Shared practices among primary health care workers: A time-motion study

Shared practices among primary health care workers: A time-motion study | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Shared practices among primary health care workers: A time-motion study Talita Rewa, Geisa Colebrusco Souza Goncalves, Andrea Liliana Vesga Varela, and 6 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4863744/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 26 Feb, 2025 Read the published version in BMC Health Services Research → Version 1 posted 4 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Background Shared activities by health workers in meeting health needs are crucial to improve the health population, patient experience, quality of life of health teams and the effectiveness of care. Objective to analyze the activities shared by Primary Health Care (PHC) team workers, whether multiprofessional or uniprofessional. Method A descriptive study was, thus, carried out, based on the time-motion technique, in São Paulo-Brazil. Data collection was carried out from 2021 to 2022, through direct observations of workers, family health teams (FHT), oral health teams (OHT) and multidisciplinary teams (MultiT). The frequency rates of both activities and time of shared practices and the distribution of workers involved in information exchanges were considered. Results A total of 93 workers were observed, recording 21,936 activities (157,653 minutes). Of these, 72.90% were individual activities and 27.10%, shared (36.1% uni-professional and 63.9% multiprofessional). Shared activities represented 26.26% of the time. Dental surgeons presented 60.8% of their activities in the shared modality, uni-professionally (99.26%). Concerning FHT, nurses were most dedicated to shared practices (33.09%) and exchanged information the most with others. According to team practices, the greatest amount of time dedicated to shared practices was spent by FHT (80%), followed by MultiT (71%) and OHT (65%). Conclusion multiprofessional work in PHC is evident as a precursor to interprofessional practice. In this sense, studies and reflections on the way in which PHC indicators have been monitored and evaluated, which mainly refer to individual activities, are required. Primary Health Care Health Workforce Interprofessional Relations National Health Strategies´ Unified Health System Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Supplementary Files Suplemento2atualizado5ago.docx praticacolaborativat2.jpg Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 26 Feb, 2025 Read the published version in BMC Health Services Research → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 14 Aug, 2024 Editor assigned by journal 13 Aug, 2024 Submission checks completed at journal 13 Aug, 2024 First submitted to journal 05 Aug, 2024 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4863744","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":340134012,"identity":"d416208e-e38f-47c2-a166-5b2859136de2","order_by":0,"name":"Talita Rewa","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Talita","middleName":"","lastName":"Rewa","suffix":""},{"id":340134014,"identity":"57962a8a-f549-471c-a02d-c4ae5e1e9f35","order_by":1,"name":"Geisa Colebrusco Souza Goncalves","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Federal University of São Paulo","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Geisa","middleName":"Colebrusco Souza","lastName":"Goncalves","suffix":""},{"id":340134015,"identity":"b63fc80e-dfab-4616-bb72-a1f49732cefc","order_by":2,"name":"Andrea Liliana Vesga Varela","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Andrea","middleName":"Liliana Vesga","lastName":"Varela","suffix":""},{"id":340134016,"identity":"a1a57c30-08b6-4e36-beec-b362f8365d3c","order_by":3,"name":"Valéria Marli Leonello","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Universidade de São Paulo","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Valéria","middleName":"Marli","lastName":"Leonello","suffix":""},{"id":340134017,"identity":"f023504c-c9b2-4004-a68d-a359d0a08d6e","order_by":4,"name":"Marina Peduzzi","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Universidade de São Paulo","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Marina","middleName":"","lastName":"Peduzzi","suffix":""},{"id":340134018,"identity":"1393592f-abdc-4f37-ae9c-c30d050258b2","order_by":5,"name":"Leticia Yamawaka Almeida","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Leticia","middleName":"Yamawaka","lastName":"Almeida","suffix":""},{"id":340134019,"identity":"63f015bd-6e92-4fc3-8dee-b0d5dd7d4b05","order_by":6,"name":"Lorrayne Belotti","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Lorrayne","middleName":"","lastName":"Belotti","suffix":""},{"id":340134020,"identity":"40a2b520-d6b7-4d2b-ba0c-e583a27f3453","order_by":7,"name":"Debora Bernardo Silva","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Debora","middleName":"Bernardo","lastName":"Silva","suffix":""},{"id":340134022,"identity":"a0088f53-34ec-409e-a1ee-dcffc3f4a563","order_by":8,"name":"Daiana Bonfim","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAABC0lEQVRIiWNgGAWjYBACAyD+kMDAwNjADOJWMPCAhRPACKcWxhkILWdAWpiJ0MIA0gLiMbaBSGaYRdiBOXvvwYaHOQyy/e3Mzx78nGcjY85//uCDhzsY8swbsGux7DmX2JC4jcF4xmE2c8PebWk8ljOSmQ0SzzAUyxzA4bAbOeYPgFoSGw4zmEnwbjvMY3CDmU0isY0hcQYuv9zIMQTZkjj/MPs3yb9z/vMYnD/M/oMoLRsO85hJ8zYc4DE4kMzGgE+LZc8ZkBYJ442HecqkZY4lAx2WbAx0mESxBM4Q6zFs/LnNRnbe+ePbJN/U2NkbnD/48OPPNps8XFqgAFOagIZRMApGwSgYBXgBAMcVW9lAV4FTAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"","institution":"Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Daiana","middleName":"","lastName":"Bonfim","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-08-05 17:51:11","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4863744/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4863744/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[{"content":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-025-12439-9","type":"published","date":"2025-02-26T15:56:57+00:00"}],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":77622309,"identity":"1d6cbaa5-34ce-42cb-9312-7b14a0f440ed","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-03-03 16:03:42","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":619441,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Manuscript13AGO2024.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4863744/v1_covered_6e8e3f4f-3c47-4053-a461-677b0eaa7aeb.pdf"},{"id":64208297,"identity":"aa4ff177-0e36-4ce9-8655-30d214116d50","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-09-10 06:22:41","extension":"docx","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":63553,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Suplemento2atualizado5ago.docx","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4863744/v1/54b55d127050d5b00b3fa236.docx"},{"id":64207983,"identity":"e3164ba1-78e7-4c86-8e55-a4fb92e47419","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-09-10 06:14:41","extension":"jpg","order_by":2,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":214082,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"praticacolaborativat2.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4863744/v1/5aa0caaf91a2f1b1befae0a3.jpg"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Shared practices among primary health care workers: A time-motion study","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"bmc-health-services-research","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"bhsr","sideBox":"Learn more about [BMC Health Services Research](http://bmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"https://www.editorialmanager.com/BHSR/default.aspx","title":"BMC Health Services Research","twitterHandle":"BMC_series","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"BMC Series","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Primary Health Care, Health Workforce, Interprofessional Relations, National Health Strategies´, Unified Health System","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4863744/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4863744/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eShared activities by health workers in meeting health needs are crucial to improve the health population, patient experience, quality of life of health teams and the effectiveness of care.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eObjective\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eto analyze the activities shared by Primary Health Care (PHC) team workers, whether multiprofessional or uniprofessional.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eMethod\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eA descriptive study was, thus, carried out, based on the time-motion technique, in S\u0026atilde;o Paulo-Brazil. Data collection was carried out from 2021 to 2022, through direct observations of workers, family health teams (FHT), oral health teams (OHT) and multidisciplinary teams (MultiT). The frequency rates of both activities and time of shared practices and the distribution of workers involved in information exchanges were considered.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResults\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eA total of 93 workers were observed, recording 21,936 activities (157,653 minutes). Of these, 72.90% were individual activities and 27.10%, shared (36.1% uni-professional and 63.9% multiprofessional). Shared activities represented 26.26% of the time. Dental surgeons presented 60.8% of their activities in the shared modality, uni-professionally (99.26%). Concerning FHT, nurses were most dedicated to shared practices (33.09%) and exchanged information the most with others. According to team practices, the greatest amount of time dedicated to shared practices was spent by FHT (80%), followed by MultiT (71%) and OHT (65%).\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eConclusion\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003emultiprofessional work in PHC is evident as a precursor to interprofessional practice. In this sense, studies and reflections on the way in which PHC indicators have been monitored and evaluated, which mainly refer to individual activities, are required.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Shared practices among primary health care workers: A time-motion study","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2024-09-10 06:14:36","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4863744/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2024-08-14T09:06:25+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2024-08-13T23:36:30+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2024-08-13T23:35:41+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"BMC Health Services Research","date":"2024-08-05T17:49:08+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"bmc-health-services-research","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"bhsr","sideBox":"Learn more about [BMC Health Services Research](http://bmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"https://www.editorialmanager.com/BHSR/default.aspx","title":"BMC Health Services Research","twitterHandle":"BMC_series","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"BMC Series","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"36a19e69-668d-46a5-b73d-adbde800d013","owner":[],"postedDate":"September 10th, 2024","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"published-in-journal","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-03-03T15:59:02+00:00","versionOfRecord":{"articleIdentity":"rs-4863744","link":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-025-12439-9","journal":{"identity":"bmc-health-services-research","isVorOnly":false,"title":"BMC Health Services Research"},"publishedOn":"2025-02-26 15:56:57","publishedOnDateReadable":"February 26th, 2025"},"versionCreatedAt":"2024-09-10 06:14:36","video":"","vorDoi":"10.1186/s12913-025-12439-9","vorDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-025-12439-9","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-4863744","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-4863744","identity":"rs-4863744","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"qtupq5eGEP_6zYnWcrvyt","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}