Estimating hydrogen/air flame acceleration induced by 3D flame instabilities from 2D simulations

Estimating hydrogen/air flame acceleration induced by 3D flame instabilities from 2D simulations | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Estimating hydrogen/air flame acceleration induced by 3D flame instabilities from 2D simulations Cédric Claude Mehl This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7990745/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 12 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract The estimation of flame acceleration induced by thermo-diffusive and hydrodynamic instabilities is a key step toward developing accurate models for lean hydrogen combustion. One way to estimate this acceleration is to perform Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS) of laminar unstable flames. However, previous studies have shown that the 3D nature of instabilities significantly enhances the flame propagation speed compared to the 2D predictions. Systematically performing 3D simulations of laminar unstable flames remains out of reach due to prohibitive computational costs. In this work, a series of 2D and 3D DNS under various conditions are performed to establish a link between 2D and 3D flame wrinkling and stretch factors. Linear correlations are proposed that accurately estimate the 3D quantities from their 2D counterparts, leading in particular to an improved prediction of the 3D flame consumption speed. The robustness of these correlations is assessed using simulations performed with another chemical mechanism, and using published data obtained with another CFD solver. The prediction of the wrinkling factor is found to be highly robust, while the stretch factor exhibits slightly larger deviations. Overall, the resulting 3D flame consumption speed predictions are very satisfactory. These findings pave the way for improved subgrid-scale models of flame instabilities in RANS and LES frameworks. Hydrogen DNS Thermo-diffusive instabilities Wrinkling factor Stretch factor Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Supplementary Files supplmaterial.pdf Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 04 Feb, 2026 Reviews received at journal 03 Feb, 2026 Reviews received at journal 29 Jan, 2026 Reviews received at journal 25 Jan, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 11 Jan, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 11 Jan, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 09 Jan, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 09 Jan, 2026 Reviewers invited by journal 09 Jan, 2026 Editor assigned by journal 01 Nov, 2025 Submission checks completed at journal 31 Oct, 2025 First submitted to journal 30 Oct, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-7990745","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":572863815,"identity":"1b4ba1e3-8541-43bf-958a-7bfb0826620c","order_by":0,"name":"Cédric Claude 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