Species and functional diversity of breeding and migratory birds on islands differ in their temporal trends and in their response to weather and climate change

Species and functional diversity of breeding and migratory birds on islands differ in their temporal trends and in their response to weather and climate change | Authorea try { document.documentElement.classList.add('js'); } catch (e) { } var _gaq = _gaq || []; _gaq.push(['_setAccount', 'G-8VDV14Y67G']); _gaq.push(['_trackPageview']); (function() { var ga = document.createElement('script'); ga.type = 'text/javascript'; ga.async = true; ga.src = ('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://ssl' : 'http://www') + '.google-analytics.com/ga.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(ga, s); })(); Skip to main content Preprints Collections Wiley Open Research IET Open Research Ecological Society of Japan All Collections About About Authorea FAQs Contact Us Quick Search anywhere Search for preprint articles, keywords, etc. Search Search ADVANCED SEARCH SCROLL This is a preprint and has not been peer reviewed. Data may be preliminary. 4 March 2025 V1 Latest version Share on Species and functional diversity of breeding and migratory birds on islands differ in their temporal trends and in their response to weather and climate change Authors : Jan Bernhard Kalusche 0009-0006-5669-4170 [email protected] , Gregor Scheiffarth , Lucie Kuczynski , Katrin Böhning-Gaese , Susanne Fritz 0000-0002-4085-636X , and Christian Hof Authors Info & Affiliations https://doi.org/10.22541/au.174107887.79160820/v1 283 views 69 downloads Contents Abstract Supplementary Material Information & Authors Metrics & Citations View Options References Figures Tables Media Share Abstract Climate change is altering biodiversity, but the relative influence of short-term weather variability and long-term climate trends on species and functional diversity remains unclear. While predictive models suggest functional homogenisation, empirical assessments of functional diversity variation using standardized abundance data over longer temporal horizons and at regional scales remain scarce. In this study, we use a long-term dataset on bird communities in the Wadden Sea to investigate how functional diversity responds to climate and weather changes in island systems. We analysed 25 years of systematically collected abundance monitoring data on breeding and migrating birds on six barrier islands of the German Wadden Sea. While species diversity increased over time, functional diversity showed a decreasing trend across islands, indicating functional homogenisation. Breeding and migrating birds responded differently: breeding birds were mainly influenced by short-term weather fluctuations, while migrating birds responded more to long-term climate trends. Island size was an important predictor of functional diversity, with larger islands serving as refugia for functionally unique species. Our results provide empirical evidence to support and refine theoretical expectations of climate-induced changes in biodiversity. By integrating spatial and temporal perspectives, we show that biodiversity responses depend on species’ ecology and island characteristics. The observed effects highlight that biodiversity changes in response to climate change are more complex than expected from simple predictive models. Understanding these dynamics is important for predicting future biodiversity patterns and ecosystem resilience in a rapidly changing world. Supplementary Material File (manuscript20250303.pdf) Download 295.19 KB Information & Authors Information Version history V1 Version 1 04 March 2025 Copyright This work is licensed under a Non Exclusive No Reuse License. Keywords abundance biodiversity global change ornithology traits wadden sea Authors Affiliations Jan Bernhard Kalusche 0009-0006-5669-4170 [email protected] Universität Würzburg View all articles by this author Gregor Scheiffarth Lower Saxon Wadden Sea National Park Authority View all articles by this author Lucie Kuczynski Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg View all articles by this author Katrin Böhning-Gaese Helmholtz-Zentrum für Umweltforschung GmbH - UFZ View all articles by this author Susanne Fritz 0000-0002-4085-636X German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig View all articles by this author Christian Hof Universität Würzburg View all articles by this author Metrics & Citations Metrics Article Usage 283 views 69 downloads .FvxKWukQNSOunydq8rnd { width: 100px; } Citations Download citation Jan Bernhard Kalusche, Gregor Scheiffarth, Lucie Kuczynski, et al. Species and functional diversity of breeding and migratory birds on islands differ in their temporal trends and in their response to weather and climate change. Authorea . 04 March 2025. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22541/au.174107887.79160820/v1 If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download. For more information or tips please see 'Downloading to a citation manager' in the Help menu . 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