Bridging Planck-Scale Phenomenology and Cosmology: Velocity Quantization as a Key to Resolving the 120th-Order Vacuum Energy Puzzle

The vacuum catastrophe and cosmological constant problem—persistent challengesspanning over half a century—share a common origin: unphysical divergences arising fromunrestricted momentum integrals in standard quantum field theory. This study introduces avelocity quantization principle anchored in fundamental constants (ℏ, c, G). We demonstratethat discretizing relativistic momentum space eliminates inherent high-energy divergences ofcontinuous integrals while providing a unified reinterpretation of both static and dynamicCasimir effects. Theoretically predicted vacuum energy density 𝜌𝑣𝑎𝑐 = 1.45 × 10−29𝑔/𝑐𝑚3aligns closely with cosmological observational constraints (∼ 10−29𝑔/𝑐𝑚3), and itsfine-tuning robustness significantly surpasses supersymmetry (reliant on unobserved particles)and string theory (dependent on experimentally inaccessible higher-dimensional structures).Crucially, this framework circumvents empirical regularization schemes and theoreticallyspeculative mechanisms, distinguishing it from prior approaches. By bridging quantumvacuum physics, general relativity, and dark energy cosmology, the model establishesfalsifiable criteria for Planck-scale phenomenology.