Enhancing Healthcare System Performance through Stochastic Petri Net Modelling

Enhancing Healthcare System Performance through Stochastic Petri Net Modelling | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Enhancing Healthcare System Performance through Stochastic Petri Net Modelling Shabnam Shahzadi, Fawaz Khaled Alarfaj This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7467874/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 5 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Hospital Information Systems are increasingly used by hospitals to streamline operations and provide patients with efficient services. However, despite advancements in technology and financial benefits, the adoption of information systems in the healthcare industry still faces obstacles, as it requires effective information management, control, and monitoring. Hospital automation has been extensively studied due to the continuous evolution of technology. The importance of healthcare systems is growing in the era of globalization, and patient satisfaction depends on effective planning. Our study focuses on hospital automation and performance improvement. However, many healthcare procedures, both in the public and private sectors, are still executed manually. Therefore, our primary goal is to reduce patient waiting times and the resources needed in a hospital. We aim to achieve this by modeling and simulating the medical care provided to patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) using stochastic Petri Nets. Additionally, we will explore the potential applications of these nets in various automation processes. In our work, an analysis model is developed to optimize the Intensive Care Unit patient care process and to detect system deadlocks. Since the PIPE tool is ideal for automating process monitoring, it is utilized for both model creation and analysis. The principal benefits of the PIPE tool are its ease of use, its capacity for manual model operation analysis, and its quick stochastic analysis execution. Biological sciences/Computational biology and bioinformatics Physical sciences/Engineering Health sciences/Health care Physical sciences/Mathematics and computing Health sciences/Medical research Information System Automation Process Intensive Care Unit Stochastic Petri Net Performance Analysis Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Reviewers invited by journal 13 Jan, 2026 Editor invited by journal 02 Sep, 2025 Editor assigned by journal 01 Sep, 2025 Submission checks completed at journal 30 Aug, 2025 First submitted to journal 27 Aug, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-7467874","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":575236095,"identity":"ff185ef3-0dfe-4fc9-80c5-c9e6ce02ad32","order_by":0,"name":"Shabnam Shahzadi","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA3klEQVRIiWNgGAWjYBAC+RkMbCBajoEZSCYwMDA2ENJicAOixZgELRIQLYkwlURokW5+9rigZlv6dnb2hx8eMNjIbjjA/HQDPi3yc46ZG884djt3ZzOPsUQCQ5rxhgNsZjfwWnMjwUyah+127obDPGxAvxxO3HCAh42AlvRv0jz/bqcbHGZ/BtTynxgtOWbSvG23EwwOM5gBtRwgrMXgRk65MW/fbUOgw4B+MUg2nnmYgF/kZ6Rve8zz7ba8wfnjDz/+qLCT7Tve/Ay/w9AsBWJmEtSPglEwCkbBKMAOALJCTPSZXKGsAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"","institution":"Ningbo China Institute for Supply Chian Innovation (NISCI), MIT Global SCALE Network","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Shabnam","middleName":"","lastName":"Shahzadi","suffix":""},{"id":575236096,"identity":"9c723342-bea7-4fc4-874c-9eed67d81c8b","order_by":1,"name":"Fawaz Khaled Alarfaj","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"King Faisal University (KFU)","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Fawaz","middleName":"Khaled","lastName":"Alarfaj","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-08-27 05:08:25","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7467874/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7467874/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":100547046,"identity":"26c44ace-bcc9-438e-8e97-0ae362a26748","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-01-19 08:14:12","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":545648,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7467874/v1_covered_d7039b7f-13fd-4c03-9204-8cc0a96a415c.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Enhancing Healthcare System Performance through Stochastic Petri Net Modelling","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"scientific-reports","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"scirep","sideBox":"Learn more about [Scientific Reports](http://www.nature.com/srep/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"","title":"Scientific Reports","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Scientific Reports","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Information System, Automation Process, Intensive Care Unit, Stochastic Petri Net, Performance Analysis","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7467874/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7467874/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"Hospital Information Systems are increasingly used by hospitals to streamline operations and provide patients with efficient services. 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