"},{"id":106972563,"identity":"a223450f-656b-4373-8a72-a20d8e7f3561","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-15 10:23:38","extension":"jpg","order_by":7,"title":"Figure 7","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":2117239,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eDiagrams of discrimination for the rhyolites, dacites, granodiorites, and diorites. (a) the Sr/Y versus Y; (b) (La/Yb)\u003csub\u003eN\u003c/sub\u003e versus Yb\u003csub\u003eN\u003c/sub\u003e; (c) La/Yb versus Yb; (d) FeO\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e/MgO versus 10000 × Ga/Al; (e) (K\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO + Na\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO)/CaO versus Zr + Nb + Ce + Y; (f) P\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e5\u003c/sub\u003e versus SiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e diagram. The symbols are similar to Fig. 5.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig.7.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9264441/v1/4c769816433d549a24e5480b.jpg"},{"id":106972562,"identity":"d565417c-83da-4209-a37b-baa8c160946e","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-15 10:23:38","extension":"jpg","order_by":8,"title":"Figure 8","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":1071142,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003e(a) Sr-Nd isotopic diagram of the granodiorites and diorites; (b) zircon εHf(t) value versus U‑Pb age of the diorites. The symbols are similar to Fig. 5.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig.8.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9264441/v1/0227a775332e90b8792e5593.jpg"},{"id":107480531,"identity":"8758edc4-b928-4cd8-847a-1b9bfc8bad77","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-22 02:11:52","extension":"jpg","order_by":9,"title":"Figure 9","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":1441012,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eLOI (loss on ignition) versus major and trace elements composition for the rhyolites, dacites, granodiorites, and diorites.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig.9.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9264441/v1/9489db4e55305ab98be2e554.jpg"},{"id":106994227,"identity":"995c2003-471d-473a-ab70-aebf9cdf650c","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-15 15:06:36","extension":"jpg","order_by":10,"title":"Figure 10","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":1471095,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eDiagrams of (a) SiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e versus Nb/La; (b) SiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e versus Sr/Y; (c) SiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e versus Dy/Yb; (d) La versus La/Yb; (e) (La/Yb)\u003csub\u003eN\u003c/sub\u003e versus (Dy/Yb)\u003csub\u003eN\u003c/sub\u003e; (f) Zr/Sm versus Nb/Ta\u003csup\u003e81\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig.10.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9264441/v1/a30319f37c20272266d5d480.jpg"},{"id":106972786,"identity":"0c5f455a-b05f-424f-af15-78a2a5fef53d","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-15 10:24:17","extension":"jpg","order_by":11,"title":"Figure 11","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":1412489,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003ePlots of MgO versus several major and trace elements for the rhyolites, dacites, granodiorites, and diorites.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig.11.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9264441/v1/3cc3f25e899faa557ff2e14b.jpg"},{"id":106972583,"identity":"481987ba-209a-4386-822c-766f9c03876b","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-15 10:23:44","extension":"jpg","order_by":12,"title":"Figure 12","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":2003518,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eDiagrams of (a) SiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e versus Mg\u003csup\u003e#\u003c/sup\u003e; (b) SiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e versus MgO; (c) SiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e versus Ni; (d) SiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e versus Cr. The diagrams are after\u003csup\u003e62, 81, 9\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig.12.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9264441/v1/d7a4c66a89b605a12dc2b79a.jpg"},{"id":106994409,"identity":"40e2a139-866e-4769-be1f-eb236e5bd33c","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-15 15:08:22","extension":"jpg","order_by":13,"title":"Figure 13","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":1205871,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eVariations of trace element ratios for the rocks in this study.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig.13.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9264441/v1/2169ab64267d3a173f15d6c4.jpg"},{"id":106972913,"identity":"4d16feb0-d2ad-417a-9eaf-63e10df1db58","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-15 10:25:11","extension":"jpg","order_by":14,"title":"Figure 14","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":1133248,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eDiagram of (a) Rb/Sr versus Ba/Rb and (b) Dy/Yb versus La/Yb for the diorites illustrating geochemical modeling results. The primitive mantle and enriched mantle compositions are from\u003csup\u003e101\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig.14.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9264441/v1/1a37531dba95f4f448aa4adc.jpg"},{"id":106972661,"identity":"71478ec6-cc09-46aa-90c5-5e7393317b30","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-15 10:23:53","extension":"jpg","order_by":15,"title":"Figure 15","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":1555342,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eSchematic cartoons illustrating the geodynamic processes of central UDMA\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig.15.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9264441/v1/80841053336a6bceeb7edfd4.jpg"},{"id":107704884,"identity":"2616740f-053a-429d-9038-9682b20617a8","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-24 09:02:23","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":21477874,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9264441/v1/912bee84-604f-4a46-8162-b0801d3288d4.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Petrogenesis and geodynamics of the Early Miocene Kashan granitoids in the central Urumieh-Dokhtar Magmatic Arc, Iran","fulltext":[{"header":"Introduction","content":"\u003cp\u003eThe Neo-Tethyan tectonic domain records a dynamic geological history, characterized by the opening and closing of the Neo-Tethys Ocean and subsequent continental collision between Arabia and Eurasia, which resulted in the formation of the NW-SE trending Zagros Orogen belt in Iran\u003csup\u003e1\u0026ndash;8\u003c/sup\u003e. The Zagros Orogen belt comprises the following major units from southwest to northeast: the Zagros Fold-and-Thrust Belt (ZFTB), the Sanandaj\u0026ndash;Sirjan Magmatic-Metamorphic Zone (SSZ), the Urumieh\u0026ndash;Dokhtar Magmatic Arc (UDMA)\u003csup\u003e9\u0026ndash;12\u003c/sup\u003e. Among them, the UDMA fully captures the magmatic and tectonic responses during the transition from oceanic subduction to continental collision. Therefore, it constitutes an outstanding natural geological laboratory for investigating magma genesis and deep geodynamic processes. Currently, considerable research has investigated the Cenozoic igneous activity in the UDMA\u003csup\u003e13\u0026ndash;26\u003c/sup\u003e. However, there is also still no consensus on the geodynamic processes driving the early Miocene magmatism in the UDMA. Key points of contention include whether it resulted from subduction-related processes preceding the initially continental collision of Arabia-Eurasia at ca. ~25\u0026ndash;23 Ma\u003csup\u003e11, 14, 23\u0026ndash;24, 27\u0026ndash;31\u003c/sup\u003e or from post-collisional extension following the continental collision at ca. 37\u0026ndash;23 Ma\u003csup\u003e32\u0026ndash;39\u003c/sup\u003e. Furthermore, the specific mechanisms responsible for triggering post-collisional extension are similarly unresolved, with three principal models under consideration: the breakoff of the subducted slab\u003csup\u003e13, 33, 40\u003c/sup\u003e, lithospheric delamination\u003csup\u003e33\u003c/sup\u003e, and delamination of the thickened crust\u003csup\u003e39, 41\u003c/sup\u003e. Unfortunately, crucial evidence to support these models is lacking.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Early Miocene records not only a key shift from pre- to post-collisional magmatism, but also a fundamental transition of the regional tectonic regime and deep geodynamic evolution. Magmatism from this period provides critical insights into the evolution of the Arabia-Eurasia continental collision, as well as the interactions among the subducted slab, lithospheric mantle, asthenosphere, and continental crust. Our recent investigations in the Kashan area, located in the central UDMA, Iran, have identified an Early Miocene (ca. 22 Ma) magmatic suite consisting of diorite and andesite, adakitic rocks (rhyolite, dacite, granodiorite). We present integrated U\u0026ndash;Pb zircon geochronology, Lu\u0026ndash;Hf isotopes, whole-rock major and trace elements, Sr\u0026ndash;Nd isotopic compositions of these rocks. Based on these new results, we evaluate their petrogenesis and crust-mantle interaction, and provide new insights into the associated deep geodynamic processes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGeological Setting\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe NW-SE trending Urumieh\u0026ndash;Dokhtar Magmatic Arc (UDMA) is a fundamental component of the Zagros Orogen belt, extending approximately 2000 km in length and 50 to 80 km in width. It lies parallel to the Zagros Fold\u0026ndash;Thrust Belt (ZFTB) and the Sanandaj\u0026ndash;Sirjan Zone (SSZ) to the southwest (Fig. 1). The oldest exposed stratigraphic units within the UDMA consist of Paleozoic to Mesozoic sedimentary rocks, including limestone, dolomite, sandstones, and shales, which show no evidence of metamorphism\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e. The outcropped strata in the UDMA range from Paleozoic through Mesozoic to Cenozoic sequences (Fig. 2). The UDMA represents a key province of Cenozoic magmatic activity in Iran, comprising thick (~ 4 km) sequences of extrusive and intrusive rocks, along with associated volcanoclastic units\u003csup\u003e14, 20\u0026ndash;21, 27\u003c/sup\u003e. A significant magmatic flare-up occurred during the Eocene and Oligocene, marked by the emplacement of calc-alkaline magmas\u003csup\u003e1, 14, 20, 27, 42\u0026ndash;43 \u003c/sup\u003e(ca. 55\u0026ndash;35 Ma). From the Late Oligocene to Miocene (ca. 30\u0026ndash;5 Ma), magmatism continued with the emplacement of calc-alkaline suites, which also exhibit ultrapotassic and adakitic affinities\u003csup\u003e14, 24, 27\u0026ndash;29, 31, 33, 36, 39\u0026ndash;41, 44\u0026ndash;52\u003c/sup\u003e (Fig. 1). Subsequent magmatic activity during the Pliocene\u0026ndash;Quaternary produced scattered alkaline rock series with intraplate-like geochemical signatures\u003csup\u003e39, 53\u0026ndash;54\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Miocene igneous rocks in central UDMA and Sampling\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Miocene igneous rocks in central UDMA\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNumerous Miocene igneous rocks, formed during the early to late Miocene (ca. 24\u0026ndash;5 Ma), are exposed in the Qom, Kashan, Natanz, Nain, and Yaza areas\u003csup\u003e13, 24, 28\u0026ndash;29, 31, 40, 48, 50, 52 \u003c/sup\u003e(Fig. 1). These rocks consist of basalt, gabbro, basaltic andesite, andesite, diorite, dacite, rhyolite, granodiorite, and granite. Among them, most early Miocene are non-adakites and belong to calc-alkaline and high-K calc-alkaline magmatic series\u003csup\u003e13, 24, 28\u0026ndash;29, 31, 40, 48, 50, 52\u003c/sup\u003e, whereas minor early Miocene intermediate\u0026ndash;felsic rocks (18.67 Ma) exhibit adakitic characteristics and are affiliated with calc-alkaline magmatic series\u003csup\u003e28\u0026ndash;29\u003c/sup\u003e. In addition, certain late Miocene intermediate rocks display alkaline affinities and are classified as shoshonite\u003csup\u003e24\u003c/sup\u003e. As a whole, the Miocene rocks show subduction-related geochemical signatures, characterized by depletions in Nb, Ta, and Ti. Some authors attributed this subduction-related affinity to the subduction processes during the final stage of subduction, which lasted until the early Miocene\u003csup\u003e11, 14, 27, 24, 55\u003c/sup\u003e. Other researchers, however, suggest that these rocks were derived from either asthenospheric mantle or lithospheric mantle that had been metasomatized by subduction-related materials within an extensional setting triggered by slab rollback and/or breakoff\u003csup\u003e11, 28\u0026ndash;29\u003c/sup\u003e. The early Miocene adakitic rocks are interpreted to have formed by decompression-induced partial melting of the slab\u003csup\u003e28\u003c/sup\u003e. The late Miocene shoshonite formed in a post-collisional setting\u003csup\u003e24\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSamples in this study\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe study areas are regarded as central UDMA (Fig. 1, 2), which refers to Qom, Kashan, Natanz, and Nain regions. The reported ages for Miocene granitoids in the central UDMA suggest that magmatism was episodic, predominantly occurring between 24 and 15 Ma\u003csup\u003e23, 27, 50\u003c/sup\u003e. Among these granitoids, both non-adakitic and adakitic affinities have been recognized\u003csup\u003e13, 27, 29, 32, 38\u003c/sup\u003e. The sampling locations are situated in the southern Kashan area, within the central UDMA (Fig. 1, 2). Samples were systematically collected from Miocene granitoids, including diorite and granodiorite, dacite and rhyolite (Fig. 2). \u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRhyolites are moderately porphyritic, containing 5\u0026ndash;10% phenocrysts of euhedral to subhedral plagioclase, sanidine, and minor biotite and quartz (Fig. 3a, b). The plagioclase phenocrysts are tabular, ranging from 0.2 to 2 mm in size, and exhibit well-developed polysynthetic twinning and oscillatory zoning. Quartz and sanidine phenocrysts, the latter displaying carlsbad twining, are typically 0.5 to 1 mm in size. Ferromagnesian minerals are scarce, represented by a few yellow to brown, euhedral biotite grains, 1\u0026ndash;2 mm in size. The groundmass is generally microcrystalline and consists of the same mineral phases observed as phenocrysts, along with Fe-Ti oxide.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDacites display a weakly to moderately porphyritic texture with less than 15% phenocrysts (Fig. 3c, d). The phenocryst assemblage is dominated by plagioclase and K-feldspar with minor clinopyroxene. The plagioclase plates are mostly euhedral to subhedral and tabular in shape, ranging from 0.2 to 2.5 mm in size. The K-feldspar grains are mostly euhedral to subhedral with 2.0 mm in size. The clinopyroxene is less common, typically fresh, and occurs as euhedral to subhedral grains ranging from 0.5 to 2.0 mm in size. The groundmass is generally microcrystalline and consists of the same phases observed as phenocrysts with sparse accessory opaque minerals (such as Fe-Ti oxide).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGranodiorites contain variable proportions of medium- to coarse-grained, euhedral to subhedral minerals (Fig. 3e, f). The main phases include plagioclase (60\u0026ndash;70 vol%; 0.5\u0026ndash;2.0 mm), K-feldspar (5\u0026ndash;10 vol%; 0.5 mm), biotite (5\u0026ndash;10 vol%; 0.5\u0026ndash;2.5 mm), and hornblende (5\u0026ndash;10 vol%; 2.0 mm). Quartz (15\u0026ndash;20 vol%) mainly occurs as fine-grained or microcrystalline aggregates filling the interstices between other grains (Fig. 3e, f). Many plagioclase crystals exhibit well-developed polysynthetic twinning and oscillatory zoning (Fig. 3e, f). The primary accessory minerals are Fe-Ti oxides, titanite, zircon, and apatite.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDiorites are dominated by variable proportions of plagioclase (70\u0026ndash;80 vol%) and hornblende (10\u0026ndash;20 vol%) along with minor Fe-Ti oxides, titanite, and apatite (Fig. 3g, h). The plagioclase crystals are mainly tabular and euhedral to subhedral in shape, with grain sizes varying from 0.5 to 3.0 mm. They generally exhibit well-developed polysynthetic twinning. The hornblende grains occur as euhedral to subhedral grains, ranging from 0.5 to 1.5 mm. \u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Analytical methods","content":"\u003cp\u003eOne diorite sample (NA-12-38) was selected for zircon separation and\u0026nbsp;U\u0026ndash;Pb dating. Zircon grains were extracted using conventional heavy liquids and magnetic techniques, and then purified by hand-picking under a binocular microscope. Representative zircon grains were mounted in epoxy resin and polished down to expose the grain centre. Internal structures of the zircon grains were examined using transmitted electron, backscattered electron (BSE), and cathode luminescence (CL) before analysis, to investigate their morphology and internal structures. The zircon U\u0026ndash;Pb isotopic analyses were carried out on an Elan 6100 DRCII quadrupole\u0026ndash;inductively coupled plasma\u0026ndash;mass spectrometer (Q-ICP-MS) coupled to a GeoLas Pro 193 nm ArF excimer laser-ablation system at the University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China. A beam of 32 \u0026mu;m in diameter was used. The analytical and data reduction procedures follow those described by\u003csup\u003e56\u003c/sup\u003e. A 91500 standard zircon was used for internal standardization during U\u0026ndash;Pb dating, whereas NIST 610 and 612 reference materials were monitored as external standards. Data were processed using the GLITTER and ISOPLOT\u003csup\u003e57\u003c/sup\u003eprograms.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn situ zircon Lu\u0026ndash;Hf isotopic analysis was carried out with\u0026nbsp;a Neptune multi-collector ICP-MS (Thermo-Finnigan) equipped with a Geolas-193 laser-ablation system at the Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Beijing). The analytical spots were made at U\u0026ndash;Pb dating spots, with a beam diameter of 32 \u0026micro;m and an 8 Hz repetition rate. A weighted mean \u003csup\u003e176\u003c/sup\u003eHf/\u003csup\u003e177\u003c/sup\u003eHf value of the reference standard GJ1 is 0.282015 \u0026plusmn; 8 (2\u0026sigma;, n = 10), which is consistent within error\u003csup\u003e58\u003c/sup\u003e (0.282015 \u0026plusmn; 19) and with that obtained in the laboratory (0.282008 \u0026plusmn; 20). Instrumental conditions, analytical procedures, and data acquisition were reported in detail in Hou et al\u003csup\u003e59\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe samples were crushed and powdered to 200 mesh in an agate mill for compositional analysis. Whole rock geochemical data were obtained at Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (GIGCAS). Major element oxides were analyzed by a Rigaku ZSX100e X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (XRF). Loss on ignition was determined gravimetrically after heating the samples at 1000\u0026deg;C for 1 hour. The analytical uncertainties are generally less than 2%. Trace element concentrations were determined using an inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) using the analytical procedures described by Chen et al\u003csup\u003e60\u003c/sup\u003e. (2010). The analytical uncertainties are less than 5%.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Sr-Nd isotopes were analyzed using a Finnigan MAT Triton TI TIMS at CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, China\u003csup\u003e60\u003c/sup\u003e. Sr isotopic data were normalized to \u003csup\u003e86\u003c/sup\u003eSr/\u003csup\u003e88\u003c/sup\u003eSr = 0.1194 and the NBS-987 Sr standard yielded an average value of 0.710244 \u0026plusmn; 0.000033 (2\u0026sigma;). Nd isotopic data were normalized to \u003csup\u003e146\u003c/sup\u003eNd/\u003csup\u003e144\u003c/sup\u003eNd = 0.7219, and the JMC Nd\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e standard yielded an average value of 0.511149 \u0026plusmn; 0.000022 (2\u0026sigma;).\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Results","content":"\u003cdiv id=\"Sec2\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eU\u0026ndash;Pb zircon age\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe results of zircon U\u0026ndash;Pb analyses are listed in Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e. The zircon grains separated from the diorites (sample NA12\u0026ndash;38\u0026ndash;6) exhibit transparent, euhedral and prismatic morphologies (50\u0026ndash;100 \u0026micro;m in length, 1:1\u0026ndash;2:1 aspect ratios) with homogeneous cathodoluminescence (CL) textures lacking obvious oscillatory zoning (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003ea). The relatively high Th/U values of 0.35‒0.86 supported an igneous origin\u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR61\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e61\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e. Eleven analyzed grains yielded a dispersed age spectrum of 26.6\u0026ndash;34.4 Ma (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003eb). Ten analytical spots yield a concordia age of 22.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.1 Ma (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003ec) with a similar weighted mean \u003csup\u003e206\u003c/sup\u003ePb/\u003csup\u003e238\u003c/sup\u003eU age of 22.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.5 Ma (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003ed), indicating that the crystallization age of the diorite is 22 Ma. In addition, rocks with adakitic affinities formed in the Qom and Kashan areas of the central UDMA at 17\u0026ndash;19 Ma\u003csup\u003e27\u003c/sup\u003e. Based on this, we consider the adakitic rocks in our study from the Kashan areas, namely, the granodiorite, dacite, and rhyolite (see section 4.2), to have an emplacement age of 17 Ma.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab1\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 1\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eZircon U\u0026ndash;Pb analytical data of diorite (NA12\u0026ndash;38\u0026ndash;6) in the Kanshan area.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"14\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c7\" colnum=\"7\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c8\" colnum=\"8\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c9\" colnum=\"9\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c10\" colnum=\"10\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c11\" colnum=\"11\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c12\" colnum=\"12\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c13\" colnum=\"13\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c14\" colnum=\"14\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpot\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"6\" nameend=\"c7\" namest=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eIsotopic ratio\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e238\u003c/sup\u003eU/\u003csup\u003e232\u003c/sup\u003eTh\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"6\" nameend=\"c14\" namest=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAge (Ma)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e207\u003c/sup\u003ePb/\u003csup\u003e206\u003c/sup\u003ePb\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1σ\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e207\u003c/sup\u003ePb/\u003csup\u003e235\u003c/sup\u003eU\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1σ\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e206\u003c/sup\u003ePb/\u003csup\u003e238\u003c/sup\u003eU\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1σ\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e207\u003c/sup\u003ePb/\u003csup\u003e206\u003c/sup\u003ePb\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1σ\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e207\u003c/sup\u003ePb/\u003csup\u003e235\u003c/sup\u003eU\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1σ\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e206\u003c/sup\u003ePb/\u003csup\u003e238\u003c/sup\u003eU\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1σ\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNA12-38-6-01\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.04470\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00198\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.02095\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00098\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00341\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00006\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.63\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-34\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e56\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNA12-38-6-02\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.04823\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00265\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.03534\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00204\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00535\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00010\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.54\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e111\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e93\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e35\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e34.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNA12-38-6-03\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.04714\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00189\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.02254\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00100\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00343\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00006\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.62\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e56\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e67\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNA12-38-6-04\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.04664\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00154\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.02246\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00086\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00349\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00006\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.70\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e31\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e53\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNA12-38-6-05\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.04860\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00191\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.02298\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00099\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00346\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00006\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.85\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e129\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e64\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNA12-38-6-06\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.04692\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00195\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.02289\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00105\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00350\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00006\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.86\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e45\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e63\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNA12-38-6-07\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.04885\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00220\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.02430\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00114\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00359\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00007\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.61\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e140\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e67\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNA12-38-6-08\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.04177\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00236\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.02013\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00118\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00356\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00008\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.52\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-190\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e88\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNA12-38-6-09\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.04957\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00224\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.02251\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00109\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00332\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00006\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.59\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e175\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e74\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNA12-38-6-10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.04701\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00205\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.02693\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00125\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00417\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00009\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.52\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e50\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e58\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e27\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNA12-38-6-11\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.04619\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00220\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.02801\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00145\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00468\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00010\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.54\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e64\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNA12-38-6-12\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.04680\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00218\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.02596\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00130\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00414\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00009\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.51\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e39\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e62\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNA12-38-6-13\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.04916\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00224\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.02967\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00142\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00454\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00010\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.71\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e156\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e64\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNA12-38-6-14\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.04604\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00195\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.02176\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00099\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00339\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00006\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.47\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e59\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNA12-38-6-15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.04562\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00235\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.03324\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00181\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00534\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00010\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.67\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-22\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e73\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e33\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e34.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNA12-38-6-16\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.04508\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00216\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.02774\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00150\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00448\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00010\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.57\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-16\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e71\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNA12-38-6-17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.04621\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00243\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.03314\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00190\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00533\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00011\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.52\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e84\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e33\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e34.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNA12-38-6-18\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.04353\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00222\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.02818\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00155\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00479\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00010\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.66\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-95\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e77\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNA12-38-6-19\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.04598\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00317\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.03215\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00273\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00511\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00010\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.47\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e139\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e32\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e32.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNA12-38-6-20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.04736\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00225\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.02953\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00157\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00457\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00010\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.67\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e68\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e74\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNA12-38-6-21\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.04665\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00205\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.02048\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00093\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00326\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.00006\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.35\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e31\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e65\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec3\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eWhole-rock major and trace element compositions\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe whole-rock major (all normalized to 100% anhydrous) and trace element compositions are presented in Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e. The rhyolites have the highest SiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e (69.76\u0026ndash;70.33 wt%), moderate MgO (0.74\u0026ndash;0.84 wt%), and relatively low total alkalis (Na\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;K\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;6.87\u0026ndash;7.01 wt%), K\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO (2.55\u0026ndash;2.63 wt%), and FeO\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e (2.52\u0026ndash;3.00 wt%) contents. They plot in the sub-alkaline series field on the SiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e versus K\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO+Na\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO diagram (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig5\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003ea) and in the calc-alkaline field on the SiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e versus K\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO diagram (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig5\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003eb). They are peraluminous with high A/CNK ratios (molecular ratio of Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e/(CaO\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;Na\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;K\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO)) ranging from 1.45 to 1.54 (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig5\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003ec). They exhibit low K\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO/Na\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO ratios (0.59\u0026ndash;0.61) (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig5\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003ed) and Mg\u003csup\u003e#\u003c/sup\u003e values (100 \u0026times; Mg/[Mg\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;Fe\u003csup\u003e2+\u003c/sup\u003e]\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;32.7\u0026ndash;39.8). On the Chondrite-normalized rare earth element (REE) patterns (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig6\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003ea), the rhyolites exhibit extremely fractionated light rare earth elements (LREEs) relative to medium rare earth elements (MREEs) and heavy rare earth elements (HREEs) as reflected in high (La/Sm)\u003csub\u003eN\u003c/sub\u003e (6.44\u0026ndash;6.56) and (La/Yb)\u003csub\u003eN\u003c/sub\u003e (47.97\u0026ndash;51.21; subscript N: chondrite-normalized) ratios. The samples lack significant Eu anomalies with Eu/Eu* (2\u0026times;Eu\u003csub\u003eN\u003c/sub\u003e/(Sm\u003csub\u003eN\u003c/sub\u003e+Gd\u003csub\u003eN\u003c/sub\u003e)) values of 0.88\u0026ndash;0.91 (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig6\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003ea). On the primitive mantle normalized trace element spider diagram (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig6\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003eb), they are strongly enriched in large ion lithophile elements (LILEs; e.g., Th and U) and significantly depleted in heavy field strength elements (HFSEs; e.g., Nb, Ta, and Ti). Notably, the rhyolites exhibit geochemical affinities to adakitic rocks, characterized by high Sr (408.9\u0026ndash;416.7 ppm), low Y (4.36\u0026ndash;4.47 ppm) and Yb (0.35\u0026ndash;0.37 ppm) contents, and consequently high Sr/Y (93.26\u0026ndash;94.28), (La/Yb)\u003csub\u003eN\u003c/sub\u003e (47.97\u0026ndash;51.21), and La/Yb (71.15\u0026ndash;75.96) ratios\u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR62\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e62\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig7\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003ea, b, c).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab2\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 2\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBulk rock composition of major (wt%) and trace elements (ppm) of samples in Kashan area.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"16\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c7\" colnum=\"7\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c8\" colnum=\"8\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c9\" colnum=\"9\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c10\" colnum=\"10\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c11\" colnum=\"11\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c12\" colnum=\"12\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c13\" colnum=\"13\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c14\" colnum=\"14\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c15\" colnum=\"15\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c16\" colnum=\"16\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSample\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNA12-35-2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNA12-35-3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNA12-35-4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNA12-35-5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNA12-36-1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNA12-36-2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNA12-37-1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNA12-37-3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNA12-37-4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNA12-37-5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNA12-38-1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNA12-38-2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNA12-38-3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNA12-38-4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNA12-38-5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRock\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"4\" nameend=\"c5\" namest=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRhyolite (17\u0026ndash;19 Ma)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c7\" namest=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDacite (17\u0026ndash;19 Ma)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"4\" nameend=\"c11\" namest=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eGranodiorite (17\u0026ndash;19 Ma)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"5\" nameend=\"c16\" namest=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiorite (22 Ma)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e70.33\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e69.76\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e70.24\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e69.84\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e63.12\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e63.01\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e63.80\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e65.48\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e65.36\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e65.46\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e60.79\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e61.28\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e60.93\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e60.24\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e60.74\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.32\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.34\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.34\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.32\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.67\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.66\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.57\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.49\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.51\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.46\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.82\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.87\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.86\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.87\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.83\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAl\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.43\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.33\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.49\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.35\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.13\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.65\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.19\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.76\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.81\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.77\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.46\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.55\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.53\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.48\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.56\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFeO\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.52\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.84\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.86\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.25\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.48\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.89\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.84\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.60\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.29\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.91\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.27\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.34\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.47\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMnO\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.08\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.14\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.11\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.11\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.05\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.07\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.09\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.09\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.08\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.08\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.18\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.16\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.14\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMgO\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.84\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.74\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.83\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.84\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.94\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.88\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.45\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.06\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.16\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.99\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.03\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.08\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.03\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.13\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCaO\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.36\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.69\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.62\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.46\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.05\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.81\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.26\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.37\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.18\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.01\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.94\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.11\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.36\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.59\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNa\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.38\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.34\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.27\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.38\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.08\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.12\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.80\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.68\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.81\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.18\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.65\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.69\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.75\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.90\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.67\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eK\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.63\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.55\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.60\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.57\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.21\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.12\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.65\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.95\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.61\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.33\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.14\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.45\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.69\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eP\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e5\u003c/sub\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.11\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.11\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.11\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.12\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.19\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.19\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.12\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.13\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.12\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.16\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLOI\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.55\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.11\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.26\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.59\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.64\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.39\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.61\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.85\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.86\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.72\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.09\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.64\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.24\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.34\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.14\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMg\u003csup\u003e#\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e39.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e32.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e36.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e36.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e47.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e45.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e46.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e46.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e42.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e43.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e45.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e41.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e45.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLa\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.89\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.51\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.04\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.70\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.27\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.08\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.29\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e45.18\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e39.65\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e39.31\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.45\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.74\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.34\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.29\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.31\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCe\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e45.02\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e45.63\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e45.16\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e46.17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e52.38\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.96\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e52.39\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e76.03\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e68.90\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e68.07\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e52.40\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e51.97\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e50.73\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e45.28\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e39.34\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePr\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.76\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.75\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.78\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.83\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.06\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.36\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.67\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.93\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.01\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.88\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.53\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.09\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.89\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.42\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.71\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNd\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.35\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.42\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.64\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.78\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.71\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.29\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.28\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.80\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.29\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.13\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.14\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.06\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.16\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.08\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.37\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSm\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.52\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.54\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.57\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.61\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.85\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.52\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.69\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.83\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.52\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.66\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.18\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.18\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.06\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.63\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEu\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.67\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.69\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.68\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.68\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.04\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.71\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.92\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.98\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.89\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.89\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.09\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.08\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.13\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.07\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eGd\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.90\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.96\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.95\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.91\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.97\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.24\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.08\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.91\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.90\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.07\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.22\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.45\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.90\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.76\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTb\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.21\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.21\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.21\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.21\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.36\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.26\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.46\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.46\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.39\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.38\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.87\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.85\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.89\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.87\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.82\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDy\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.98\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.99\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.80\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.37\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.55\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.30\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.07\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.24\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.42\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.32\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.08\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHo\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.16\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.32\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.25\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.51\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.46\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.42\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.42\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.12\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.16\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.14\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.11\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEr\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.41\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.41\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.42\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.42\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.81\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.64\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.46\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.14\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.16\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.09\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.08\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.27\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.18\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.09\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTm\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.06\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.06\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.06\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.06\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.11\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.09\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.21\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.19\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.47\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.46\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.48\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.47\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.46\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eYb\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.36\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.35\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.37\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.36\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.71\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.57\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.42\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.24\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.11\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.95\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.94\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.09\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.01\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.95\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLu\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.05\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.05\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.06\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.06\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.11\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.09\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.21\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.19\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.18\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.46\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.45\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.48\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.46\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.45\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eY\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.38\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.36\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.42\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.47\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.52\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.48\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.92\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.85\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.72\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.21\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.33\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.87\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSc\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.47\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.53\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.79\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.99\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.50\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.99\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.48\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.39\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.46\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.09\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.77\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.01\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.96\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.69\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eV\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.07\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.48\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.03\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.94\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e97.22\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e96.80\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e95.65\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e82.08\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e75.17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e82.30\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e165.10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e156.10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e162.30\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e171.80\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e169.10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCr\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e50.55\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e156.10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80.71\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e88.87\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e41.89\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e34.38\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e38.05\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e36.70\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.27\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e34.10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.24\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.72\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.25\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.64\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.29\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCo\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.02\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.41\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.28\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.56\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.62\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.43\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.99\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.76\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.48\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.67\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.18\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.97\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.53\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.77\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.59\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNi\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.56\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.32\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.30\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.89\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.25\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.50\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.19\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.13\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.64\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.08\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.49\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.87\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.75\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.95\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.12\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCu\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.13\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.65\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.37\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.22\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e64.66\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.09\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e140.10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.28\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.33\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.56\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.54\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.55\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.85\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePb\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.43\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.83\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.96\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.60\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.73\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.06\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.45\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.40\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.21\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.64\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.51\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.29\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.26\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e50.56\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eGa\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.09\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.03\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.46\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.64\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.89\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.52\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.92\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.52\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.96\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.94\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.64\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.55\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.68\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.99\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.84\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRb\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e75.34\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e75.19\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e76.88\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e78.06\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e54.18\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.07\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e92.79\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e107.30\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e98.28\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e111.50\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e81.19\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e67.71\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e146.60\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e75.85\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e105.50\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSr\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e409.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e408.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e416.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e416.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e595.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e377.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e403.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e409.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e391.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e390.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e268.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e258.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e289.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e265.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e271.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eZr\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e129.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e120.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e136.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e137.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e120.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e114.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e117.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e102.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e105.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e101.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e106.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e97.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e107.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e81.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e84.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNb\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.84\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.86\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.90\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.97\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.08\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.33\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.07\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.28\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.25\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.81\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.66\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.61\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.68\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.31\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.67\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCs\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.65\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.75\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.26\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.71\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.43\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.04\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.65\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.80\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.32\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.19\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.59\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.80\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.63\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.55\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.92\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBa\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e867.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e861.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e877.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e868.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1121.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e617.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e786.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e957.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e778.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e897.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e579.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e525.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e553.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e545.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e510.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHf\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.55\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.39\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.70\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.67\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.36\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.37\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.27\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.92\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.31\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.81\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.35\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.36\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.52\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTa\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.44\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.44\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.45\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.44\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.63\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.57\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.91\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.92\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.83\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.80\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.78\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.80\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.76\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.71\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTh\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.52\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.55\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.77\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.67\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.21\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.66\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.95\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.85\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.27\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.76\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.48\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.79\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.38\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.90\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eU\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.72\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.32\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.87\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.89\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.66\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.59\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.42\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.69\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.18\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.77\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.52\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.99\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.40\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.05\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTi\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1859\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1863\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1909\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1929\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4129\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3737\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3541\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3122\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3139\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3271\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5116\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5014\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5096\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5172\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4920\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMn\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e576.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e964.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e746.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e873.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e423.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e464.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e683.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e697.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e612.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e680.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1394.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1286.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1154.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1254.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1079.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eZn\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e40.59\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.68\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e38.42\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e40.58\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e168.20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e75.59\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e52.06\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e48.04\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e42.83\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e57.20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e77.81\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e77.30\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e86.70\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e93.72\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e96.43\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eGe\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.74\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.81\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.80\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.89\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.54\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.88\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.51\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.29\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.33\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.42\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.73\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.68\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.64\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.67\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.57\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003ctfoot\u003e \u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd colspan=\"16\"\u003eMg\u003csup\u003e#\u003c/sup\u003e = 100 \u0026times; Mg/[Mg\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;Fe\u003csup\u003e2+\u003c/sup\u003e]; FeO\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e = Total FeO; FeO\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.8998 \u0026times; FeO\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e. The major elements shown in the table were normalized to 100% anhydrous.\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tfoot\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe dacites are marked by high SiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e (63.01\u0026ndash;63.12 wt%), Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e (17.65\u0026ndash;18.13 wt%), and low K\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO (2.12\u0026ndash;2.21 wt%), total alkalis (6.24\u0026ndash;6.29 wt%), MgO (0.88\u0026ndash;0.94 wt%), and FeO\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e (4.15\u0026ndash;4.25 wt%) contents. These rocks also belong to the sub-alkaline series and the calc-alkaline series (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig5\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003ea, b) and display peraluminous affinities, with high A/CNK ratios of 1.33\u0026ndash;1.42 (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig5\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003ec). Their Mg\u003csup\u003e#\u003c/sup\u003e values range from 29.0 to 31.1, and K\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO/Na\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO ratios vary from 0.52 to 0.54 (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig5\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003ed). The dacites show strongly fractionated LREEs relative to HREEs with high (La/Yb)\u003csub\u003eN\u003c/sub\u003e (14.41\u0026ndash;26.81) values (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig6\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003ec). They display negligible Eu anomalies with Eu/Eu* values of 0.91\u0026ndash;0.94 (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig6\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003ec). The rocks are characterized by enrichment in LILEs and notable depletion in HFSEs (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig6\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003ed). Consistent with the rhyolites, the dacites display geochemical affinities to adakitic rocks, as indicated by the high Sr (377.2\u0026ndash;595.4 ppm) and low Y (4.52\u0026ndash;9.15 ppm) and Yb (0.57\u0026ndash;0.71 ppm) contents, and resulting in high Sr/Y (68.08\u0026ndash;83.38) (La/Yb)\u003csub\u003eN\u003c/sub\u003e (14.41\u0026ndash;26.81), and La/Yb (21.38\u0026ndash;39.76) ratios\u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR62\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e62\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig7\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003ea, b, c).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe granodiorites display high SiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e (63.80\u0026ndash;65.48 wt%), K\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO (2.65\u0026ndash;3.17 wt%), total alkalis (6.45\u0026ndash;7.32 wt%), and MgO (1.99\u0026ndash;2.45 wt%) but relatively low FeO\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e (4.60\u0026ndash;5.48 wt%) contents alongwith elevated K\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO/Na\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO ratios (0.70\u0026ndash;0.86) (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig5\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003ed). They have moderately high Mg\u003csup\u003e#\u003c/sup\u003e values varying from 45.5 to 47.0. On the SiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e versus K\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO+Na\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO diagram (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig5\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003ea), the samples exhibit sub-alkaline affinity, and on the SiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e versus K\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO diagram (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig5\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003eb), they fall into the high-K calc-alkaline field. They are peraluminous features with high A/CNK ratios between 1.37 and 1.44 (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig5\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003ec). The granodiorites are enriched in LREEs (La\u003csub\u003eN\u003c/sub\u003e/Yb\u003csub\u003eN\u003c/sub\u003e = 13.48\u0026ndash;24.62) (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig6\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003ee), exhibit flat HREE patterns (Ho\u003csub\u003eN\u003c/sub\u003e/Yb\u003csub\u003eN\u003c/sub\u003e = 1.06\u0026ndash;1.09), and have negligibly negative Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu*=0.79\u0026ndash;0.85). They are enriched in LILE but obviously depleted in HFSEs (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig6\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003ef), similar to the aforementioned rhyolites and granodiorites. As shown on the Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig7\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003ea\u0026ndash;c, the granodiorites display adakitic signatures including high Sr (390.4\u0026ndash;409.0 ppm) and low Y (10.85\u0026ndash;13.48 ppm) and Yb (1.11\u0026ndash;1.42 ppm) contents, high Sr/Y (29.93\u0026ndash;36.62), (La/Yb)\u003csub\u003eN\u003c/sub\u003e (13.48\u0026ndash;24.62) and La/Yb (19.99\u0026ndash;36.52) ratios\u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR62\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e62\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe diorites are characterized by high SiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e (60.24\u0026ndash;61.28 wt%), K\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO (2.33\u0026ndash;3.14 wt%), total alkalis (5.02\u0026ndash;5.89 wt%), FeO\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e (7.27\u0026ndash;8.34 wt%), MgO (3.03\u0026ndash;3.13 wt%) contents, alongwith elevated K\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO/Na\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO ratios (0.84\u0026ndash;1.14) (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig5\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003ed). The Mg\u003csup\u003e#\u003c/sup\u003e values are relatively high, ranging from 41.9 to 45.6. In the classification diagrams, the diorites plot in the sub-alkaline series field (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig5\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003ea) and correspond to the high-K calc-alkaline series (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig5\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003eb). They also show peraluminous characteristics with high A/CNK ratios of 1.29\u0026ndash;1.42 (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig5\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003ec). The diorites exhibit LREEs enrichment with (La/Yb)\u003csub\u003eN\u003c/sub\u003e and (La/Sm)\u003csub\u003eN\u003c/sub\u003e ratios of 4.42\u0026ndash;6.05 and 2.63\u0026ndash;3.22, respectively (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig6\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003eg). They display negative Eu anomalies with Eu/Eu* values of 0.58\u0026ndash;0.68 (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig6\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003eg). They show enrichment in LILEs and significant depletion in HFSEs (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig6\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003eh). The diorites are classdified as non-adakitic rocks (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig7\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003ea, b, c), characterized by low Sr (258.0\u0026ndash;289.5 ppm) contents, Sr/Y (9.04\u0026ndash;9.92) and (La/Yb)\u003csub\u003eN\u003c/sub\u003e (4.42\u0026ndash;6.05) ratios, and high Y (28.21\u0026ndash;29.33 ppm) and Yb (2.94\u0026ndash;3.09 ppm) contents\u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR62\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e62\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eSr–Nd isotope compositions\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Sr\u0026ndash;Nd isotope data are listed in Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e. The initial Sr isotope ratios and ε\u003csub\u003eNd\u003c/sub\u003e(t) values were calculated at 22 Ma for the diorite and 17 Ma for the granodiorite, respectively. The diorites yield relatively initial \u003csup\u003e87\u003c/sup\u003eSr/\u003csup\u003e86\u003c/sup\u003eSr ratios of 0.706181\u0026ndash;0.706269 and negative age-corrected εNd(t) values of \u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;3.6 to \u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;3.0, with two-stage model ages (T\u003csub\u003e2DM\u003c/sub\u003e) ranging from 1.08 to 1.23 Ga (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig8\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e8\u003c/span\u003ea). The granodiorites have relatively high initial \u003csup\u003e87\u003c/sup\u003eSr/\u003csup\u003e86\u003c/sup\u003eSr ratios of 0.706997 and negative age-corrected εNd(t) values of \u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;3.3 with two-stage model ages (T\u003csub\u003e2DM\u003c/sub\u003e) of 1.10 Ga (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig8\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e8\u003c/span\u003ea).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab3\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 3\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSr\u0026ndash;Nd isotopic compositions of samples in the Kashan area.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"12\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c7\" colnum=\"7\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c8\" colnum=\"8\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c9\" colnum=\"9\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c10\" colnum=\"10\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c11\" colnum=\"11\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c12\" colnum=\"12\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSample\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRock\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e87\u003c/sup\u003eRb/\u003csup\u003e86\u003c/sup\u003eSr\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e87\u003c/sup\u003eSr/\u003csup\u003e86\u003c/sup\u003eSr\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e147\u003c/sup\u003eSm/\u003csup\u003e144\u003c/sup\u003eNd\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e143\u003c/sup\u003eNd/\u003csup\u003e144\u003c/sup\u003eNd\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eT (Ma)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e(\u003csup\u003e87\u003c/sup\u003eSr/\u003csup\u003e86\u003c/sup\u003eSr)\u003csub\u003eⅰ\u003c/sub\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e(\u003csup\u003e143\u003c/sup\u003eNd/\u003csup\u003e144\u003c/sup\u003eNd)\u003csub\u003eⅰ\u003c/sub\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eεNd(t)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eT\u003csub\u003eDM\u003c/sub\u003e (Ma)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eT\u003csub\u003e2DM\u003c/sub\u003e (Ma)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNA12-37-3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eGranodiorite\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.7693\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.707179\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.0940\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.512458\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.706997\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.512448\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;3.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e882\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1103\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNA12-38-1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiorite\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiorite\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.8868\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.706546\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.1301\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.512475\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.706269\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.512456\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;3.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1233\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1080\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNA12-38-2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.7696\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.706421\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.1309\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.512446\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.706181\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.512427\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;3.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1298\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1126\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eLu–Hf isotope compositions\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTen zircon grains of the diorites (sample NA12\u0026ndash;38\u0026ndash;6) display homogeneous Hf isotope compositions (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e). The initial \u003csup\u003e176\u003c/sup\u003eHf/\u003csup\u003e177\u003c/sup\u003eHf ratios are characterized by 0.282660\u0026ndash;0.282733, and exhibit negative εHf(t) values ranging from \u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;3.5 to \u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;0.9 with the two-stage model ages of 1.16\u0026ndash;1.32 Ga (calculated at t\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;22 Ma) (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig8\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e8\u003c/span\u003eb).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab4\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 4\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLu\u0026ndash;Hf isotopic compositions of diorite (NA12\u0026ndash;38\u0026ndash;6) in the Kanshan area.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"13\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c7\" colnum=\"7\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c8\" colnum=\"8\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c9\" colnum=\"9\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c10\" colnum=\"10\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c11\" colnum=\"11\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c12\" colnum=\"12\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c13\" colnum=\"13\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSample\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAge(Ma)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e176\u003c/sup\u003eYb/\u003csup\u003e177\u003c/sup\u003eHf\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e176\u003c/sup\u003eLu/\u003csup\u003e177\u003c/sup\u003eHf\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2σ\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e176\u003c/sup\u003eHf/\u003csup\u003e177\u003c/sup\u003eHf\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2σ\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e176\u003c/sup\u003eHf/\u003csup\u003e177\u003c/sup\u003eHf (i)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eε\u003csub\u003eHf\u003c/sub\u003e(0)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eε\u003csub\u003eHf\u003c/sub\u003e(t)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eT\u003csub\u003eDM\u003c/sub\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eT\u003csub\u003eDM\u003c/sub\u003e\u003csup\u003eC\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ef\u003csub\u003eLu/Hf\u003c/sub\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNA12-38-6-01\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.057227\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.001797\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.000002\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.282732\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.000015\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.282732\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;1.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;0.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e753\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1161\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.95\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNA12-38-6-03\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.052664\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.001684\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.000004\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.282726\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.000015\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.282726\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;1.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;1.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e759\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1175\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.95\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNA12-38-6-04\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.032715\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.001054\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.000008\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.282693\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.000015\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.282693\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;2.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;2.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e793\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1248\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.97\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNA12-38-6-05\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.064289\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.002081\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.000005\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.282734\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.000016\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.282733\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;1.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;0.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e756\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1158\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.94\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNA12-38-6-06\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.041515\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.001364\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.000015\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.282688\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.000016\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.282687\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;3.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;2.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e808\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1261\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.96\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNA12-38-6-07\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.052402\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.001682\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.000012\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.282661\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.000016\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.282660\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;3.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;3.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e854\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1322\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.95\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNA12-38-6-08\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.043632\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.001428\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.000034\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.282721\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.000018\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.282720\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;1.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;1.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e762\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1188\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.96\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNA12-38-6-09\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.045408\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.001462\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.000002\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.282683\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.000016\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.282682\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;3.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;2.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e816\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1272\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.96\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNA12-38-6-14\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.060026\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.001922\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.000011\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.282713\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.000018\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.282712\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;2.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;1.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e784\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1206\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.94\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNA12-38-6-21\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.032987\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.001051\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.000002\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.282706\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.000014\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.282705\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;2.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;1.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e776\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1221\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.97\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Discussion","content":"\u003cdiv id=\"Sec7\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eEffects of alteration\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe granitoids exhibit variable degrees of hydrothermal alteration, as reflected by their elevated loss on ignition (LOI, to 1100\u0026deg;C) values ranging from 0.61 to 2.39 wt% (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e). To ensure the reliability of the data for petrogenetic and tectonic interpretation, we systematically assessed the mobility of elements during alteration. Most major elements, including SiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e, Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e, FeO\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e, MgO, CaO, K\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;Na\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO, and P\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e5\u003c/sub\u003e, show no significant correlation with LOI (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig9\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e9\u003c/span\u003ea\u0026ndash;h), suggesting that they remained largely immobile during the alteration. In general, REE and HFSE elements and Th are considered relatively immobile, even under intense hydrothermal conditions\u003csup\u003e\u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR64 CR65\" citationid=\"CR63\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e63\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR66\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e66\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e. Consistently, insignificant correlation between LOI and selected elements such as La (REE), Nb, Zr, and Ti (HFSE), and Th (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig9\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e9\u003c/span\u003ei\u0026ndash;m) indicates that these elements were not significantly mobilized by post-magmatic or hydrothermal processes. In addition, transition metal elements (Ni, Cr, Co, V) are generally resistant to mobilization during later alteration\u003csup\u003e\u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR68\" citationid=\"CR67\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e67\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR69\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e69\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e. Therefore, we infer that most major elements and incompatible elements, and particularly their interelement ratios, preserve the original magmatic signatures. These elements and their ratios are thus suitable for discussing petrogenesis, source characteristics, and tectonic implications.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec8\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003ePetrogenesis\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec9\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eAdakitic rhyolite, dacite, and granodiorite\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe granodiorite, dacite, and rhyolite in this study exhibit low 10000*Ga/Al values (2.05\u0026ndash;2.35), FeO\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e/MgO ratios (2.23\u0026ndash;4.85), and (Zr\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;Nb\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;Ce\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;Y) contents (151.91\u0026ndash;198.98 ppm), which are consistent with I-, and S-type but distinct from A-type granitoids\u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR70\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e70\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig7\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003ed, e). S-type granitoids typically contain Al-rich menieals such as muscovite, garnet, and cordierite, and are characterized by relatively high A/CNK values (up to 1.1)\u003csup\u003e71\u0026ndash;72\u003c/sup\u003e. Although the studied samples are peraluminous with elevated A/CNK values of 1.33\u0026ndash;1.54, they lack these characteristic Al-rich phases and instead contain clinopyroxene and hornblende (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e). The I-type with relatively low Zr saturation temperatures (T\u003csub\u003eZr\u003c/sub\u003e = 714\u0026ndash;746℃; Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e)\u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR73\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e73\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e can be peraluminous, such as peraluminous I-type granitoids from the Lachlan Fold Belt in southeastern Australia\u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR74\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e74\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e. Furthermore, they display a negative correlation between P\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e5\u003c/sub\u003e and SiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e, which is indicative of I-type rather than S-type granitoids\u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR75\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e75\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig7\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003ef).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn addition, the granodiorite, dacite, and rhyolite have high Sr (377.2\u0026ndash;595.4 ppm; most samples\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;400 ppm), low Y (4.36\u0026ndash;13.48 ppm; \u0026lt; 18 ppm) and Yb (0.35\u0026ndash;1.42 ppm; \u0026lt; 1.8 ppm) contents, plotting in the adakitic field on Sr/Y versus Y, (La/Yb)\u003csub\u003eN\u003c/sub\u003e versus Yb\u003csub\u003eN\u003c/sub\u003e, and La/Yb versus Yb diagrams\u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR62\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e62\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig7\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003ea, b, c). Several mechanisms have been propsed to account for the origin of adakitic rocks, including: (1) crustal assimilation and fractional crystallization (AFC) processes from parental basaltic magma\u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR76\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e76\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR77\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e77\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e; (2) the partial melting of subducted oceanic crust\u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR62\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e62\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR79 CR80 CR81 CR82\" citationid=\"CR78\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e78\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR83\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e83\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e; (3) partial melting of delaminated lower continental crust\u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR79\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e79\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR85 CR86\" citationid=\"CR84\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e84\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR87\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e87\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e; (4) parial melting of thicked lower continental crust\u003csup\u003e\u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR89 CR90 CR91 CR92 CR93\" citationid=\"CR88\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e88\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR94\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e94\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe adakitic rocks in this study cannot be attributed to crustal assimilation and fractional crystallization (AFC) processes from a parental basaltic magma. Because certain highly incompatible elements (e.g., Nb, U, Ce, and Pb) possess similar partition coefficient, their interelement ratios (e.g., Nb/U and Ce/Pb) tend to remain relatively constant during partial melting or fractional crystallization\u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR95\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e95\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e. Consequently, these ratios are widely used to assess the role of crustal assimilation. The adakitic samples exhibit low Nb/U (1.12\u0026ndash;1.78, averaging 1.49) and Ce/Pb ratios (1.70\u0026ndash;4.20, averaging 2.61), values even lower than those of typical continental crust (Nb/U\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;6 and Ce/Pb\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;4)\u003csup\u003e96\u003c/sup\u003e, suggesting that crustal assimilation is unlikely to have produced the observed compositional features. Additionally, the absence of a negative correlation between SiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e content and Nb/La ratio (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig10\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e10\u003c/span\u003ea) argues against significant crustal assimilation, as such a trend would be expected if assimilation had occurred\u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR96\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e96\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e. The geochemical trends also provide insights into the role of fractional crystallization. In the Harker diagrams, with increasing MgO content, the adaktic samples show increasing TiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e, FeO\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e, P\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e5\u003c/sub\u003e, and Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e, but decreasing CaO, Na\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO, and K\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO contents, whereas Cr and Ni contents remain constant over a small range of MgO (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig11\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e11\u003c/span\u003e), indicating minor fractional crystallization involving Fe\u0026ndash;Ti oxides, apatite, plagioclase, and K-feldspar. Although high-pressure fractionation of garnet from basaltic magma tends to elevate Sr/Y and Dy/Yb ratios in the residual melt, and low-pressure fractionation of hornblende can lower the Dy/Yb ratios\u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR76\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e76\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e, the lack of obvious correlations between Sr/Y, Dy/Yb, and SiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e contents (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig10\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e10\u003c/span\u003eb, c) does not support such a scenario. Furthermore, because La is more incompatible than Yb, La/Yb ratios increase with La concentration during partial melting but remain largely constant during fractional crystallization\u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR97\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e97\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig10\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e10\u003c/span\u003ed). On the La/Yb versus La diagram (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig10\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e10\u003c/span\u003ed), the adakitic samples define a trend consistent with a partial melting process. Thus, we propose that the adakitic rocks were generated by partial melting rather than through the AFC processes from basaltic magma.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAn origin involving partial melting of subducted oceanic crust is similarly precluded by the geochemical evidence presented as follows. The adakitic samples are enriched in LREEs (e.g., La) and LILEs (Th and U), resembling the geochemical characteristics of typical arc-related rocks\u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR98\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e98\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig6\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003ea, c, e). They also display pronounced negative Nb\u0026ndash;Ta anomalies, consistent with signatures of arc magmas commonly characterized by Nb\u0026ndash;Ta depletion\u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR98\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e98\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig6\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003eb, d, f). However, tectonic reconstructions indicate that the Neo-Tethys Ocean had already closed by the Miocene in the Zagros Orogen belt of Iran\u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR2\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR5 CR6\" citationid=\"CR4\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR7\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e, marking the termination of oceanic subduction. Consequently, it is unlikely that these adakitic rocks originated from the partial melting of subducted Neo-Tethys oceanic crust. They exhibit enriched Nd\u0026thinsp;\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;Sr isotopic compositions (εNd(t)\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;3.0, (\u003csup\u003e87\u003c/sup\u003eSr/\u003csup\u003e86\u003c/sup\u003eSr)\u003csub\u003ei\u003c/sub\u003e = 0.706997) (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig8\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e8\u003c/span\u003ea), distinct from those of adakitic rocks derived from partial melting of subducting oceanic crust, which typically show depleted mantle-like Nd\u0026thinsp;\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;Sr isotopic signatures\u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR80\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e80\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e. The relatively high and wide Rb/Sr ratios of our samples (0.05\u0026thinsp;\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;0.29) also differ from those of subducted slab-derived adakites (0.01\u0026thinsp;\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;0.05)\u003csup\u003e81\u003c/sup\u003e. Moreover, these rocks contain relatively high Th (9.52\u0026thinsp;\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;26.85 ppm, with one exception at 2.66 ppm) and K\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO (2.12\u0026thinsp;\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;3.17 wt%) contents, along with K\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO/Na\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO ratios ranging from 0.52 to 0.86 (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig5\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003ed). These compositional features contrast with those of typical slab-derived sodic melts, which are characterized by low Th concentrations (\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;3 ppm) and sodic-rich compositions (K\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO/Na\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO ratios\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.4)\u003csup\u003e62, 81\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe adakitic samples in this study were most likely derived from partial melting of thickened lower continental crust. They exhibit high SiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e (63.01\u0026thinsp;\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;70.33 wt%), MgO (0.74\u0026thinsp;\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;2.45 wt%), low Mg\u003csup\u003e#\u003c/sup\u003e (29\u0026thinsp;\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;47) values and low Ni (4.56\u0026thinsp;\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;22.13) contents consistent typical adakitic rocks derived from partial melting of thickened lower continental crust and experimental results regarding metabasaltic and eclogite melts (1\u0026thinsp;\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;4 Ga)\u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR97\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e97\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR99\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e99\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig12\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e12\u003c/span\u003ea, b, c). Additionally, these samples display elevated Th/Ce (0.10\u0026thinsp;\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;0.40), Th/La (0.22\u0026thinsp;\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;0.59), Rb/Sr (0.05\u0026thinsp;\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;0.29) ratios, which resemble those of adakitic rocks derived from thickened lower crust (Th/Ce\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.08\u0026thinsp;\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;0.99, Th/La\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.15\u0026thinsp;\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;2.99, Rb/Sr\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.14\u0026thinsp;\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;0.20) \u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR100\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e100\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e, suggesting a similar source affinity. Moreover, their Nb/Ta (8.06\u0026thinsp;\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;12.78, average with 10.82) and Zr/Hf (31.36\u0026thinsp;\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;37.53, average with 35.20) rations are comparable to those of the lower crust (Nb/Ta\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;11, Zr/Hf\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;33\u0026thinsp;\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;36)\u003csup\u003e101\u003c/sup\u003e. Notably, among the adakites, the rhyolites show high Cr contents (50.55\u0026thinsp;\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;156.10 ppm) (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig12\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e12\u003c/span\u003ed), distinguishing them from typical thickened lower crust-derived adakitic magmas and aligning more closely with those derived from delaminated lower crust. However, adakitic melts generated by partial melting of delaminated lower crust typically interact with mantle peridotite during ascent, resulting in significantly higher Mg\u003csup\u003e#\u003c/sup\u003e values (˃ 50) and MgO contents (˃ 2 wt%, even ˃ 3 wt%), and compatible elements concentrations (e.g., Cr ˃ 50 ppm and Ni ˃ 30 ppm) \u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR93\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e93\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR97\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e97\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR99\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e99\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e. In contrast, the rhyolites in this study have low Mg\u003csup\u003e#\u003c/sup\u003e (32.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;39.8), MgO (0.74\u0026thinsp;\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;0.84 wt %), and Ni (4.56\u0026thinsp;\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;5.32 ppm) contents (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig12\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e12\u003c/span\u003ea, b, c), indicating no significant interaction with mantle peridotite. Therefore, we interpret the decoupled Mg\u003csup\u003e#\u003c/sup\u003e-Cr-Ni signatures in the rhyolites as reflecting source heterogeneity, possibly involving Cr-rich materials such as residual pyroxenite, which contains pyroxene and Cr-spinel that undergo melting, releasing their enriched Cr into the local melt\u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR102\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e102\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e. The adaktic samples are characterized by low HREE contents, high Sr/Y and (La/Yb)\u003csub\u003eN\u003c/sub\u003e ratios, and negligible negative Eu anomalies, features indicative of garnet as a major residual phase in the source. The interpretation is reinforced by the positive correlation between (Dy/Yb)\u003csub\u003eN\u003c/sub\u003e and (La/Yb)\u003csub\u003eN\u003c/sub\u003e (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig10\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e10\u003c/span\u003ee). Moreover, the low Nb/Ta (8.06\u0026ndash;12.78) and Zr/Sm (26.74\u0026ndash;53.08) ratios suggest that amphibolite remained in the residue during partial melting\u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR81\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e81\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig10\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e10\u003c/span\u003ef). Additionally, adakitic rocks (18.67 Ma) in the central UDMA aforementioned\u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR28\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e28\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e display geochemical similarities to those in this study. Therefore, we infer that both the adakitic rocks from this study and those from previous work (18.67 Ma; Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig12\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e12\u003c/span\u003ea\u0026ndash;d) were derived from partial melting of thickened lower crust under amphibolite-bearing eclogite facies conditions.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eNon-adakitic diorite\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn contrast to the adakites described above, the diorites exhibit low Sr contents (258.0\u0026ndash;289.5 ppm) and high concentrations of Y (28.21\u0026ndash;29.33 ppm) and Yb (2.94\u0026ndash;3.09 ppm), resulting in low Sr/Y ratios ranging from 9.04 to 9.92. These values plot within the field of the normal arc rocks instead of adakites on Sr/Y versus Y, (La/Yb)\u003csub\u003eN\u003c/sub\u003e versus Yb\u003csub\u003eN\u003c/sub\u003e, and La/Yb versus Yb diagrams\u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR62\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e62\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig7\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003ea, b, c). The diorites exhibit a narrow range of compositional variations (e.g., MgO\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;3.03\u0026ndash;3.13 wt%), suggesting that crustal contamination and/or fractional crystallization played only a negligible role in their genesis. The diorites display pronounced negative Nb, Ta, and Ti anomalies, which may be indicative of crustal contamination. However, the absence of correlation between SiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e and Nb/La suggests insignificant crust contamination for diorites (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig10\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e10\u003c/span\u003ea). Further evidence for limited crustal contamination includes their low Nb/U (3.23\u0026ndash;4.23, averaging 3.73) and Ce/Pb ratios (0.78\u0026ndash;3.82, averaging 2.50), both of which are lower than those of typical continental crust (Nb/U\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;6 and Ce/Pb\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;4)\u003csup\u003e96, 101\u003c/sup\u003e. Additionally, their relatively low Zr/Sm (16.07‒20.78) ratios are inconsistent with significant crustal contamination, given the higher Zr/Sm ratios (ca. 32) characteristic of the continental crust\u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR96\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e96\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e. We therefore infer that the dioritic magmas experienced negligible crustal material contamination during ascent, and their negative Nb and Ta anomalies were inherited from their mantle source. The diorites display coherent variation trends on the Harker diagrams and share a similar shape in the chondrite-normalized REE patterns and trace element variations on the primitive mantle-normalized patterns, indicating a comagmatic origin. On the Harker diagrams (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig11\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e11\u003c/span\u003e), MgO shows no significant correlation with TiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e, FeO\u003csup\u003eT\u003c/sup\u003e, P\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e5\u003c/sub\u003e, K\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO, Cr, or Ni, a weak positive correlation with Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e, and a weak correlation with Na\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO and CaO, suggesting limited fractional crystallization of plagioclase and hornblende in the diorites. This inference is supported by moderate negative Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu* = 0.58\u0026ndash;0.68), which point to some degree of plagioclase fractionation. Moreover, on the La/Yb versus La diagram (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig10\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e10\u003c/span\u003ed), the diorites define a positive trend, consistent with a partial melting control. It is thus inferred that the generation of diorites is more likely to be controlled by partial melting with a limited degree of fractional crystallization involving plagioclase and hornblende.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe diorites are characterized by high La/Ta (27.20\u0026ndash;33.27) but low Nb/La (0.37\u0026ndash;0.45) ratios, indicating a lithospheric mantle source, because magmas derived from such a source typically have elevated La/Ta ratios\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;25 and Nb/La\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.5\u003csup\u003e103\u003c/sup\u003e. This inference is corroborated by their enriched Nd\u0026thinsp;\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;Hf isotopic compositions, with εNd(t) and εHf(t) values ranging from \u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;3.6 to \u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;3.0, and from \u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;3.5 to \u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;0.9, respectively (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig8\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e8\u003c/span\u003ea, b). Additionally, the diorites display the high-K calc-alkaline affinities (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig5\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003eb) and are enriched in LREEs (La\u003csub\u003eN\u003c/sub\u003e/Yb\u003csub\u003eN\u003c/sub\u003e = 4.42\u0026ndash;6.05) with relatively flat HREEs (Gd\u003csub\u003eN\u003c/sub\u003e/Yb\u003csub\u003eN\u003c/sub\u003e = 1.32\u0026ndash;1.71) (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig6\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003eg). They also exhibit pronounced enrichment in LILEs alongside marked negative Nb-Ta-Ti anomalies (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig6\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003eh). These features are diagnostic of subduction-related magmatism\u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR98\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e98\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR101\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e101\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e. Consistently, their low Nb/Ta (12.05\u0026ndash;13.37) and Zr/Sm (16.07\u0026ndash;20.78) ratios also align with a subduction-related origin (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig10\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e10\u003c/span\u003ef). These geochemical and isotopic signatures collectively suggest that the diorites were generated by the partial melting of the subcontinental lithospheric mantle that had been modified by fluid from subducted sediments. Previous studies have shown that trace element ratios can be employed to examine the contributions of fluid/melt components released from a subducted slab or oceanic sediments\u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR63\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e63\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e. As shown in Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig13\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e13\u003c/span\u003ea, the diorites have low Nb/La ratios (0.37‒0.45), reflecting the contribution of fluids released from recycled sediment/slab\u003csup\u003e104\u003c/sup\u003e. They also display low Nb/Zr (0.09‒0.11) and Th/Zr (0.08‒0.10) ratios (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig13\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e13\u003c/span\u003eb), indicating significant fluid contributions\u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR104\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e104\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e. Additionally, the diorites exhibit negative ε\u003csub\u003eNd\u003c/sub\u003e(t) values (from \u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;3.6 to \u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;3.0) with high Ba/Th (54.49‒67.47) ratios, indicating the involvement of fluids released from sediments\u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR62\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e62\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig13\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e13\u003c/span\u003ec). In the La/Sc versus Co/Th diagram\u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR105\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e105\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig13\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e13\u003c/span\u003ed), the diorites exhibit low La/Sc ratios (0.89‒1.34), indicating that the recycled sediments are of oceanic subducted origin with La/Sc ratios below 1.5\u003csup\u003e105\u003c/sup\u003e. The low Co/Th ratios (1.64\u0026ndash;2.18) of the diorites indicate a felsic to intermediate provenance for the oceanic sediments. The relatively low Rb/Sr ratios (0.26‒0.51) and the wide range of Ba/Rb ratios (3.77‒7.77) for the diorites indicate an amphibole-bearing source (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig14\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e14\u003c/span\u003ea)\u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR81\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e81\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e. The modeling results of mantle melting using Dy/Yb versus La/Yb ratios indicate that the diorites were generated by small degree (approximately 3‒5%) partial melting of enriched amphibole-bearing spinel lherzolite (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig14\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e14\u003c/span\u003eb). In summary, we propose that the diorites were likely derived from an enriched mantle source, specifically, subcontinental lithospheric mantle, within the stability field of amphibole-bearing spinel through relatively low-degree partial melting partial melting of 3‒5%.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec11\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eImplications for geodynamic processes\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eBased on the previous studies, some researchers have proposed that the continental collision between Arabia and Eurasia in Iran likely occurred during the Oligocene (ca. 37\u0026ndash;23 Ma)\u003csup\u003e\u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR33\" citationid=\"CR32\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e32\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR34\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e34\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR37 CR38\" citationid=\"CR36\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e36\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR39\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e39\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e, and accordingly suggested a subsequent post-collisional extension during the Miocene. Other groups, however, have argued that the subduction may have persisted into the Miocene\u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR14\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e14\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR23\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e23\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR24\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e24\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR28\" citationid=\"CR27\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e27\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR29\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e29\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR31\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e31\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e, with the continental collision between Arabia and Eurasia in Iran possibly initiating during the early Miocene at ca. ~25\u0026ndash;24 Ma\u003csup\u003e11, 16, 55\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAccording to the aforementioned discussion, the diorites (non-adakites) exhibit high-K calc-alkaline affinities, enrichment in LREEs and LILEs, significant depletion in HFSEs, and enriched Nd\u0026ndash;Hf isotopic compositions. They are characterized by low Sr but high Y and Yb contents, low Sr/Y and (La/Yb)\u003csub\u003eN\u003c/sub\u003e ratios, classifying them as non-adakitic rocks. In contrast, the adakitic rocks (namely, rhyolites, dacites, and granodiorites) have high SiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e contents and low Mg\u003csup\u003e#\u003c/sup\u003e values, display highly fractionated REE patterns with depletion in HFSEs, and feature high Sr but low Y and Yb contents, high Sr/Y and (La/Yb)\u003csub\u003eN\u003c/sub\u003e ratios, classifying them as adakitic rocks. The diorites were most likely derived from an enriched subcontinental lithospheric mantle in the amphibole-bearing spinel facies that has been metasomatized by subduction-related fluids, whereas the adakitic rocks were generated by partial melting of the thickened lower crust. Accordingly, we infer that the transition of the deep geodynamic regime from extension to compression probably occurred during the Miocene in the central UDMA in the Kashan areas.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGenerally, the stability field of amphibole-bearing spinel for the diorites indicates partial melting of subcontinental lithospheric mantle at shallow depth (\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;70 km)\u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR106\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e106\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e within an extensional setting triggered by upwelling of the underlying hot asthenospheric mantle. Based on the results of this study and previous works, indeed, the upwelling and partial melting of the hot asthenospheric mantle were induced by rollback of the subducted Neo-Tethys Ocean slab during the Oligocene in UDMA, as OIB-type magmatism of Oligocene age in the region has been linked to the slab rollback\u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR14\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e14\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR16\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e16\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR20\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e20\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig15\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e15\u003c/span\u003ea). Moreover, studies from major orogenic belts worldwide, including in the Alps, the Dabie mountains, the Junggar terrane, and the Aegean Islands\u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR107\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e107\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e, among other examples, demonstrate that slab rollback and breakoff are common processes in subduction\u0026ndash;collision systems. Therefore, we suggest that the non-adakitic diorites in this study may represent a response to the final breakup of the subducted Neo-Tethys Ocean slab during the early Miocene, which resulted in upwelling of hot asthenospheric mantle and consequently partial melting of the subcontinental lithospheric mantle, and marked the termination of the slab subduction and the initial collision between Arabia and Eurasia in Iran (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig15\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e15\u003c/span\u003eb). The source for the adakites, the thickened lower crust, reflects continental collision between Arabia and Eurasia in Iran in the main collision stage (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig15\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e15\u003c/span\u003ec).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn summary, we infer that the transition from extension to compression in the deep geodynamic regime in the central UDMA likely resulted from slab breakup. The non-adakitic diorites were derived by partial melting of subcontinental lithospheric mantle triggered by the final breakup of the subducted Neo-Tethys Ocean slab during the initial collision between Arabia and Eurasia in Iran. Subsequently, the adakitic rocks, including rhyolites, dacites, and granodiorites, were generated by partial melting of the thickened lower crust under the main collision stage between Arabia and Eurasia in Iran.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"Conclusions","content":"\u003cp\u003eThe early Miocene granitoids from the Kashan area in the central Urumieh-Dokhtar Magmatic Arc of Iran, as reported in our study, comprise both non-adakitic and adakitic rocks. The diorites are classified as non-adakitic, characterized by low Sr contents, high Y and Yb contents, and low Sr/Y and (La/Yb)\u003csub\u003eN\u003c/sub\u003e ratios. They exhibit high-K calc-alkaline affinities, enrichment in LREEs and LILEs, significant depletion in HFSEs, and negative Nd\u0026ndash;Hf isotopic compositions. These diorites were most likely derived from low-degree (3‒5%) partial melting of an enriched subcontinental lithospheric mantle in the amphibole-bearing spinel stability field, which had been metasomatized by subduction-related fluids, and formed during the initial collision between the Arabia and Eurasia plates associated with the final breakoff of the subducted Neo-Tethys Ocean slab. In contrast, the rhyolites, dacites, and granodiorites are classified as adakitic rocks, characterized by high Sr contents, low Y and Yb contents, and high Sr/Y and (La/Yb)\u003csub\u003eN\u003c/sub\u003e ratios. They display high SiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e contents and low Mg\u003csup\u003e#\u003c/sup\u003e values, highly fractionated REE patterns with depletion in HFSEs, and were generated by partial melting of the thickened lower crust during the main collision between the Arabia and Eurasia plates.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe thank the journal editor\u0026nbsp;for editorial handling, and\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;reviewers for helpful comments and suggestions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFunding\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis research was financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2024YFC2909905)\u0026nbsp;and the Geological Survey of China (DD20240100710).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eData availability\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll data generated or analyzed during this study are available in the four tables in the text.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCompeting interests\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe authors declare no competing interests.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eBerberian, F. \u0026amp; Berberian, M. Tectono-plutonic episodes in Iran. In: Gupta, H.K., Delany, F.M. (Eds.), Zagros-Hindu Kush-Himalaya Geodynamic Evolution. \u003cem\u003eAGU, Washington D.C\u003c/em\u003e, 5\u0026ndash;32. (1981).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eBagheri, S. \u0026amp; Stampfli, G. M. The Anarak, Jandaq and Posht-e-Badam metamorphic complexes in Central Iran: New geological data, relationships and tectonic implications. \u003cem\u003eTectonophysics\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e451\u003c/b\u003e, 123\u0026ndash;155 (2008).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eJi, W. Q., Wu, F. Y., Chung, S. L., Li, J. X. \u0026amp; Liu, C. L. Zircon U\u0026ndash;Pb geochronology and Hf isotopic constraints on petrogenesis of the Gangdese batholith, southern Tibet. \u003cem\u003eChem. Geol.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e262\u003c/b\u003e, 229\u0026ndash;245 (2009).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eZhang, H. R. \u0026amp; Hou, Z. Q. Tectonic evolution and metallogeny of Zagros, Iran. \u003cem\u003eActa Geol. Sin\u003c/em\u003e. \u003cb\u003e89\u003c/b\u003e, 1560\u0026ndash;1572 (2015). (in Chinese with English abstract).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eDeevsalar, R. et al. Mesozoic\u0026ndash;Cenozoic mafic magmatism in Sanandaj\u0026ndash;Sirjan Zone, Zagros Orogen (Western Iran): Geochemical and isotopic inferences from Middle Jurassic and late Eocene gabbros. \u003cem\u003eLithos\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e284\u0026ndash;285\u003c/b\u003e, 588\u0026ndash;607 (2017).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eZhang, H. R., Chen, J. L., Yang, T. N., Hou, Z. Q., Aghazadeh, M. \u0026amp; Jurassic granitoids in the northwestern Sanandaj\u0026ndash;Sirjan Zone: Evolving magmatism in response to the development of a Neo-Tethyan slab window. \u003cem\u003eGondwana Res.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e62\u003c/b\u003e, 269\u0026ndash;286 (2018).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eShafaii Moghadam, H. et al. Roll-back, extension and mantle upwelling triggered Eocene potassic magmatism in NW Iran. \u003cem\u003eJ. Petrol.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e59\u003c/b\u003e (7), 1417\u0026ndash;1465 (2018).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eZhu, D. C., Wang, Q., Chung, S. L., Cawood, P. A. \u0026amp; Zhao, Z. D. Gangdese magmatism in southern Tibet and India-Asia convergence since 120 Ma. In: Treloar, P.J., Searle, M.P. (Eds.), Himalayan Tectonics: A Modern Synthesis. \u003cem\u003eGeol. Soc. Lond. Spec. Publ.\u003c/em\u003e 483, 583\u0026ndash;604. (2019).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eBerberian, M. \u0026amp; King, G. C. P. Towards a paleogeography and tectonic evolution of Iran. \u003cem\u003eCan. J. Earth Sci.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e18\u003c/b\u003e, 210\u0026ndash;265 (1981).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGhasemi, A. \u0026amp; Talbot, C. J. A new tectonic scenario for the SanandajeSirjan Zone (Iran). \u003cem\u003eJ. Afr. Earth Sci.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e26\u003c/b\u003e, 683\u0026ndash;693 (2006).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAgard, P. et al. Zagros orogeny: a subduction-dominated process. \u003cem\u003eGeol. Mag\u003c/em\u003e. \u003cb\u003e148\u003c/b\u003e, 692\u0026ndash;725 (2011).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eMouthereau, F., Lacombe, O. \u0026amp; Verg\u0026eacute;s, J. Building the Zagros collisional orogen: timing, strain distribution and the dynamics of Arabia/Eurasia plate convergence. \u003cem\u003eTectonophysics\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e532\u003c/b\u003e, 27\u0026ndash;60 (2012).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eOmrani, J. et al. Arc magmatism and subduction history beneath the Zagros Mountains, Iran: A new report of adakites and geodynamic consequences. \u003cem\u003eLithos\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e106\u003c/b\u003e, 380\u0026ndash;398 (2008).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eVerdel, C., Wernicke, B. P., Hassanzadeh, J. \u0026amp; Guest, B. A Paleogene extensional arc flare-up in Iran. \u003cem\u003eTectonics 30\u003c/em\u003e, TC3008. (2011).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eKananian, A., Sarjoughian, F., Nadimi, A., Ahmadian, J. \u0026amp; Ling, W. L. Geochemical characteristics of the Kuh-e Dom intrusion, Urumieh\u0026ndash;Dokhtar Magmatic Arc (Iran): Implications for source regions and magmatic evolution. \u003cem\u003eJ. Asian Earth Sci.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e90\u003c/b\u003e, 137\u0026ndash;148 (2014).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eShahsavari Alavijeh, B., Rashidnejad-Omran, N. \u0026amp; Corfu, F. Zircon U-Pb ages and emplacement history of the Nodoushan plutonic complex in the central Urumieh-Dokhtar magmatic belt, Central Iran: Product of Neotethyan subduction during the Paleogene. \u003cem\u003eJ. Asian Earth Sci.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e143\u003c/b\u003e, 283\u0026ndash;295 (2017).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eNouri, F. et al. Zircon U-Pb dating, geochemistry and evolution of the Late Eocene Saveh magmatic complex, central Iran: Partial melts of sub-continental lithospheric mantle and magmatic differentiation. \u003cem\u003eLithos\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e314\u0026ndash;315\u003c/b\u003e, 274\u0026ndash;292 (2018).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eSepidbar, F. et al. Across-arc geochemical variations in the Paleogene magmatic belt of Iran. \u003cem\u003eLithos\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e344\u0026ndash;345\u003c/b\u003e, 280\u0026ndash;296 (2019).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eChaharlang, R., Ducea, M. N. \u0026amp; Ghalamghash, J. Geochemical evidences for quantifying crustal thickness over time in the Urumieh-Dokhtar magmatic arc (Iran). \u003cem\u003eLithos\u003c/em\u003e 374\u0026ndash;375, 105723. Chappell, B. W. Aluminium saturation in I- and S-type granites and the characterization of fractionated haplogranites. \u003cem\u003eLithos\u003c/em\u003e 46, 535\u0026ndash;551. (1999). (2020).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eMoghadam, H. S. et al. Roll-back, extension and mantle upwelling triggered Eocene potassic magmatism in NW Iran. \u003cem\u003eJ. Petrol.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e59\u003c/b\u003e, 1417\u0026ndash;1465 (2018).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eMoghadam, H. S. et al. Geochronology, geochemistry and petrology of the Oligocene magmatism in SE segment of the UDMB, Iran. \u003cem\u003eLithos\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e416\u0026ndash;417\u003c/b\u003e, 106644 (2022).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eMokhtari, M. A. A. et al. Early Eocene high-Sr/Y magmas from the Urumieh-Dokhtar paleo-arc, Iran: Implications for the origin of high-flux events in magmatic arcs. \u003cem\u003eLithos\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e416\u0026ndash;417\u003c/b\u003e, 106656 (2022).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eBabazadeh, S. et al. Constraints from geochemistry, zircon U-Pb geochronology and Hf-Nd isotopic compositions on the origin of Cenozoic volcanic rocks from central Urumieh-Dokhtar magmatic arc, Iran. \u003cem\u003eGondwana Res.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e90\u003c/b\u003e, 27\u0026ndash;46 (2021).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eBabazadeh, S. et al. Middle to Late Miocene K-rich magmatism in Central Iran: Geochemical characterization of the post-collision mantle beneath the Urumieh\u0026ndash;Dokhtar magmatic arc. \u003cem\u003eChem. Geol.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e665\u003c/b\u003e, 122308 (2024).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAlizadeh Noudeh, S., Rolland, Y., Rossi, M., Bruguier, O. \u0026amp; Rahgoshay, M. Eocene high-K magmatic flare-up in a context of south dipping subduction and strike-slip tectonics: Insights from the Talysh Massif, NW Iran. \u003cem\u003eJ. Afr. Earth Sci.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e264\u003c/b\u003e, 106045 (2024).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eShiva, A. N. et al. Geochronological, isotopic and petrogenetic investigations of Cenozoic Volcanic rocks in the Talysh Massif, NW Iran: Insights for the Eocene magmatic flare-up. \u003cem\u003eLithos\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e496\u0026ndash;497\u003c/b\u003e, 107954 (2025).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eChiu, H. Y. et al. Zircon U\u0026ndash;Pb age constraints from Iran on the magmatic evolution related to Neotethyan subduction and Zagros orogeny. \u003cem\u003eLithos\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e162\u0026ndash;163\u003c/b\u003e, 70\u0026ndash;87 (2013).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eYeganehfar, H., Ghorbani, M. R., Shinjo, R. \u0026amp; Ghaderi, M. Magmatic and geodynamic evolution of Urumieh\u0026ndash;Dokhtar basic volcanism, Central Iran: major, trace element, isotopic, and geochronologic implications. \u003cem\u003eInt. Geol. Rev.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e55\u003c/b\u003e (6), 767\u0026ndash;786 (2013).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGhorbani, M. R., Graham, I. T. \u0026amp; Ghaderi, M. Oligocene\u0026ndash;Miocene geodynamic evolution of the central part of Urumieh-Dokhtar Arc of Iran. \u003cem\u003eInt. Geol. Rev.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e56\u003c/b\u003e (8), 1039\u0026ndash;1050 (2014).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eDokuz, A. A slab detachment and delamination model for the generation of Carboniferous high-potassium I-type magmatism in the Eastern Pontides, NE Turkey: The Kose composite pluton. \u003cem\u003eGondwana Res.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e19\u003c/b\u003e, 926\u0026ndash;944 (2011).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eBabazadeh, S. et al. Late Oligocene\u0026ndash;Miocene mantle upwelling and interaction inferred from mantle signatures in gabbroic to granitic rocks from the Urumieh\u0026ndash; Dokhtar arc, south Ardestan, Iran. \u003cem\u003eInt. Geol. Rev.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e59\u003c/b\u003e (12), 1590\u0026ndash;1608 (2017).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eShafiei, B., Haschke, M. \u0026amp; Shahabpour, J. Recycling of orogenic arc crust triggers porphyry Cu mineralization in Kerman Cenozoic arc rocks, southeastern Iran. \u003cem\u003eMin. Deposita\u003c/em\u003e. \u003cb\u003e44\u003c/b\u003e, 265\u0026ndash;283 (2009).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eDargahi, S., Arvin, M., Pan, Y. M. \u0026amp; Babaei, A. Petrogenesis of post-collisional A-type granitoids from the Urumieh\u0026ndash;Dokhtar magmatic assemblage, Southwestern Kerman, Iran: Constraints on the Arabian\u0026ndash;Eurasian continental collision. \u003cem\u003eLithos\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e115\u003c/b\u003e, 190\u0026ndash;204 (2010).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eRezaeian, M., Carter, A., Hovius, N. \u0026amp; Allen, M. B. Cenozoic exhumation history of the Alborz Mountains, Iran: New constraints from low-temperature chronometry. \u003cem\u003eTectonics\u003c/em\u003e 31. (2012).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003ePirouz, M., Avouac, J. P., Hassanzadeh, J., Kirschvink, J. L. \u0026amp; Bahroudi, A. Early Neogene foreland of the Zagros, implications for the initial closure of the Neo-Tethys and kinematics of crustal shortening. \u003cem\u003eEarth Planet. Sci. Lett.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e477\u003c/b\u003e, 168\u0026ndash;182 (2017).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eHaghighi Bardineh, S. N., Sahamieh, R. Z., Zamanian, H., Khalaji, A. A. \u0026amp; Geochemical Sr-Nd isotopic investigations and U-Pb zircon chronology of the Takht granodiorite, west Iran: Evidence for postcollisional magmatism in the northern part of the Urumieh-Dokhtar magmatic assemblage. \u003cem\u003eJ. Afr. Earth Sci.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e139\u003c/b\u003e, 354\u0026ndash;366 (2018).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eStern, R. J., Moghadam, H. S., Pirouz, M. \u0026amp; Mooney, W. The geodynamic evolution of Iran. \u003cem\u003eAnnu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e49\u003c/b\u003e, 9\u0026ndash;36 (2021).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eFedele, L. et al. Concurrent adakitic and non-adakitic Late Miocene-Quaternary magmatism at the Sahand volcano, Urumieh-Dokhtar Magmatic Arc (NW Iran). \u003cem\u003eLithos\u003c/em\u003e 458\u0026ndash;459, 107344. (2023).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eFedele, L. et al. Showcase of Igneous Processes in the Urumieh-Dokhtar Magmatic Arc: the Miocene-Quaternary Collisional Magmatism of the Bijar-Qorveh Area, Northwest Iran. \u003cem\u003eJ. Petrol.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e63\u003c/b\u003e, 1\u0026ndash;28 (2022).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eMoradi, S., Christiansen, E. H., Jiang, S. Y. \u0026amp; \u0026amp;Ghorbani, M. R. Petrogenesis and tectonic implications of Cenozoic mafic volcanic rocks in the Kahak area of central Urumieh\u0026ndash;Dokhtar magmatic arc, Iran. \u003cem\u003eJ. Asian Earth Sci.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e239\u003c/b\u003e, 105404 (2022).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eMoghaddam, M. J. \u0026amp; Karimpour, M. H. Eocene non-mineralization to Miocene porphyry copper mineralization-related magmatism in the Urumieh\u0026ndash;Dokhtar magmatic arc, Iran. \u003cem\u003eJ. Geochem. Explor.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e255\u003c/b\u003e, 107338 (2023).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eRossetti, F. et al. Adakite differentiation and emplacement in a subduction channel: the late Paleocene Sabzevar magmatism (NE Iran). \u003cem\u003eGeol. Soc. Am. Bull.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e126\u003c/b\u003e, 317\u0026ndash;343 (2014).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eRabiee, A. et al. Long-lived, Eocene-Miocene stationary magmatism in NW Iran along a transform plate boundary. \u003cem\u003eGondwana Res.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e85\u003c/b\u003e, 237\u0026ndash;262 (2020).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eMcInnes, B. I. A., Evans, N. J., Belousova, E. \u0026amp; Griffin, W. L. Porphyry copper deposits of the Kerman belt, Iran: timing of mineralization and exhumation processes. \u003cem\u003eCSIRO Sci. Res. Report\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cb\u003e41\u003c/b\u003e. (2003).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eMcInnes, B. I. A., Evans, N. J., Fu, F. Q. \u0026amp; Garwin, S. Application of thermochronology to hydrothermal ore deposits. \u003cem\u003eRev. Mineral. Geochem.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e58\u003c/b\u003e, 467\u0026ndash;498 (2005).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAghazadeh, M., Castro, A., Badrzadeh, Z. \u0026amp; Vogt, K. Post-collisional polycyclic plutonism from the Zagros hinterland: the Shaivar Dagh plutonic complex, Alborz belt, Iran. \u003cem\u003eGeol. Mag\u003c/em\u003e. \u003cb\u003e148\u003c/b\u003e, 980\u0026ndash;1008 (2011).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAghazadeh, M., Hou, Z. Q., Badrzadeh, Z. \u0026amp; Zhou, L. Temporal\u0026ndash;Spatial distribution and tectonic setting of porphyry copper deposits in Iran: Constraints from zircon U\u0026ndash;Pb and molybdenite Re\u0026ndash;Os geochronology. \u003cem\u003eOre Geol. Rev.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e70\u003c/b\u003e, 385\u0026ndash;406 (2015).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eHonarmand, M. et al. Laser-ICP-MS U\u0026ndash;Pb zircon ages and geochemical and Sr\u0026ndash;Nd\u0026ndash;Pb isotopic compositions of the Niyasar plutonic complex, Iran: constraints on petrogenesis and tectonic evolution. \u003cem\u003eInt. Geol. Rev.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e56\u003c/b\u003e, 104\u0026ndash;132 (2014).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAyati, F., Yavuz, F., Asadi, H. H., Richards, J. P. \u0026amp; Jourdan, F. Petrology and geochemistry of calc-alkaline volcanic and subvolcanic rocks, Dalli porphyry copper\u0026ndash;Gold deposit, Markazi Province, Iran. \u003cem\u003eInt. Geol. Rev.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e55\u003c/b\u003e, 158\u0026ndash;184 (2013).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eRaeisi, D., Mirnejad, H., McFarlane, C., Sheibi, M. \u0026amp; Babazadeh, S. Geochemistry and zircon U-Pb geochronology of Miocene plutons in the Urumieh-Dokhtar magmatic arc, east Tafresh, Central Iran. \u003cem\u003eInt. Geol. Rev.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e62\u003c/b\u003e, 1815\u0026ndash;1827 (2020).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAliyari, F., Afzal, P., Harati, H. \u0026amp; Hou, Z. Q. Geology, mineralogy, ore fluid characteristics, and \u003csup\u003e40\u003c/sup\u003eAr/\u003csup\u003e39\u003c/sup\u003eAr geochronology of the Kahang Cu-(Mo) porphyry deposit, Urumieh-Dokhtar Magmatic Arc, Central Iran. \u003cem\u003eOre Geol. Rev.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e116\u003c/b\u003e, 103238 (2020).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eKhaksar, T., Rashidnejad-Omran, N., Chen, F. K., Song, S. G. \u0026amp; Ghaderi, M. Zircon U-Pb Ages and Magmatic History of the KashanPlutons in the Central Urumieh-Dokhtar Magmatic Arc, Iran:Evidence for Neotethyan Subduction duringPaleogene-Neogene. \u003cem\u003eJ. Earth Sci.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e31\u003c/b\u003e, 53\u0026ndash;68 (2020).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eNeill, I., Meliksetian, K., Allen, M. B., Navasardyan, G. \u0026amp; Kuiper, K. Petrogenesis of mafic collision zone magmatism: the Armenian sector of the Turkish-Iranian Plateau. \u003cem\u003eChem. Geol.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e403\u003c/b\u003e, 24\u0026ndash;41 (2015).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eFazlnia, A. Origin and magmatic evolution of the Quaternary syn-collision alkali basalts and related rocks from Salmas, northwestern Iran. \u003cem\u003eLithos\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e344\u0026ndash;345\u003c/b\u003e, 297\u0026ndash;310 (2019).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAgard, P., Omrani, J., Jolivet, L. \u0026amp; Mouthereau, F. Convergence history across Zagros (Iran): constraints from collisional and earlier deformation. \u003cem\u003eInt. J. Earth Sci.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e94\u003c/b\u003e, 401\u0026ndash;419 (2005).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eYuan, H. L. et al. Simultaneous determinations of U\u0026ndash;Pb age, Hf isotopes and trace element compositions of zircon by excimer laser-ablation quadrupole and multiple-collector ICPMS. \u003cem\u003eChem. Geol.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e247\u003c/b\u003e, 100\u0026ndash;118 (2008).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eLudwig, K. R. User's manual for Isoplot 3.0: a geochronological toolkit for Microsoft Excel. \u003cem\u003eBerkeley Geochronol. Cent. Spec. Publ\u003c/em\u003e. \u003cb\u003e4\u003c/b\u003e, 71 (2003).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eElhlou, S., Belousova, E., Griffin, W. L., Pearson, N. J. \u0026amp; O'Reilly S. Y. Trace element and isotopic composition of GJ-red zircon standard by laser ablation. \u003cem\u003eGeochim. Cosmochim. Acta.\u003c/em\u003e 70 (18), A158. (2006).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eHou, K. J. et al. Laser ablation-MC-ICPMS technique for Hf isotope microanalysis of zircon and its geological applications. \u003cem\u003eActa Petrol. Sin\u003c/em\u003e. \u003cb\u003e23\u003c/b\u003e, 2595\u0026ndash;2604 (2007). (in Chinese with English abstract).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eChen, J. L., Xu, J. F., Wang, B. D., Kang, Z. Q. \u0026amp; Li, J. Origin of Cenozoic alkaline potassic volcanic rocks at KonglongXiang, Lhasa terrane, Tibetan Plateau: products of partial melting of a mafic lower-crustal source? \u003cem\u003eChem. Geol.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e273\u003c/b\u003e, 286\u0026ndash;299 (2010).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eHoskin, P. W. O. \u0026amp; Schaltegger, U. The composition of zircon and igneous and metamorphic petrogenesis. \u003cem\u003eRev. Mineral. Geochem.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e53\u003c/b\u003e, 27\u0026ndash;62 (2003).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eDefant, M. J. \u0026amp; Drummond, M. S. Derivation of some modern arc magmas by melting of young subducted lithosphere. \u003cem\u003eNature\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e347\u003c/b\u003e (6294), 662\u0026ndash;665 (1990).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eHawkesworth, C. J., Turner, S. P., McDermott, F., Peate, D. W. \u0026amp; van Calsteren P. U\u0026ndash;Th isotopes in arc magmas: implications for element transfer from subducted crust. \u003cem\u003eScience\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e276\u003c/b\u003e, 551\u0026ndash;555 (1997).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eKerrich, R., Polat, A., Wyman, D. \u0026amp; Hollings, P. Trace element systematics of Mg-, to Fe-tholeiitic basalt suites of the Superior Province: implications for Archean mantle reservoirs and greenstone belt genesis. \u003cem\u003eLithos\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e46\u003c/b\u003e, 163\u0026ndash;187 (1999).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003ePolat, A. et al. Trace element systematics of the Neoarchean Fisken\u0026aelig;sset anorthosite complex and associated meta-volcanic rocks, SW Greenland: Evidence for a magmatic arc origin. \u003cem\u003ePrecambrian Res.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e175\u003c/b\u003e, 87\u0026ndash;115 (2009).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eZhong, J. et al. Major and trace element migration and metallogenic processes of the Xinshuijing U-Th deposit in the Longshoushan metallogenic belt, Gansu Province. \u003cem\u003eGeol. China\u003c/em\u003e. \u003cb\u003e43\u003c/b\u003e, 1393\u0026ndash;1408 (2016). (in Chinese with English abstract).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eFloyd, P. A. \u0026amp; Winchester, J. A. Identification and discrimination of altered and metamorphosed volcanic rocks using immobile elements. \u003cem\u003eChem. Geol.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e21\u003c/b\u003e, 291\u0026ndash;306 (1978).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eJochum, K. P., Arndt, N. T. \u0026amp; Hofmann, A. W. Nb-Th-La in komatiites and basalts: constraints on komatiite petrogenesis and mantle evolution. \u003cem\u003eEarth Planet. Sci. Lett.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e107\u003c/b\u003e, 272\u0026ndash;289 (1991).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eKiipli, T., Hints, R., Kallaste, T., Verš, E. \u0026amp; Voolma, M. Immobile and mobile elements during the transition of volcanic ash to bentonite\u0026ndash;an example from the early Palaeozoic sedimentary section of the Baltic Basin. \u003cem\u003eSediment. Geology\u003c/em\u003e. \u003cb\u003e347\u003c/b\u003e, 148\u0026ndash;159 (2017).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eWhalen, J. B., Currie, K. L. \u0026amp; Chappell, B. W. A-type granites: geochemical characteristics, discrimination and petrogenesis. \u003cem\u003eContrib. Mineral. Petrol.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e95\u003c/b\u003e, 407\u0026ndash;419 (1987).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eChappell, B. W. \u0026amp; White, A. J. R. Two contrasting granite types. \u003cem\u003ePac. Geo\u003c/em\u003e. \u003cb\u003e7\u003c/b\u003e, 173\u0026ndash;174 (1974).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eSylvester, P. J. Post-Collisional strongly peraluminous granites. \u003cem\u003eLithos\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e45\u003c/b\u003e, 29\u0026ndash;44 (1998).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eWatson, E. B. \u0026amp; Harrison, T. M. Zircon saturation revisited: temperature and composition effects in a variety of crustal magma types. \u003cem\u003eEarth Planet. Sci. Lett.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e64\u003c/b\u003e, 295\u0026ndash;304 (1983).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eChappell, B. W., Bryant, C. J. \u0026amp; Wyborn, D. Peraluminous I-type granites. \u003cem\u003eLithos\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e153\u003c/b\u003e, 142\u0026ndash;153 (2012).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eClemens, J. D. S-type granitic magmas: petrogenetic issues, models and evidence. \u003cem\u003eEarth Sci. Rev.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e61\u003c/b\u003e (1\u0026ndash;2), 1\u0026ndash;18 (2003).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCastillo, P. R., Janney, P. E. \u0026amp; Solidum, R. U. Petrology and geochemistry of Camiguin island, southern Philippines: insights to the source of adakites and other lavas in a complex arc setting. \u003cem\u003eContrib. Mineral. Petrol.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e134\u003c/b\u003e, 33\u0026ndash;51 (1999).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eMacpherson, C. G., Dreher, S. T. \u0026amp; Thirlwall, M. F. Adakites without slab melting: high pressure differentiation of island arc magma, Mindanao, the Philippines. \u003cem\u003eEarth Planet. Sci. Lett.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e243\u003c/b\u003e, 581\u0026ndash;593 (2006).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eSajona, F. G. et al. Initiation of subduction and the generation of slab melts in western and eastern Mindanao, Philippines. \u003cem\u003eGeology\u003c/em\u003e 21, 1007\u0026ndash;1010. (1993).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eWang, Q. et al. Eocene melting of subducting continental crust and early uplifting of central Tibet: evidence from central-western Qiangtang high-K calc-alkaline andesites, dacites and rhyolites. \u003cem\u003eEarth Planet. Sci. Lett.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e272\u003c/b\u003e, 158\u0026ndash;171 (2008).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGutscher, M. A., Maury, R., Eissen, J. P. \u0026amp; Bourdon, E. Can slab melting be caused by flat subduction? \u003cem\u003eGeology\u003c/em\u003e 28, 535\u0026ndash;538. (2000).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eMartin, H., Smithies, R. H., Rapp, R., Moyen, J. F. \u0026amp; Champion, D. An overview of adakite, tonalite\u0026ndash;trondhjemite\u0026ndash;granodiorite (TTG), and sanukitoid: relationships and some implications for crustal evolution. \u003cem\u003eLithos\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e79\u003c/b\u003e, 1\u0026ndash;24 (2005).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eMoyen, J. F. High Sr/Y and La/Yb ratios: the meaning of the adakitic signature. \u003cem\u003eLithos\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e112\u003c/b\u003e, 556\u0026ndash;574 (2009).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eReich, M. et al. Adakite like signature of late Miocen intrusions at the Ls Pelanbres giant porphyry copper deposit in the Andes of central Chile: metallogenic implications. \u003cem\u003eMin. Deposita\u003c/em\u003e. \u003cb\u003e38\u003c/b\u003e, 876\u0026ndash;885 (2003).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGao, S. et al. Recycling lower continental crust in the North China craton. \u003cem\u003eNature\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e432\u003c/b\u003e, 892\u0026ndash;897 (2004).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eKay, R. W. \u0026amp; Kay, S. M. Delamination and delamination magmatism. \u003cem\u003eTectonophysics\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e219\u003c/b\u003e, 177\u0026ndash;189 (1993).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eWang, Q. et al. Petrogenesis of adakitic porphyries in an extensional tectonic setting, Dexing, South China: implications for the genesis of porphyry copper mineralization. \u003cem\u003eJ. Petrol.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e47\u003c/b\u003e, 119\u0026ndash;144 (2006).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eXu, J. F., Shinjio, R., Defant, M. J., Wang, Q. \u0026amp; Rapp, R. P. Origin of Mesozoic adakitic intrusive rocks in the Ningzhen area of east China: partial melting of delaminated lower continental crust? \u003cem\u003eGeology\u003c/em\u003e 30, 1111\u0026ndash;1114. (2002).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAtherton, M. P. \u0026amp; Petford, N. Generation of sodium-rich magmas from newly underplated basaltic crust. \u003cem\u003eNature\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e362\u003c/b\u003e, 144\u0026ndash;146 (1993).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eChung, S. L. et al. Adakites from continental collision zones: melting of thickened lower crust beneath southern Tibet. \u003cem\u003eGeology\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e31\u003c/b\u003e, 1021\u0026ndash;1024 (2003).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCondie, K. C. TTGs and adakites: are they both slab melts? Lithos 80, 33\u0026ndash;44 Petford, N. \u0026amp; Atherton, M. Na-rich partial melts from newly underplated basaltic crust: the Cordillera Blanca Batholith, Peru. \u003cem\u003eJ. Petrol.\u003c/em\u003e 37, 1491\u0026ndash;1521. (1996). (2005).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eStreck, M. J., Leeman, W. P. \u0026amp; Chesley, J. High-Mg andesite from Mount Shasta: a product of magma mixing and contamination, not a primitive mantle melt. \u003cem\u003eGeology\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e35\u003c/b\u003e, 351\u0026ndash;354 (2007).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eWang, Q., McDermott, F., Xu, J. F., Bellon, H. \u0026amp; Zhu, Y. T. Cenozoic K-rich adakitic volcanic rocks in the Hohxil area, northern Tibet: lower-crustal melting in an intracontinental setting. \u003cem\u003eGeology\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e33\u003c/b\u003e, 465\u0026ndash;468 (2005).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eWang, Q. et al. Early Cretaceous adakitic granites in the Northern Dabie Complex, central China: implications for partial melting and delamination of thickened lower crust. \u003cem\u003eGeochim. Cosmochim. Acta\u003c/em\u003e. \u003cb\u003e71\u003c/b\u003e (10), 2609\u0026ndash;2636 (2007).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eXiong, X. L. et al. Extremely high-Na adakite-like magmas derived from alkali-rich basaltic underplate: the Late Cretaceous Zhantang andesites in the Huichang Basin, SE China. \u003cem\u003eGeochem. J.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e37\u003c/b\u003e, 233\u0026ndash;252 (2003).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eBaker, J. A., Menzies, M. A. \u0026amp; Thirlwall, M. F. Petrogenesis of Quaternary intraplate volcanism, Sana\u0026rsquo;a Yenmen: Implication and polybaric melt hybridization. \u003cem\u003eJ. Petrol.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e38\u003c/b\u003e, 1359\u0026ndash;1239 (1997).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eTaylor, S. R. \u0026amp; McLennan, S. M. \u003cem\u003eThe Continental Crust: Its Composition and Evolution\u003c/em\u003e 1\u0026ndash;312 (Oxford Press, Blackwell, 1985).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eLong, X. P. et al. Partial melting of thickened continental crust in central Tibet: Evidence from geochemistry and geochronology of Eocene adakitic rhyolites in the northern Qiangtang Terrane. \u003cem\u003eEarth Planet. Sci. Lett.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e414\u003c/b\u003e, 30\u0026ndash;44 (2015).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eTamura, Y. et al. Mission immiscible: distinct subduction components generate two primary magmas at Pagan Volcano, Mariana Arc. \u003cem\u003eJ. Petrol.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e55\u003c/b\u003e, 63\u0026ndash;101 (2014).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e99 et al. Neoproterozoic slab window in the western Yangtze Block, South China: Evidence from adakitic granodiorites, gabbro-diorites and high-K granites in the Panxi arc belt. \u003cem\u003eJ. Asian Earth Sci.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e259\u003c/b\u003e, 105859 (2024).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eHou, Z. Q., Gao, Y. F., Qu, X. M., Rui, Z. Y. \u0026amp; Mo, X. X. Origin of adakitic intrusives generated during mid-Miocene east-west extension in southern Tibet. \u003cem\u003eEarth Planet. Sci. Lett.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e220\u003c/b\u003e, 139\u0026ndash;155 (2004).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eSun, S. S. \u0026amp; McDonough, W. F. Chemical and isotopic systematics of ocean basalt: implications for mantle composition and processes. \u003cem\u003eGeol. Soc. Lond. Spec. Publ\u003c/em\u003e. \u003cb\u003e42\u003c/b\u003e, 313\u0026ndash;345 (1989).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eMoazzen, M., Ahangari, M., Oberhnsli, R. \u0026amp; Altenberger, U. Mineral chemistry and alteration patterns of Cr-spinel in serpentinized peridotites from NW Iran. \u003cem\u003eJ. Asian Earth Sci.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e11\u003c/b\u003e, 100178 (2024).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCondie, K. C. Incompatible element ratios in oceanic basalts and komatiites: tracking deep mantle sources and continental growth rates with time. \u003cem\u003eGeochem. y Geophys. Geosyst.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e4\u003c/b\u003e, 1005 (2003).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eHofmann, A. W. Mantle geochemistry: the message from oceanic volcanism. \u003cem\u003eNature\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e385\u003c/b\u003e, 219\u0026ndash;229 (1997).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eArmstrong-Altrin, J. S. et al. Geochemistry of the Jurassic and upper Cretaceous shales from the Molango Region, Hidalgo, eastern Mexico: Implications of source area weathering, provenance, and tectonic setting. \u003cem\u003eC R Geosci.\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e345\u003c/b\u003e (4), 185\u0026ndash;202 (2013).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eFurman, T. \u0026amp; Graham, D. Erosion of lithospheric mantle beneath the East African Rift system: geochemical evidence from the Kivu volcanic province. \u003cem\u003eLithos\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e48\u003c/b\u003e, 237\u0026ndash;262 (1999).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003evon Blanckenburg, F. \u0026amp; Davis, J. H. Slab breakoff: a model for syncollisional magmatism and tectonics in the Alps. \u003cem\u003eTectonics\u003c/em\u003e \u003cb\u003e14\u003c/b\u003e, 120\u0026ndash;131 (1995).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/ol\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"scientific-reports","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"scirep","sideBox":"Learn more about [Scientific Reports](http://www.nature.com/srep/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"","title":"Scientific Reports","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Scientific Reports","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Early Miocene granitoids, Geochronology, Petrogenesis, Geodynamic processes, the central UDMA in Iran","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9264441/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9264441/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eThe early Miocene granitoids from the Kashan area, located in the central Urumieh-Dokhtar Magmatic Arc of Iran, were investigated to provide essential insights into the sources of and geodynamic processes responsible for their formation. We present zircon U\u0026ndash;Pb ages, zircon Hf isotopic data, and whole-rock geochemistry of rhyolites, dacites, granodiorites, and diorites. The diorites yielded a zircon U\u0026minus;Pb age of 22 Ma. Geochemically, the diorites are characterized by low Sr (258.0\u0026ndash;289.5 ppm) contents, low Sr/Y (9.04\u0026ndash;9.92) and (La/Yb)\u003csub\u003eN\u003c/sub\u003e (4.42\u0026ndash;6.05) ratios, and high Y (28.21\u0026ndash;29.33 ppm) and Yb (2.94\u0026ndash;3.09 ppm) contents, classifying them as non-adakitic rocks. They exhibit high-K calc-alkaline affinities, enrichment in light rare earth elements (LREEs) (La\u003csub\u003eN\u003c/sub\u003e/Yb\u003csub\u003eN\u003c/sub\u003e = 4.42\u0026ndash;6.05), pronounced negative Nb-Ta anomalies, and negativeεNd(t) and εHf(t) values, ranging from \u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;3.6 to \u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;3.0 and \u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;3.5 to \u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;0.9, respectively. We therefore conclude that the diorites were derived from partial melting of an enriched subcontinental lithospheric mantle within the amphibole-bearing spinel stability field, which had been metasomatized by subduction-related fluids dehydrated from oceanic sediments. In contrast, the rhyolites, dacites, and granodiorites exhibit high Sr (377.2\u0026ndash;595.4 ppm) contents, high Sr/Y (29.93\u0026ndash;94.28) and (La/Yb)\u003csub\u003eN\u003c/sub\u003e (13.48\u0026ndash;51.21) ratios, and low Y (4.36\u0026ndash;13.48 ppm) and Yb (0.35\u0026ndash;1.42 ppm) contents, classifying them as adakitic rocks. They display high SiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e (63.01\u0026ndash;77.33 wt%) contents and low Mg\u003csup\u003e#\u003c/sup\u003e (29\u0026ndash;47) values, along with highly fractionated rare earth element (REE) patterns with depletion in heavy rare earth elements (HREEs), consistent with generation by partial melting of the thickened lower crust. Based on the regional geology, together with the results of this study and previous works, we conclude that the diorites formed in a geodynamic processes associated with the initial collision between the Arabia and Eurasia plates related to the final breakoff of the subducted Neo-Tethys Ocean slab, whereas the adakitic rocks, rhyolites, dacites, and granodiorites, were generated in geodynamic processes related to the main collision between the Arabia and Eurasia plates.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Petrogenesis and geodynamics of the Early Miocene Kashan granitoids in the central Urumieh-Dokhtar Magmatic Arc, Iran","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2026-04-15 10:16:30","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9264441/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2026-04-13T17:39:44+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2026-04-10T13:38:46+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2026-04-10T09:49:23+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"71907258155144264167141249712320838901","date":"2026-04-09T02:14:00+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"128596756066148266718668013421165352435","date":"2026-04-08T07:51:59+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2026-04-08T06:53:47+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2026-04-08T06:37:30+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvited","content":"","date":"2026-04-08T06:19:22+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2026-04-05T11:37:47+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"Scientific Reports","date":"2026-04-05T11:30:48+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"scientific-reports","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"scirep","sideBox":"Learn more about [Scientific Reports](http://www.nature.com/srep/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"","title":"Scientific Reports","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Scientific Reports","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"e556a65f-90cc-42cb-93b5-ccb05dfed305","owner":[],"postedDate":"April 15th, 2026","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"under-review","subjectAreas":[{"id":66243842,"name":"Earth and environmental sciences/Planetary science"},{"id":66243843,"name":"Earth and environmental sciences/Solid earth sciences"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-05-07T08:23:06+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2026-04-15 10:16:30","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-9264441","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-9264441","identity":"rs-9264441","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"XKTyCvWXoU3ODBz1xrDgd","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}