Metasurface Loaded Multi-Port Tunable Silicon-Graphene built Nano Antenna in THz Regime with Low-RCS and Low-Coupling Features

Metasurface Loaded Multi-Port Tunable Silicon-Graphene built Nano Antenna in THz Regime with Low-RCS and Low-Coupling Features | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Metasurface Loaded Multi-Port Tunable Silicon-Graphene built Nano Antenna in THz Regime with Low-RCS and Low-Coupling Features Dinesh Kumar Prabhakar, Krishna Kanth Varma Penmatsa, Khushboo Pachori, and 3 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-8089681/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract The design of a two-terminal antenna with decreased radar cross section (RCS) characteristics and polarization variety is shown in this work. By using stair-aperture feed to excite a cylindrical silicon rod, circular polarization is accomplished. An aperture arrangement that is mirror-oriented between terminal-1 and 2 improves isolation by 30 dB. A frequency selective surface based on a split-ring resonator (SRR) is positioned between and around the twin ports in order to reduce monostatic RCS (MRCS). The radiator functions between 2.45 and 3.35 THz, with a 3-dB axial ratio between 2.65 and 3.15 THz. In the operational band, the MRCS is lowered by around 30 dBsm. The suggested design is well suited for radar applications in THz regime due to its broadside radiation and advantageous diversity characteristics. Optical Antenna Low RCS Graphene Material MIMO Antenna Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-8089681","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":552491431,"identity":"b4af88e5-0cd6-44a4-99a5-e92221d965c1","order_by":0,"name":"Dinesh Kumar Prabhakar","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"National Institute of Advance Manufacturing Technology Ranchi","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Dinesh","middleName":"Kumar","lastName":"Prabhakar","suffix":""},{"id":552491432,"identity":"c1f7ff8e-b79b-4a38-8267-ebf2d3b00b59","order_by":1,"name":"Krishna Kanth Varma Penmatsa","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Sagi Rama Krishnam Raju Engineering College","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Krishna","middleName":"Kanth Varma","lastName":"Penmatsa","suffix":""},{"id":552491434,"identity":"e8a42ec8-4970-4840-82c9-dc2cd1f6375a","order_by":2,"name":"Khushboo Pachori","email":"data:image/png;base64,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","orcid":"","institution":"Sanjeev Agrawal Global Educational University","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Khushboo","middleName":"","lastName":"Pachori","suffix":""},{"id":552491436,"identity":"a964feb8-b800-43ff-8379-a2599087b28d","order_by":3,"name":"Ravikiran H N","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"BGS Institute of Technology, Adichunchanagiri University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Ravikiran","middleName":"H","lastName":"N","suffix":""},{"id":552491437,"identity":"debf6486-ff0a-4ff7-969c-85e2b98ba043","order_by":4,"name":"Shivesh Tripathi","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"G L Bajaj Institute of Technology and Management","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Shivesh","middleName":"","lastName":"Tripathi","suffix":""},{"id":552491439,"identity":"2334b5b2-4c63-47f8-b31c-fe0c2ebb1cbd","order_by":5,"name":"Kuldip Singh","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Kuldip","middleName":"","lastName":"Singh","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-11-11 18:53:17","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8089681/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8089681/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":97151800,"identity":"1d76bafa-ed6d-4e11-961f-26273c0a5a4f","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-01 10:39:07","extension":"docx","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":2008703,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"PaperTHz.docx","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8089681/v1/9177b549ec8de75dcc102579.docx"},{"id":97151849,"identity":"bd38512f-ca92-423e-951e-c74459e64462","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-01 10:39:10","extension":"json","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":6650,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"caa0619753f34663a72b08fbc1768efe.json","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8089681/v1/7dc7646228641bad74e3e9e3.json"},{"id":97151836,"identity":"4de9727d-d4b0-4572-b6a0-a6ebe0c05ca2","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-01 10:39:09","extension":"xml","order_by":2,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":63033,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"caa0619753f34663a72b08fbc1768efe1enriched.xml","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8089681/v1/2e7052b7e7b8908bd4a9efe5.xml"},{"id":97151815,"identity":"be6f33e1-2228-4ad2-a34d-79377808686c","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-01 10:39:07","extension":"jpeg","order_by":3,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":404219,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"floatimage1.jpeg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8089681/v1/9002404b0036c5dc189d1f20.jpeg"},{"id":97151825,"identity":"d3115555-6077-4abb-a109-a31b51e4552c","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-01 10:39:08","extension":"jpeg","order_by":4,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":98754,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"floatimage10.jpeg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8089681/v1/d1c66227b68ef210fde5375b.jpeg"},{"id":97151843,"identity":"513e8562-8845-4903-970e-d3d93111b387","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-01 10:39:09","extension":"jpeg","order_by":5,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":111905,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"floatimage11.jpeg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8089681/v1/7286d4de61615271e7b2f58e.jpeg"},{"id":97248372,"identity":"5b808e3d-4c50-400f-bc23-05cc3c253d7e","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-02 12:55:41","extension":"jpeg","order_by":6,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":86437,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"floatimage12.jpeg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8089681/v1/dd3d81fd5b685916c34fcf28.jpeg"},{"id":97151751,"identity":"e4126bce-1965-4f68-8093-8da78d3be545","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-01 10:39:04","extension":"jpeg","order_by":7,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":79460,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"floatimage13.jpeg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8089681/v1/33543091febb83fec6ef6b85.jpeg"},{"id":97151829,"identity":"fb886483-5d0b-42ea-90ee-b32dcc266ed4","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-01 10:39:09","extension":"jpeg","order_by":8,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":569478,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"floatimage14.jpeg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8089681/v1/6f737abc399b302a0175cb9b.jpeg"},{"id":97151852,"identity":"24983158-ddc4-4a27-9426-658e59f7fc51","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-01 10:39:10","extension":"jpeg","order_by":9,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":102526,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"floatimage15.jpeg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8089681/v1/2cd7f8e9c041a5a361f0020d.jpeg"},{"id":97249434,"identity":"e0c5f253-05af-4a45-9d8f-0707ecd80053","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-02 13:12:34","extension":"jpeg","order_by":10,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":68720,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"floatimage2.jpeg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8089681/v1/2d136fe8175e7ce61e3eb907.jpeg"},{"id":97151826,"identity":"b7eae8f6-3760-4704-b0a8-60381944d76b","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-01 10:39:08","extension":"jpeg","order_by":11,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":429705,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"floatimage3.jpeg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8089681/v1/0292a19e9b87569428131d73.jpeg"},{"id":97151821,"identity":"623962f4-4acc-4040-9748-08b57cfe4bc1","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-01 10:39:08","extension":"jpeg","order_by":12,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":113073,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"floatimage4.jpeg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8089681/v1/8eab7b9f1867a61c056ad7a4.jpeg"},{"id":97151866,"identity":"22fad489-9ff6-4736-aaf3-22b28272762e","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-01 10:39:10","extension":"jpeg","order_by":13,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":94900,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"floatimage5.jpeg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8089681/v1/f1f6ee0ecb6cd9e46b857367.jpeg"},{"id":97151864,"identity":"e17e83ff-a0a0-441a-a1aa-e585884a5b45","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-01 10:39:10","extension":"jpeg","order_by":14,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":352799,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"floatimage6.jpeg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8089681/v1/f1bb9d7d04d177b784056e9e.jpeg"},{"id":97151756,"identity":"f182809d-94c7-4e45-96dc-101aff09e0d7","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-01 10:39:05","extension":"jpeg","order_by":15,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":119333,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"floatimage7.jpeg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8089681/v1/7e77c46b9d3236135b458339.jpeg"},{"id":97248533,"identity":"acc7945d-6e22-44cf-99dc-6d51b3b5af27","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-02 13:02:46","extension":"jpeg","order_by":16,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":106600,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"floatimage8.jpeg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8089681/v1/a9b14ab407d6526f04b742e9.jpeg"},{"id":97151814,"identity":"80a3ae90-6811-4493-a06d-b0341eeaa236","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-01 10:39:07","extension":"jpeg","order_by":17,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":96553,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"floatimage9.jpeg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8089681/v1/b6c2ae47d36182c728453955.jpeg"},{"id":97151817,"identity":"875488ea-c9d0-4225-bfb9-74852a05b254","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-01 10:39:07","extension":"png","order_by":18,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":89368,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Onlinefloatimage1.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8089681/v1/800a03f0aa399609f81274d1.png"},{"id":97151845,"identity":"5b060029-98cb-4efe-ae85-c4546804cb48","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-01 10:39:09","extension":"png","order_by":19,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":26694,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Onlinefloatimage10.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8089681/v1/280aa7c27ec6309151da794d.png"},{"id":97151764,"identity":"61b730c7-71be-4718-9a6b-2e9946d926db","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-01 10:39:06","extension":"png","order_by":20,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":22997,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Onlinefloatimage11.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8089681/v1/1678b7dfc07ff85bfa0f0c02.png"},{"id":97151832,"identity":"8dc30f73-150d-431d-8539-567159fa1d8b","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-01 10:39:09","extension":"png","order_by":21,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":22537,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Onlinefloatimage12.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8089681/v1/d93877b79285f3e8d0f774b7.png"},{"id":97151757,"identity":"f24456d2-ebe6-4f6e-b371-251a6ab1157d","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-01 10:39:05","extension":"png","order_by":22,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":19728,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Onlinefloatimage13.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8089681/v1/9a7c8dcb6485ad7efd2a5376.png"},{"id":97151837,"identity":"f39d7cd1-08f3-47f2-aa7f-4322e5fa495b","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-01 10:39:09","extension":"png","order_by":23,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":99339,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Onlinefloatimage14.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8089681/v1/54546f6b34e1fc88d5beb2bf.png"},{"id":97248352,"identity":"48076eb6-78f1-4011-b8a7-79bed4e5228b","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-02 12:54:51","extension":"png","order_by":24,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":26006,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Onlinefloatimage15.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8089681/v1/aaed76fbbdda614b9ac31586.png"},{"id":97151854,"identity":"e801fcbd-1704-41b8-bf39-863e8907e1af","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-01 10:39:10","extension":"png","order_by":25,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":21282,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Onlinefloatimage2.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8089681/v1/cda026678317d5930088e568.png"},{"id":97151755,"identity":"8c453600-cf32-4ee8-9ed6-779f54560508","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-01 10:39:05","extension":"png","order_by":26,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":133015,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Onlinefloatimage3.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8089681/v1/510188c17097194fc470d117.png"},{"id":97151752,"identity":"955831c3-71cb-44ca-b17c-98dae396c587","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-01 10:39:04","extension":"png","order_by":27,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":22719,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Onlinefloatimage4.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8089681/v1/435d806487eeed9064de2c73.png"},{"id":97151858,"identity":"44f230fb-18c1-4ca4-aae7-a817d431dba8","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-01 10:39:10","extension":"png","order_by":28,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":23692,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Onlinefloatimage5.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8089681/v1/27585adae3f9fe1a01ab02b3.png"},{"id":97151747,"identity":"c83fbad3-8911-4435-9d29-b11fad09c63e","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-01 10:39:04","extension":"png","order_by":29,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":68344,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Onlinefloatimage6.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8089681/v1/4621e4b0d5cad960455924b6.png"},{"id":97151758,"identity":"99e5617a-2ec1-4887-aa16-dd5630910317","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-01 10:39:05","extension":"png","order_by":30,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":33865,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Onlinefloatimage7.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8089681/v1/9ebc0f2be7a65c6c7fd5cb27.png"},{"id":97151810,"identity":"8deb3186-5d58-4626-ba61-1d2cacf029d8","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-01 10:39:07","extension":"png","order_by":31,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":20320,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Onlinefloatimage8.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8089681/v1/b65673409d8c44c12abd07ad.png"},{"id":97151847,"identity":"76ab2f40-a530-40ec-b2b8-65653d64cd49","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-01 10:39:10","extension":"png","order_by":32,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":28352,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Onlinefloatimage9.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8089681/v1/3bebd1613a6793a2e0314ca7.png"},{"id":97151844,"identity":"9f660e09-c85b-442d-8a04-c1b44a548a0e","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-01 10:39:09","extension":"xml","order_by":33,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":61841,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"caa0619753f34663a72b08fbc1768efe1structuring.xml","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8089681/v1/e5008bcf51b01e69ca121a28.xml"},{"id":97151841,"identity":"9d6fc58c-8e43-467b-b9c8-d96b8b207683","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-01 10:39:09","extension":"html","order_by":34,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":70512,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"earlyproof.html","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8089681/v1/f522bf2b778926d64f0c298d.html"},{"id":99308180,"identity":"47aefa98-ea00-4e60-abf9-91284f95c45d","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-31 16:07:56","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1278864,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"PaperTHz.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8089681/v1_covered_8dc56257-d279-47fc-b95f-e704ee3fd0a9.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Metasurface Loaded Multi-Port Tunable Silicon-Graphene built Nano Antenna in THz Regime with Low-RCS and Low-Coupling Features","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Optical Antenna, Low RCS, Graphene Material, MIMO Antenna","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8089681/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8089681/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eThe design of a two-terminal antenna with decreased radar cross section (RCS) characteristics and polarization variety is shown in this work. By using stair-aperture feed to excite a cylindrical silicon rod, circular polarization is accomplished. An aperture arrangement that is mirror-oriented between terminal-1 and 2 improves isolation by 30 dB. A frequency selective surface based on a split-ring resonator (SRR) is positioned between and around the twin ports in order to reduce monostatic RCS (MRCS). The radiator functions between 2.45 and 3.35 THz, with a 3-dB axial ratio between 2.65 and 3.15 THz. In the operational band, the MRCS is lowered by around 30 dBsm. The suggested design is well suited for radar applications in THz regime due to its broadside radiation and advantageous diversity characteristics.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Metasurface Loaded Multi-Port Tunable Silicon-Graphene built Nano Antenna in THz Regime with Low-RCS and Low-Coupling Features","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-12-01 10:38:38","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8089681/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"f8a5fca7-1239-45bc-9a0f-bc2dbddfb952","owner":[],"postedDate":"December 1st, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-12-22T17:54:06+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-12-01 10:38:38","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-8089681","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-8089681","identity":"rs-8089681","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}