Microbial modulation of Parkinson’s disease: Role of Proteus mirabilis in Neuronal damage and cognitive dysfunction

Microbial modulation of Parkinson’s disease: Role of Proteus mirabilis in Neuronal damage and cognitive dysfunction | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Microbial modulation of Parkinson’s disease: Role of Proteus mirabilis in Neuronal damage and cognitive dysfunction Kumari Nidhi, Gopal Nath, Abhishek Pathak, Vijaya Nath Mishra This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7638970/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most prevalent neurodegenerative diseases. It is characterized by motor dysfunction. Alongside motor symptoms, non-motor symptoms such as cognitive impairment, sleep disturbances, and autonomic dysfunction are also common. Gut microbes are emerging as critical players in the development of Parkinson’s disease. This study aims to investigate the role of gut microbes in the onset and progression of Parkinson’s disease. Proteus mirabilis, a common gut bacterium, has been found to be significantly altered in Parkinson’s patients compared to healthy controls. This study investigates the impact of Proteus mirabilis on the survival of striatal dopaminergic neurons, its effects on dendritic arborization in a rotenone-induced PD model and a bacteria-induced group, using Golgi-stained brain sections and Neurolucida microscopic imaging. Additionally, a cognitive experiment was performed to assess the impact on motor symptoms. The results show a significant correlation between gut microbes and the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons, highlighting the potential of gut microbes in the pathogenesis of disease. The findings from this study elucidate the mechanistic link between gut dysbiosis and PD that could potentially lead to the development of microbiome-based interventions. By elucidating, the research paves the way for innovative microbiome-based therapeutic approaches for Parkinson’s disease. Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-7638970","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":556385553,"identity":"0aa5ca7d-02bd-4961-a827-239bb0e9333b","order_by":0,"name":"Kumari Nidhi","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Banaras Hindu University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Kumari","middleName":"","lastName":"Nidhi","suffix":""},{"id":556385554,"identity":"921fb0e2-501c-416c-8886-5ab5e819b5df","order_by":1,"name":"Gopal Nath","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Banaras Hindu University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Gopal","middleName":"","lastName":"Nath","suffix":""},{"id":556385555,"identity":"38142ad6-73be-488d-9396-5feef5f284a9","order_by":2,"name":"Abhishek Pathak","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Banaras Hindu University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Abhishek","middleName":"","lastName":"Pathak","suffix":""},{"id":556385556,"identity":"43b21b1a-2c6f-467f-92f0-9775cab8756c","order_by":3,"name":"Vijaya Nath Mishra","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA7UlEQVRIiWNgGAWjYJCCA4wNMGbFgQQIw4BoLWeI1MIA18LYBtOCBxjc7k48+HPHPXlz9h6zDx/n3ckzOMD88ANDwR3cWu6c3XCY90yx4c6eM8YzZ257VmxwgM1YgsHgGU4tkjNyNxxmbEtg3HAjx5iZd9vhxA0HGMyARh3Gq+Xgz7YE+w333wC1zAFpYf+GVwu/RO6GA7xtCYkbbvAAtTSAtPDgtwWk5TBQS/KGM2nFjDOOPUuceZinWCIBjxY2idzNH4EOs91w/PBmhg81dxL7jrdv/PDhD24tWAAzECeQomEUjIJRMApGAQYAAFeTX6dVPcKLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"","institution":"Banaras Hindu University","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Vijaya","middleName":"Nath","lastName":"Mishra","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-09-17 10:23:28","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7638970/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7638970/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":97896550,"identity":"95f58d80-1dee-4e53-bd58-56b50fed0448","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-10 15:36:45","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1735770,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7638970/v1_covered_30964056-8f56-4a5c-ac90-1921aece0be2.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Microbial modulation of Parkinson’s disease: Role of Proteus mirabilis in Neuronal damage and cognitive dysfunction","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7638970/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7638970/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most prevalent neurodegenerative diseases. 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