Configurations of Training Transfer Performance in Near and Far Contexts: A Fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis of Values-Driven Leadership Development

Abstract Modern enterprises frequently utilize various training activities to enhance employees’ job-related skills, and the success of training programs largely depends on effective training transfer. High training transfer rates are crucial for business development and achieving a favorable return on investment. Therefore, exploring pathways to achieve high training transfer holds substantial theoretical and practical significance. Through integrative theoretical perspectives, this study constructs a model of influencing factors of training transfer. Taking 216 members of the first and second phases of the State Grid Values-Driven Leadership Development Program as research objects, we employed a combination of NCA and fsQCA methods to identify various configurations that affect both near and far training transfer performance. The findings indicate that: (1) Transfer design is necessary for high training transfer performance in both near and far ends and plays an indispensable role in generating high training transfer performance. (2) Three configurations can generate high training transfer performance: organization leads to compensate for individual characteristics, organizational guidance to individuals, and individual-organization-environment co-driving. The latter configuration covers the largest number of participants, indicating the importance of fostering cooperation and mutual support among these three elements to enhance positive interactions and improve training outcomes. (3) The set composition of near and far ends configurations varies, with project identification and team learning atmosphere having a more substantial impact on the near end. At the same time, execution instrumentality and organizational support play a more critical role in the long term. This study offers valuable theoretical and practical insights for optimizing the Values-Driven Leadership Development Program system and achieving high-quality training transformation.