Evaluation of Genetic Variation in Ethiopian Malt Barley Cultivars Using Malt Quality-Linked Markers and Phenotypic Traits

Evaluation of Genetic Variation in Ethiopian Malt Barley Cultivars Using Malt Quality-Linked Markers and Phenotypic Traits | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Evaluation of Genetic Variation in Ethiopian Malt Barley Cultivars Using Malt Quality-Linked Markers and Phenotypic Traits Moges Nigussie Assefa, Gizachew Haile, Sisay Kidane This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7328143/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Germplasm conservation and breeding programs can be enhanced by understanding the genetic diversity at molecular level. In Ethiopian malt barley cultivar, the pattern of genetic diversity at DNA level is poorly characterized. This study is aimed to evaluate the genetic diversity of 22 Ethiopian malt barley cultivars using malt quality linked markers, brewing and agro morphological traits. Twenty one SSR markers were used to analyze all accessions and total of 244 alleles were found with a mean of 8 alleles per locus. The analysis indicated the existence of high polymorphic information content ranging from 0.82 to 0.92 and the mean Shannon diversity index (I) was 1.95, indicating that they are highly informative markers. The result of molecular variance analysis pointed out that the highest variation was found among the cultivars (94%), indicating its importance to develop appropriate conservation strategy and parental selection for new competing barley variety development. The highest β-glucan content was recorded for IBon174/04(706±54), while the lowest β-glucan content was recorded for the cultivar Focus (231±54.5). The value of extract content is the highest for the cultivar Focus (81.8±0.8), while the low extract content was recorded for HB-1533(75.8±0.8). Agromorphological analysis also indicated the existence of phenotypic variation for dwarf plant development in Explorer (0.58±0.09m) and high seeds per spike for yield in Beka (31±1.3), Suba (29.7±1.3), and HB-52(30±1.3). Therefore, Ethiopian malt barley breeding and conservation can be enhanced and speedup by utilizing the information generated from the study. agromorphological traits barley Genetic diversity malt quality traits SSR marker Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Introduction Barley grains are one of the raw materials to produce malt, which in turn processed to produce beer. It is one of the first cereal grains that humans have ever grown and is the fifth largest food source in the world. Barley is the fourth most widely cultivated cereal in the world, after rice, maize, and wheat. Central and Northern Europe and Russia are the main producers of barley. Barley is produced in Ethiopia at altitudes ranging from 1500 to 3500 meters above sea level (a.s.l), but it is primarily planted between 2000 and 3000 meters a.s.l. It ranks sixth in area and production among Ethiopia's grains. Barley is Ethiopia's most significant staple food crop and is grown primarily for human use. In addition, barley straw is an excellent source of animal feed, particularly during the dry season. It's also a good material for thatching roofs and mattresses. Increase in brewery industries that utilize malt barley result an increase in global malt barley demand. Recent economic growth and urbanization in the last two decades resulted in a rise of beer and malt industries in Ethiopia. In addition to industrial demand, malt barley is also used for human food, animal and poultry feed. Locally malt barley is eaten as Kollo, enjera, tella, genfo and besso, which also create extra demand for malt barley. Despite grain production increase, barley malting quality traits are highly desirable to produce premium quality beer.Some of the key paramteres used to determine barley malt quality are Diastatic Power (DP), Viscosity (VIS), β-glucan content (BG), Malt Extract (ME) and Alpha-Amylase (AA)( Cu et al., 2016; Gao et al., 2004) Barley varieties with high malt extract is desirable to brewing industries as it serves as soluble elements of malt such as carbohydrates, proteins, fermentable sugars and enzymes for hydrolysis of starch. Barley varieties withy high betaglucan content is desirable in food industries as it serve as dietary fiber. However, breweries require barley cultivars of lower betaglucan content to reduce haze formation, filtration problems and viscosity during brewing process (McClear et al., 1985). Therefore, enhancing malt barley production and quality is crucial to satisfy malt barley demand and increase farmer’s income. Many of the malt quality traits such as malt extract and beta glucan content are controlled by quantitative trait loci (QTL). The concentration of the loci controlling the traits varies from cultivar to cultivar and localized in all barley chromosomes (Fang et al., 2019). However, Chromosome 2 and 4 are known as the major chromosomes harboring malting quality QTLs. accurate identification of genotypic and phenotypic variations are critical for effective exploitation of genetic resources. Evaluation of genetic diversity is important for effective selection of germplasm for barley malt quality breeding research in Ethiopia. To facilitate effective utilization of genetic resources for better malt quality traits and number of effectors have been made to develop molecular markers and utilize them. For instance, SNPs, Dart , RAPD and other PCR based markers were used to select barley cultivars with better malt quality(Zewodu et al., 2024, Tiegist et al., 2023; Tiegist & Abebe, 2010; Cu et al., 2016, Ovesna et al., 2001; Coventry et al., 2003; Murioz-Amatriain et al., 2010; Emebiri et al., 2009; fechter et al., 2010 ). There have been some studies on barley germplasm at morphological and molecular levels In the present study, we made an effort to characterize Ethiopia malt barley cultivars using malt quality linked markers and phenotypic traits. These genetic data can be used to associate the markers with the malt quality traits. In addition, it offers opportunity to detect diversity in cultivars and genes related with malt quality, and plan breeding and conservation for malt quality traits. Materials and Methods Plant materials and Study area Twenty two malt barley cultivars evaluated in this study were collected from Holeta Agricultural research center. These cultivars includes Holker, Bekoji-I, M-21, EH-1847, Bahati, HB-1963, HB-1964, Sabin, HB-1533, Beka, Grace, Ibon 174/03, HB-120, HB-52, Planet, Suba, Explorer, Proctor, Fatima, Focus, Henerike, and Traveller .The cultivars were planted on the experimental field of Holeta Agricultural research center(HARC). DNA Extraction and PCR Amplification Total genomic DNA was extracted from young barley leaves using the CTAB protocol. , PCR amplification was carried out in a final volume of 10 µL µL containing 10×PCR buffer, MgCl2 (25 mM), dNTP mixture (10 mM), 0.5 µL primer(10 pmole) (Table 1), Taq DNA polymerase (1 U/µL), and template DNA (80 ng/µL). The thermocycler is set up to run one cycle of denaturation at 94 degrees Celsius for 3 minutes, then 35 cycles of 94 degrees Celsius for 1 minute, 55–60 C for 30 sec s, and 72 degrees Celsius for 1 minute, before finishing with a 10-minute extension step at 72 O C. The resulting PCR products were resolved in 3% agarose gel. The SSR marker were scored as codominat markers using PyElph softwares and verified manually. Agronomic trait analysis Each variety was sowed in five 2.5-meter rows and 2.5 meters long, with a spacing of 10 and 20 centimeters between plants and rows, respectively. The experiment was set up using a complete randomized block design (CRBD) with three replications. Every agronomic technique, fertilizer application, weeds control, and so forth have been implemented by the agricultural sector's standard for barley as reported by Zhang and Li, (2010). Only the two middle rows of each plot have been used for data collection and subsequent analyses to prevent boundary effects. For every genotype, the following agronomic characteristics were measured: plant height, panicle length, spike length, number of seeds per spike, number of effective tillers, days to heading, days to flowering, thousand grain weight, days to maturity, and grain yield. Table 1 Malt quality linked SSR marker used for genotypic the cultivars. Malt quality traits analysis. NIRSS Machine was used to evaluate friability, protein content, extract content, and beta-glucan contents using spectral characteristics. The near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRSS machine) then correlates the spectral data obtained from these samples with their corresponding quality parameters as reported by (Zhang and Chen, 2013). This is typically done by shining near-infrared light onto the sample and measuring the reflected light. The machine collects spectral data across a range of wavelengths. The barley grains were scanned for its spectral information by means of FT_NIR spectrometer, using 600ml sample cuvette 32 mount of scans and 16/cm resolution and rotating mode. The spectral data was collected across a range of wave length such as 867 and 2535nm (3944 –11528/cm) as reported by Abeshu (2021). Statistical analysis Different statistical software packages were used to research the genetic diversity and population structure of the malt barley germplasm. Locus-based diversity parameters including number of observed alleles (Na), effective number of alleles (Ne), Shannon's information statistic (I), Nei's genetic diversity (h), total genetic diversity (HT), genetic differentiation (HS), genetic differentiation statistics by locus (Gst), estimate of the number of migrants (gene flow) (Nm) and percent polymorphic loci (PPL) was analyzed using GenAIEx6.51b2. Agromorphological and malt quality traits were analyzed using standard procedures. This was investigated statistically using mean and standard deviations and analysis of variance (ANOVA) using R version 4.3.1. A Tukey test at a significant level of 5% was used to determine significant differences for the tested traits Results Analysis of Molecular Variance Two components contributed to individual cultivars variance, one was due to within individuals and, the other was due to among individuals. An AMOVA analysis showed that 94% of the variance in allele frequencies was among individuals, and 5%of the variance was observed within individuals (Table 2). Only 1% allele frequency variation was observed among Ethiopian and exotic malt barley cultivars. Table 2 Summary AMOVAshowing partitioning of genetic variations within and among individuals and populations. Summary AMOVA Table Source df SS MS Est. Var. %Variation Among Pops 1 20.576 20.576 0.078 1% Among Indiv 20 378.265 18.913 9.218 94% Within Indiv 22 10.500 0.477 0.477 5% Total 43 409.341 39.966 9.773 100% df degree of freedom, SS sum of squares, MS mean square, Est. Var. estimated variation, PV percent of variation Number of amplified alleles and PIC values The number of amplified bands (number of different alleles (Na) varied from 5 to 12 bands (Table 3). Loci gave 6-10 amplified bands that were common. Marker HVALAAT gave the highest amplified bands (about 12 amplified bands), meanwhile, BMAG877 gave the lowest (about 5 amplified bands) (Table 3). High PIC values were observed in the whole cultivar for each marker tested (above 0.8). The level of polymorphism (PIC) for each SSR locus across the 22 barley cultivars ranged from 0.82 to 0.92. The higher number of amplified bands and the higher PIC values demonstrated that observed genotypes were diverse. Malt quality evaluation Six malt quality traits were investigated for the twenty two malt barley cultivars. Significantly high beta-glucan content was observed for cultivar Ibon174/04, while low β-glucan content was observed for cultivar Focus. The extract content of barley cultivar Focus was highest of all. The seed moisture content of the cultivar M-21 is lowest of all (Table 4). However, the mean hectoliters for all of the cultivars were not significantly different except HB-120. Agromorphological trait evaluation Nine agronomic traits, including days to heading, days to maturity, plant height, pedicels length, number of effective tillers, grain width, spike length, number of seeds per spike , thousand grain weight and yield per plot was examined on 22 Ethiopian malt barley cultivars. The result in the Table 5 below shows that the cultivars were not significantly different for panicle length, and grain width. However, highest plant length was observed for cultivar Suba (1.44m), and the lowest for cultivar Explorer (0.58m). Significantly high seeds per spike were observed for cultivar Beka which is also comparable with Suba and HB-52. Table 3 Summary of genetic diversity indices for the 21 malt quality linked marker. S/N o Markers name Chrs Pos Na Ne Ho He uHe I Gst F Fis Fit Fst PIC 1 AWBMS80 1HS 7.0 5.95 0.00 0.81 0.85 1.84 0.012 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.06 0.87 2 BMAC90 1HS 9.0 8.95 0.00 0.89 0.93 2.22 -0.012 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.04 0.92 3 EBMAC501 1HS 6.0 5.84 0.00 0.83 0.87 1.81 0.005 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.05 0.87 4 HVM2 1HS 8.0 7.06 0.00 0.86 0.90 2.02 -0.018 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.03 0.88 5 HVALAAT 1HS 12.0 9.63 0.58 0.88 0.93 2.36 0.001 0.34 0.34 0.36 0.03 0.83 6 HVM20 1HS 9.0 7.68 0.05 0.87 0.91 2.11 -0.003 0.93 0.94 0.94 0.04 0.92 7 BMAG692 2HL 7.0 5.84 0.00 0.83 0.87 1.85 0.000 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.05 0.87 8 HVM36 2HS 10.0 9.07 0.09 0.88 0.92 2.24 0.011 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.06 0.93 9 BMAC134 2HS 8.0 6.72 0.00 0.84 0.88 1.97 -0.005 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.04 0.89 10 HVM54 2HL 10.0 9.61 0.00 0.88 0.92 2.23 0.005 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.05 0.93 11 EBMAC415 2HL 9.0 7.68 0.06 0.87 0.91 2.11 0.009 0.93 0.94 0.94 0.06 0.92 12 EBMAC541 3HL 10.0 7.75 0.19 0.87 0.91 2.19 0.014 0.78 0.78 0.79 0.06 0.91 13 BMAG877 3HL 5.0 4.09 0.00 0.75 0.79 1.54 0.032 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.08 0.82 14 HVM67 4HL 6.0 5.04 0.00 0.79 0.84 1.72 -0.009 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.04 0.83 15 HVM6 5HL 7.0 6.05 0.00 0.83 0.87 1.89 0.006 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.05 0.88 16 GMS1 5HL 6.0 5.11 0.00 0.80 0.84 1.74 -0.013 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.04 0.83 17 HVAMY2 7HS 8.0 7.56 0.00 0.86 0.91 2.07 0.002 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.05 0.91 18 HVBTAI3 4HL 7.0 6.06 0.00 0.83 0.87 1.84 0.006 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.05 0.88 19 HDAMYB 4HL 7.0 6.24 0.00 0.84 0.88 1.89 -0.007 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.04 0.87 20 HVBAMY 4HL 7 6.374 0.000 0.839 0.881 1.917 -0.016 1.000 1.000 1.000 0.033 0.87 21 HVCMA 7HL 5 4.607 0.000 0.722 0.757 1.478 0.073 1.000 1.000 1.000 0.122 0.84 Minimum 5 4.09 0 0.722 0.757 1.48 -0.018 0.34 0.339 0.62 0.032 0.82 Maximum 12 9.634 0.585 0.888 0.932 2.36 0.073 1 1 1 0.122 0.92 Average 8 6.807 0.047 0.837 0.878 1.95 0.004 0.947 0.947 0.949 0.052 0.880 Na = No. of Different Alleles, Ne = No. of Effective Alleles = 1 / (Sum pi^2), I = Shannon's Information Index = -1* Sum (pi * Ln (pi)), Ho = Observed Heterozygosity = No. of Hets / N, He = Expected Heterozygosity = 1 - Sum pi^2 , uHe = Unbiased Expected Heterozygosity = (2N / (2N-1)) * He, F = Fixation Index = (He - Ho) / He = 1 - (Ho / He), Fis = (Mean He - Mean Ho) / Mean He, Fit = (Ht - Mean Ho) / Ht, Fst = (Ht - Mean He) / Ht, Nm = [(1 / Fst) - 1] / 4 Table 4 Malt quality traits performance of Ethiopian malt barley cultivars. Cultivars Β-glucan content (Mean ±SE) Extract content (Mean ±SE) Friability (Mean ±SE) Hectoliter (kg/l). Weight(g) Moisture content (%) Protein content (%) Focus 231 ±54.5 1 81.8± 0.8 4 73.8±6.72 45 68.6±1.66 12 11.7±0.172 234 8.89±0.669 1 Explorer 280 ±54.5 12 81.1± 0.8 34 81.9±6.72 5 65.8±1.66 12 11.7±0.172 234 10.13±0.669 123 Henerike 292 ±54.5 123 78.9± 0.8 1234 57.3±6.72 12345 66.7±1.66 12 10.9±0.172 12 10.94±0.669 1234 Planet 343 ±54.5 1234 80.5± 0.8 234 65.1±6.72 2345 66.7±1.66 12 11.7±0.172 234 9.45±0.669 12 Fatima 378 ±54.5 12345 81.6± 0.8 34 67.5±6.72 2345 66.4±1.66 12 11.8±0.172 234 9.47±0.669 12 Traveller 419 ±54.5 123456 81.6± 0.8 34 71.4±6.72 345 68.1±1.66 12 11.7±0.172 234 10.12±0.669 123 HB-52 441 ±54.5 123456 77.8± 0.8 1234 25.1±6.72 1 71.0±1.66 12 12.1 ±0.172 4 11.96±0.669 234 Proctor 445 ±54.5 123456 78.5± 0.8 1234 49.8±6.72 12345 69.5±1.66 12 11.5±0.172 1234 10.49±0.669 123 Sabin 480 ±54.5 123456 80.6± 0.8 234 71±6.72 345 69.3±1.66 12 11.7±0.172 234 10.15±0.669 123 Grace 488 ±54.5 123456 81± 0.8 34 72.4±6.72 345 66.0±1.66 12 11.9±0.172 234 10.39±0.669 123 EH-1847 547 ±54.5 23456 78.3± 0.8 1234 46.7±6.72 1234 67.9±1.66 12 11.3±0.172 1234 12.77±0.669 34 HB-1963 551 ±54.5 23456 78.5± 0.8 1234 48±6.72 1234 71.9±1.66 2 12.0±0.172 34 10.78±0.669 1234 Beka 559 ±54.5 23456 79.1± 0.8 1234 48.5±6.72 12345 70.5±1.66 12 11.8±0.172 234 12.42±0.669 34 HB-1533 565 ±54.5 23456 75.8± 0.8 1 34.6±6.72 12 66.3±1.66 12 11.1±0.172 123 13.18±0.669 4 Bekoji-I 571 ±54.5 23456 77.8± 0.8 1234 34.7±6.72 12 70.5±1.66 12 11.9±0.172 234 11.54±0.669 1234 HB-120 578 ±54.5 3456 77.4± 0.8 123 44.6±6.72 1234 62.2±1.66 1 11.8±0.172 234 11.85±0.669 234 Bahati 585 ±54.5 3456 78.7± 0.8 1234 47.9±6.72 1234 67.4±1.66 12 11.6±0.172 1234 12.2±0.669 34 Holker 594 ±54.5 456 78.2± 0.8 1234 53±6.72 12345 65.7±1.66 12 11.2±0.172 123 11.57±0.669 234 Suba 597 ±54.5 456 78.8± 0.8 1234 40±6.72 123 69.6±1.66 12 11.6±0.172 234 11.83±0.669 234 HB-1964 669 ±52.6 56 78.8± 0.8 1234 43.5±6.83 1234 62.8±1.72 12 11.0±0.178 12 11.28±0.675 1234 M-21 677 ±54.5 6 76.2± 0.8 12 39.5±6.72 123 64.5±1.66 12 10.7 ±0.172 1 12.01±0.669 234 Ibon 174/03 706 ±54.5 6 77.6± 0.8 1234 39.6±6.72 123 67.7±1.66 12 11.4 ±0.172 1234 11.81±0.669 234 Same numbers (within the column) indicates no significant difference in data expressed as means ±SD at p<0.05 according to Tukey test. Table 5 Agromorphological traits performance of Ethiopian malt barley cultivars Cultivar PH (m) PL(cm) NET MD HD GW (cm) SPS 1000.gw YPP (g) Focus 0.63±0.09 123 0.31±0.13 1 5±0.01 123 173±0 c 101±0 g 2.76 ±0.07 1 23.7±1.3 12 45.7± 3.9 12 489 ±110 12 Explorer 0.58±0.09 1 0.33±0.13 1 8±0.01 234 168±0 b 95±0 c 2.62±0.07 1 25.7±1.3 123 41.6± 3.97 12 276±110 12 Henerike 0.59±0.09 12 0.07±0.13 1 3±0.01 12 183±0 f 97±0 d 2.75±0.07 1 21.0±1.3 1 57.6± 3.97 2 216±110 1 Planet 0.67±0.09 1234 0.07±0.13 1 3±0.01 1 168±0 b 100±0 f 2.69±0.07 1 27.3±1.3 123 46.8± 3.97 12 492±110 12 Fatima 0.59±0.09 12 0.10±0.13 1 2±0.01 1 165±0 a 95±0 c 2.59±0.07 1 26.3±1.3 123 44.7± 3.97 12 317±110 12 Traveller 0.63±0.09 123 0.32±0.13 1 10±0.01 456 168±0 b 92±0 b 2.65±0.07 1 25.0±1.3 123 50.3± 3.97 12 403±110 12 HB-52 1.06±0.09 34567 0.12±0.13 1 15±0.01 789 178±0 d 87±0 0 2.62±0.07 1 30.0±1.3 23 47.7± 3.97 12 714±110 2 Proctor 0.75±0.09 12345 0.36±0.13 1 8±0.01 34 168±0 b 102±0 h 2.68±0.07 1 28.7±1.3 23 34.0± 3.97 1 268±110 12 Sabin 0.8±0.09 123456 0.08 ±0.13 1 5±0.01 123 112±0 2 69±0 2 2.62±0.07 1 25.3±1.3 123 44.7± 3.97 12 272±110 12 Grace 0.73±0.09 12345 0.08 ±0.13 1 10±0.01 456 168±0 b 83±0 8 2.52±0.07 1 28.0±1.3 123 52.3± 3.97 12 587±110 12 EH-1847 1.04±0.09 23456 0.08±0.13 1 9±0.01 345 150±0 7 107±0 i 2.66±0.07 1 24.7±1.3 123 46.9± 3.97 12 490±110 12 HB-1963 1.09±0.09 4567 0.39±0.13 1 16±0.01 890 138±0 6 86±0 9 2.63±0.07 1 27.0±1.3 123 58.3± 3.97 2 719±110 2 Beka 1.21±0.09 67 0.09±0.13 1 35±0.01 a 181±0 e 98±0 e 2.65±0.07 1 31.0±1.3 3 53.7± 3.97 12 676±110 12 HB-1533 1.02±0.09 1234567 0.08 ±0.13 1 10±0.01 456 133±0 5 74±0 4 2.53±0.07 1 24.7±1.3 123 46.8± 3.97 12 486±110 12 Bekoji-I 1.17±0.09 567 0.07±0.13 1 19 ±0.01 90 153±0 9 82±0 7 2.68±0.07 1 25.7±1.3 123 57.3± 3.97 2 532±110 12 HB-120 1.14±0.09 567 0.10±0.13 1 20±0.01 0 163±0 0 90±0 a 2.60±0.07 1 25.7±1.3 123 55.9± 3.97 2 608±110 12 Bahati 1.14±0.09 567 0.07±0.13 1 15±0.01 789 131±0 4 77±0 6 2.53±0.07 1 28.3±1.3 23 57.3± 3.97 2 531±110 12 Holker 1.11±0.09 4567 0.07±0.13 1 8±0.01 34 178±0 d 114±0 j 2.52±0.07 1 27.3±1.3 123 52.7± 3.97 12 352±110 12 Suba 1.44±0.09 7 0.10±0.13 1 31±0.01 a 151±0 8 76±0 5 2.62±0.07 1 29.7±1.3 23 50.7± 3.97 12 661±110 12 HB-1964 0.99±0.09 123456 0.10±0.13 1 13±0.01 5678 122±0 3 72±0 3 2.62±0.07 1 25.7±1.3 123 58.4± 3.97 2 520±110 12 M-21 0.93±0.09 123456 0.08±0.13 1 11±0.01 4567 173±0 c 82±0 7 2.47±0.07 1 23.7±1.3 12 55.7± 3.97 2 447±110 12 Ibon174/03 0.82±0.09 123456 0.33±0.13 1 14±0.01 678 107±0 1 61±0 1 2.51±0.07 1 25.7±1.3 123 54.7± 3.97 12 738±110 2 Same lowercase letters or numbers (within the column) indicates no significant difference in data expressed as means ±SD at p<0.05 according to Tukey test. Principal coordinate analysis The Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) conducted on 22 Ethiopian malt barley cultivars resulted in the population being divided into three main groups (Figure 2). This analysis accounted for 60.9% of the total variation in the data. The first principal coordinate axis accounted for 50.3% of the variation, the second coordinate axis for 10.6%, and the third for 39.1%. The cultivars were organized into three distinct subgroups with notable genetic admixture: First Group: Suba and HB-1963 were clustered together. Second Group: Grace was isolated in this group. Third Group: This group contained nineteen cultivars, which were further subdivided as follows: Bahati ,HB-120 ,Ibon 174/03, Fatima Bekoji-I Traveller, HB-1533 ,EH-1847, Planet, Beka, Henerike, Holker, Proctor, Focus, HB-52, HB-1964, M-21, Sabin, Explore . Hierarchical clustering The cluster was conducted for 22 Ethiopian malt barley cultivars resulted in the population being divided into three main groups (Figure 3). The cultivars were organized into three distinct subgroups (the Clusters C1, C2, and C3) with notable genetic admixture: First Group: Suba and HB-1963 were clustered together .Genotype’s grouped in cluster C1 had medium to the highest thousand grain weight 50.7± 3.97 12 and 58.3± 3.972 and yield per plot area 661±11012 and 719±110 2 while with the optimum range of protein content respectively. Second Group: Grace was isolated in this group. This second cluster (C2) consists of only one. This genotype group in the cluster is characterized by medium β-glucan content. Third Group: This group contained nineteen cultivars, which were further subdivided as follows: These include. Another cluster (C3) had 10 cultivars and was considered as the largest cluster with two subgroups. The cultivars grouped in this cluster include Bahati ,HB-120 ,Ibon 174/03, Fatima Bekoji-I Traveller, HB-1533 ,EH-1847, Planet, Beka, Henerike, Holker, Proctor, Focus, HB-52, HB-1964, M-21, Sabin, Explore (Fig. 3). Cultivars grouped in cluster III had the highest β-glucan content, high thousand grain weight and yield compared with other clusters (Table 4 &5). Discussions Crop successful genetic improvement program depends on the genetic diversity study. Such genetic diversity analysis was essential for plant breeders to perform strategic integration and target selection while preserving important economic traits of individual crops (Yirgu et al., 2023). In present study, we found 21 of the malt quality linked markers studied were polymorphic. Therefore, each of the primers was capable of differentiating the malt barley cultivars, so could be routinely used for assessing diversity, spectrum and malt quality trait introgression in Ethiopian malt barley cultivars. The result of AMOVA indicated that variation among individual cultivars was higher than the variation with in individuals. The low level of variation within individuals indicates that the cultivars possess common alleles. Therefore variation among individuals is more important than with in individuals. Similar result was also reported by other researchers (Dido et al., 2022, Dido et al., 2022). This variance could be also explained by mutation rate and selection effect on the cultivars (Skot et al., 2005). The average polymorphic information content (PIC) in the study is 0.88, with a range from 0.82- 0.94, with an overall mean of 0.88. Higher PIC of 0.78 and 0.73 was reported from ICARDA and Ethiopia, respectively (Dido et al., 2022, Jilal et al., 2008). In general, a PIC value greater than 0.5 is useful in genetic studies since it can distinguish a marker’s polymorphism. Most of the markers in the current study had a score above 0.5, indicating that they were highly informative SSR markers that could be utilized in genetic diversity studies (Botstein et al., 1980) and breeding programs for malt quality trait introgressions. The high PIC observed in all of the SSR primers could be attributed to the diverse nature of the barley cultivars. In addition, high PIC values of the markers also indicate their multi-allelic nature of markers. These markers were highly informative and indicating the diversity of these cultivars and its potential as a source of novel alleles for malt barley breeding. Especially the marker Marker HVALAAT was highly polymorphic and can be used for breeding purpose. Therefore, all of the PCR products derived from these SSR markers are sufficient to monitor malt quality trait introgression in breeding materials. The loci such as HVALAAT showed high observed heterozygosity than expected heterozygosity. This indicated that the presence of inbreeding depression or high mutation associated with the loci. However, high fixation index was recorded for the marker HVCMA, which indicates high level of inbreeding associated with the loci. The ideal moisture content of malt barley cultivars may vary from 10-12% depending on their genetic make-up and local environment (Deme et al., 2020). The tested barley cultivars have moisture content level of 10-12%, which was in agreement with the international standard. The extract content for malt barley is in the range of 80% to 84% on a dry basis. However, low extract content was recorded for HB- 1533 has (75.8± 0.81%). Factors like enzyme starch content in the seed is known to be key players for variation in extract content (Kumar et al., 2013). Friability of 80% and above is preferred for brewing. Very low friability was recorded for the cultivar HB-52 (25.1±6.72 1 %). Similar studies reported friability below 80% for barley genotyoes (Edney and Mather, 2004).The standard protein content for malt barley range from 8-12% on dry basis. Most of the tested cultivars were in 8-12% range, which is in agreement is the standard. However, the protein content of HB -1533 was the highest (13.18±0.669%), indicating its low suitability for brewing. The hectoliter weight is an important measure of malt barley quality, reflecting the density and overall quality of the grain. For malt quality barley, the optimum hectoliter weight is generally considered to be around 63-71 kg/hl (kilograms per hectoliter), which is equivalent to 630-710 grams per liter. Higher hectoliter weights usually indicate plumper, well-filled kernels, which are preferred for malting because they tend to produce higher extract yields and better overall malt quality(Mathre, 1997; Kunze, 2004).All most all of the tested cultivars were in optimum range except HB-120 (62.2±1.66 kg/l). Studies indicated that heavier kernels are typically plumper, which is beneficial for water absorption during steeping. Therefore, higher hectoliter weights correlate with higher starch content, leading to higher extract yields, which is a critical factor for brewing efficiency. The optimal heading and maturity dates for the best malt barley cultivar depend on several factors, including the specific growing region, local climate, and desired phenotypic and malt quality traits (Briggs, 1998; Mathre, 1997; Kunze, 2004). The tested malt barley cultivars were not significantly different for grain width, and spike length. However, highest plant length was observed for cultivar suba (1.44m), and the lowest for cultivar Explorer (0.58m). Significantly high seeds per spike were observed for cultivar Beka which is also comparable with Suba and HB-52. Therefore, the cultivar Beka can be used for developing high yielding malt barley cultivars in future breeding programs. Conclusion In conclusion, understanding the genetic variation of barely cultivars will provide useful information and abundant source genes for malt barley breeding program in Ethiopia to make new cultivars adapting to a wide range of ecological regions. The study of genetic variations among Ethiopian malt barley cultivars has demonstrated significant diversity in malt quality traits, as well as in the genetic markers associated with these traits. Therefore, the SSR marker liked to brewing traits could be used to monitor traits, evaluate genetic diversity and determine the geographic origin of the barley cultivars. Declaration Acknowledgement I would also like to thank Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research Barley Programs for providing barley cultivars and land for field experimentation. I also thank Holeta National Agricultural Biotechnology Research Centre (HNABRC) for supplying reagents for genotyping the cultivars and allowing accessing their laboratories for genotyping the cultivars. Author Contributions: MN performed the experiment and prepared the manuscript. GH conceived the project, analysed data, reviewed the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Funding: Not applicable Data availability: The datasets utilized and analyzed during this investigation are available upon reasonable request from the author Ethical approval: Not applicable Competing interests: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. References Becker J and Heun M (1995) Barley microsatellites: allele variation and mapping Plant Molecular Biology 27:835-845. Botstein D, White RL, Skolnick M, Davis RW. Construction of a genetic linkage map in man using restriction fragment length polymorphisms. Vol. 32, American Journal of Human Genetics. 1980. p. 314–31. 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Available from: https://doi.org/10. 1186/s40066-021-00336-3 Dido AA, Krishna MSR, Assefa E, Degefu DT, Singh BJK, Tesfaye K. Genetic diversity, population structure and relationship of Ethiopian barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) landraces as revealed by SSR markers. Journal of Genetics [Internet].2022; 101(1).Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12041- 021-01346-7 Eagles, H.A., Bedggood, A.G., Panozzo, J.F. and Martin, P.J., 1995. Cultivar and environmental effects on malting quality in barley. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 46(5), pp.831-844. Edney, MJ. And Mather, DE. (2004). Quantitative trait loci affecting germination traits and malt friability in a two-rowed by six-rowed barley cross. Journal of Cereal Science 39:283- 290. Emebiri L, Michael P, Moody D, Ogbonnaya F, Black C. Pyramiding QTLs to improve malting quality in barley: gains in phenotype and genetic diversity. Molecular Breeding. 2009; 23(2):219–28. Fang Y, Zhang X, Xue D. Genetic analysis and molecular breeding applications of malting quality QTLs in Barley. Frontiers in Genetics. 2019; 10:352. Pmid: 31068969 Fechter I, Rath F, Voetz M. A single PCR marker predicting the activity levels of various enzymes responsible for malting quality. Journal of the American Society of Brewing Chemists. 2010; 68(1):41–7. Gao W, Clancy J, Han F, Jones B, Budde A, Wesenberg D, et al. Fine mapping of a malting-quality QTL complex near the chromosome 4H S telomere in barley. Theoretical and applied genetics. 2004; 109(4):750–60. Pmid: 15164174 Glen, P., Kelly, D.P., Inkerman, A. and Henry, R., 2006. Selecting for increased barley grain size. Journal of cereal science, 42(2), pp.198-208. Hearnden PR. (2007) A genetic map of 1,000 SSR and DArT markers in a wide barley cross Theoretical and Applied Genetics 115:383-391. Jilal A, Grando S, Henry RJ, Lee LS, Rice N, Hill H, et al. Genetic diversity of ICARDA’s worldwide barley landrace collection. 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Journal of Cereal Science, 56 (2), 383-391. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcs.2012.06.002 Mideksa, T. and Eshetu, Z., (2020). Evaluation of Different Fungicides Efficacy against Net Blotch (Pyrenophorateres) and Leaf Rust (Pucciniahordei) Diseases of Barley, South-Eastern Ethiopia. European Journal of Biophysics, 8(2), pp.35-42. Muñoz-Amatriaín M, Xiong Y, Schmitt MR, Bilgic H, Budde AD, Chao S, et al. Transcriptome analysis of a barley breeding program examines gene expression diversity and reveals target genes for malting quality improvement. BMC genomics. 2010; 11(1):1–15. pmid: 21092286 Ovesná J, Leisova L, Kucera L, Langer I. Characterisation of barley (Hordeum vulgare) varieties and breeding lines using RAPD and QTL associated PCR markers. Rostlinna Vyroba-UZPI (Czech Republic). 2001. Pillen K. (2000) Mapping new EMBL-derived barley microsatellites and their use in differentiating German barley cultivars Theoretical and Applied Genetics 101:652-660. Ramsay L. (2000) .A simple sequence repeat-based linkage map of barley Genetics 156:1997-2005. Saghai Maroof MA. (1994) extraordinarily polymorphic microsatellite DNA in barley: species diversity, chromosomal locations, and population dynamics. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 91:5466-5470. Skot, L., Humphreys, M. O., Armstead, I., Heywood, S., Skøt, K. P., Sanderson, R., & Thomas, I. D. (2005). An association mapping approach to identify flowering time genes in natural populations of Lolium perenne (L.). Plant Molecular Biology, 57(4), 587-597. Struss D and Plieske J (1998). The use of microsatellite markers for detection of genetic diversity in barley populations. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 97:308-315. Tehulie, N.S.and Eskezia, H., (2021). Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Rates on Growth, Yield Components and Yield of Food Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.): A Review. J. Plant Sci. Agric. Res, 5, p.46. Tiegist, D., & Abebe. (2010). Genetic Diversity and Population Differentiation Analysis of Ethiopian Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Landraces using Morphological Traits and SSR Markers Tiegist, Dejene, Alemu, A. ·, Leon, A. · J., & Received: (2023). Genetic diversity within landraces of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and its implications on germplasm collection and utilization. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 70 (7), 1985–1998. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-023-01549-0 Varshney RK. (2007) A high density barley microsatellite consensus map with 775 SSR loci. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 114:1091. Wenzl P (2006) A high-density consensus map of barley linking DArT markers to SSR, RFLP and STS loci and agricultural traits BMC Genomics 7:206. Williams, P., & Norris, K. (2001). Near-Infrared Technology in the Agricultural and Food Industries. American Association of Cereal Chemists. Yadesa Abeshu (2021). Development of NIRS re-calibration model for Ethiopian barley ( Hordeum vulgare ) lines traits to determine their brewing potential. Journal of Agriculture and Food Research Volume 6, December 2021, 100238. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jafr.2021.100238 Yirgu, M., Kebede, M., Feyissa, T., Lakew, B., & Woldeyohannes, A. B. (2023). Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers for genetic diversity and population structure study in Ethiopian barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) germplasm. 1–13 Zewodu A, Mohammed W, Shiferaw E(2024) . 1Analysis of genetic diversity and population structure of some Ethiopian barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) accessions using SSR markers. . PLoS ONE 19(6): e0305945. https://doi.org/10.1371/ journal.pone.0305945 Zhang, G. and Li, C. eds., 2010. Genetics and improvement of barley malt quality. Springer Science & Business Media. Varshney RK et al. (2007) a high density barley microsatellite consensus map with 775 SSR loci. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 114:1091. Zhang, Q., & Chen, J. (2013). Application of Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (NIRS) in Barley Quality Evaluation. Journal of Cereal Science, 58(2), 127-134. Table Table 1 is available in the supplementary files section Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Supplementary Files MogesArticlesubmissionTable.docx Table1MaltqualitylinkedSSRmarkerusedforgenotypicthecultivars.docx Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-7328143","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":501235446,"identity":"168dd957-3ba9-4cb9-b213-2d421f5a3257","order_by":0,"name":"Moges Nigussie Assefa","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAABC0lEQVRIiWNgGAWjYPACCTB5gMHARg7MeEC8loI0YzAjgXjbPhxObADR+LTotrdffPhzh4XdhvPHHx74YMCcPj/s8EOgLXZyug3YtZidOVNszHtGInnDjRyDgzMM2HI33k4zAGpJNjY7gEPLjZw0acY2iWSDGzwMh3kMeHI3zk4AaTmQuA23lvSfP0Fazh9/cPiPgUS64ez0DwS0pB9j4G2TsAOabHCYwcAgQV46h4AtZ84wSwO1JEiC/NJjkGC4QTqnAKgdj1+Otz/8+LOtzp7v/PHHH378+S8vPzt984cPFXZyuLQwMPAYgEhIdICAAVilAS7lIMD+AETaw/nyDViVjYJRMApGwQgGAFEyazfYN/VyAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"","institution":"Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR)","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Moges","middleName":"Nigussie","lastName":"Assefa","suffix":""},{"id":501235447,"identity":"2b070ffe-a2df-4540-97cd-9816588c5f02","order_by":1,"name":"Gizachew Haile","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Addis Ababa Science and Technology University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Gizachew","middleName":"","lastName":"Haile","suffix":""},{"id":501235448,"identity":"87af548d-605d-4605-bc27-b381c09e18d3","order_by":2,"name":"Sisay Kidane","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Addis Ababa Science and Technology University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Sisay","middleName":"","lastName":"Kidane","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-08-08 14:23:14","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7328143/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7328143/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":105904379,"identity":"540f04cd-bc19-4e3c-829d-59cfc23bebba","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-01 10:07:51","extension":"png","order_by":1,"title":"Figure 1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":235213,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eSSR markers profile of the 22 malt barley cultivars for the malt quality linked markers\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"1.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7328143/v1/4f010b0be341487ac318bed9.png"},{"id":105781002,"identity":"c71be1e0-f11c-426f-99d6-751fa144b3f5","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-03-31 05:01:38","extension":"png","order_by":2,"title":"Figure 2","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":56369,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eThe PCoA plot shows the genetic relationships between the genotypes. Genotypes closer together are more genetically similar. The first two axes explain a large portion of the variance, indicating a good representation of the genetic diversity. Therefore PCoA of 22 malt barley cultivars using malt quality linked SSR marker\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"2.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7328143/v1/228b16e2a18f4f8c2aff140a.png"},{"id":105904227,"identity":"393d35a4-1c78-4e8c-82b8-22556080c6eb","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-01 10:06:29","extension":"png","order_by":3,"title":"Figure 3","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":71111,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003ehierarchical clustering showing genetic relationship among 22 Ethiopian malt barley cultivars using malt quality linked SSR markers by using the genetic distance matrix and the dendrogram was generated using R4.3.1 software\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"3.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7328143/v1/e223d732cf2869208ac8aa60.png"},{"id":108005903,"identity":"24add1cd-05f1-4ba9-ab18-d698024bb7ab","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-28 12:50:33","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1158529,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7328143/v1/29c64615-9a8b-4ac7-a8f4-8b5173c17d9e.pdf"},{"id":105781000,"identity":"a16cabfd-9d76-48e7-b38e-140ff1a2b4c4","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-03-31 05:01:38","extension":"docx","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":39750,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"MogesArticlesubmissionTable.docx","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7328143/v1/e2ac3e2bec58505a9c05e014.docx"},{"id":106959209,"identity":"d4fbbc32-955b-41bb-b095-41d95d62a407","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-15 08:58:36","extension":"docx","order_by":2,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":20755,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Table1MaltqualitylinkedSSRmarkerusedforgenotypicthecultivars.docx","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7328143/v1/ea6a9f10beac42d5104d24da.docx"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Evaluation of Genetic Variation in Ethiopian Malt Barley Cultivars Using Malt Quality-Linked Markers and Phenotypic Traits","fulltext":[{"header":"Introduction ","content":"\u003cp\u003eBarley grains are one of the raw materials to produce malt, which in turn processed to produce beer.\u0026nbsp;It is one of the first cereal grains that humans have ever grown and is the fifth largest food source in the world. Barley is the fourth most widely cultivated cereal in the world, after rice, maize, and wheat. Central and Northern Europe and Russia are the main producers of barley. \u0026nbsp; Barley is produced in Ethiopia at altitudes ranging from 1500 to 3500 meters above sea level (a.s.l), but it is primarily planted between 2000 and 3000 meters a.s.l. It ranks sixth in area and production among Ethiopia's grains. Barley is Ethiopia's most significant staple food crop and is grown primarily for human use. In addition, barley straw is an excellent source of animal feed, particularly during the dry season. It's also a good material for thatching roofs and mattresses.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIncrease in brewery industries that utilize malt barley result an increase in global malt barley demand. Recent economic growth and urbanization in the last two decades resulted in a rise of beer and malt industries in Ethiopia. In addition to industrial demand, malt barley is also used for human food, animal and poultry feed. Locally malt barley is eaten as Kollo, enjera, tella, genfo and besso, which also create extra demand for malt barley.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDespite grain production increase, barley malting quality traits are highly desirable to produce premium quality beer.Some of the key paramteres used to determine barley malt quality are\u0026nbsp;Diastatic Power (DP), Viscosity (VIS), β-glucan content (BG), Malt Extract (ME) and Alpha-Amylase (AA)( Cu et al., 2016;\u0026nbsp;Gao et al., 2004)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBarley varieties with high malt extract is desirable to brewing industries as it serves as soluble elements of malt such as carbohydrates, proteins, fermentable sugars and enzymes for hydrolysis of starch. Barley varieties withy high betaglucan content is desirable in food industries as it serve as dietary fiber. However, breweries require barley cultivars of lower betaglucan content to reduce haze formation, filtration problems and viscosity during brewing process (McClear et al., 1985). Therefore, enhancing malt barley production and quality is crucial to satisfy malt barley demand and increase farmer’s income.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMany of the malt quality traits such as malt extract and beta glucan content are controlled by quantitative trait loci (QTL). The concentration of the loci controlling the traits varies from cultivar to cultivar and localized in all barley chromosomes\u0026nbsp;(Fang et al., 2019). However, Chromosome 2 and 4 are known as the major chromosomes harboring malting quality QTLs. accurate identification of genotypic and phenotypic variations are critical for effective exploitation of genetic resources. Evaluation of genetic diversity is important for effective selection of germplasm for barley malt quality breeding research in Ethiopia. \u0026nbsp;To facilitate effective utilization of genetic resources for better malt quality traits and number of effectors have been made to develop molecular markers and utilize them. For instance, SNPs, Dart , RAPD and other PCR based markers were used to select barley cultivars with better malt quality(Zewodu et al., 2024, Tiegist et al., 2023; Tiegist \u0026amp; Abebe, 2010; Cu et al., 2016, Ovesna et al., 2001; Coventry et al., 2003; Murioz-Amatriain et al., 2010; Emebiri et al., 2009; fechter et al., 2010 ).\u0026nbsp;There have been some studies on barley germplasm at morphological and molecular levels\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the present study, we made an effort to characterize Ethiopia malt barley cultivars using malt quality linked markers and phenotypic traits. These genetic data can be used to associate the markers with the malt quality traits. In addition, it offers opportunity to detect diversity in cultivars and genes related with malt quality, and plan breeding and conservation for malt quality traits.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Materials and Methods","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePlant materials and Study area\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTwenty two malt barley\u0026nbsp;cultivars evaluated in this study were collected from Holeta Agricultural research center. These cultivars includes \u0026nbsp;Holker, Bekoji-I, M-21, EH-1847, Bahati, HB-1963, HB-1964, Sabin, HB-1533, Beka, Grace, Ibon 174/03, HB-120, HB-52, Planet, Suba, Explorer, Proctor, Fatima, Focus, Henerike, and Traveller .The cultivars were planted on the experimental field of Holeta Agricultural research center(HARC).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDNA Extraction and PCR Amplification\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTotal genomic DNA was extracted from young barley leaves using the CTAB protocol. , PCR amplification was carried out in a final volume of 10\u0026nbsp;\u0026micro;L\u0026nbsp;\u0026micro;L containing 10\u0026times;PCR buffer, MgCl2 (25 \u0026nbsp;mM), dNTP mixture (10 \u0026nbsp;mM), 0.5 \u0026micro;L primer(10 pmole) (Table 1), Taq DNA polymerase (1 U/\u0026micro;L), and template DNA (80 \u0026nbsp;ng/\u0026micro;L).\u0026nbsp;The thermocycler is set up to run one cycle of denaturation at 94 degrees Celsius for 3 minutes, then 35 cycles of 94 degrees Celsius for 1 minute, 55\u0026ndash;60 C for 30 sec s, and 72 degrees Celsius for 1 \u0026nbsp;minute, before finishing with a 10-minute extension step at 72 \u003csup\u003eO\u003c/sup\u003eC. The resulting PCR products were resolved in 3% agarose gel. The SSR marker were scored as codominat markers using PyElph softwares and verified manually.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp id=\"_Toc174363834\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAgronomic trait analysis\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEach variety was sowed in five 2.5-meter rows and 2.5 meters long, with a spacing of 10 and 20 centimeters between plants and rows, respectively. The experiment was set up using a complete randomized block design (CRBD) with three replications. Every agronomic technique, fertilizer application, weeds control, and so forth have been implemented by the agricultural sector\u0026apos;s standard for barley as reported by Zhang and Li, (2010). Only the two middle rows of each plot have been used for data collection and subsequent analyses to prevent boundary effects. For every genotype, the following agronomic characteristics were measured: plant height, panicle length, spike length, number of seeds per spike, number of effective tillers, days to heading, days to flowering, thousand grain weight, days to maturity, and grain yield.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1\u003c/strong\u003e Malt quality linked SSR marker used for genotypic the cultivars.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp id=\"_Toc174363835\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMalt quality traits analysis.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNIRSS Machine was used to evaluate friability, protein content, extract content, and beta-glucan contents using spectral characteristics. The near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRSS machine) then correlates the spectral data obtained from these samples with their corresponding quality parameters as reported by (Zhang and Chen, 2013). This is typically done by shining near-infrared light onto the sample and measuring the reflected light. The machine collects spectral data across a range of wavelengths. The barley grains were scanned for its spectral information by means of FT_NIR spectrometer, using 600ml sample cuvette 32 mount of scans and 16/cm resolution and rotating mode. The spectral data was collected across a range of wave length such as 867 and 2535nm\u0026nbsp;(3944 \u0026ndash;11528/cm) as reported by Abeshu (2021).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp id=\"_Toc174363836\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStatistical analysis\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDifferent statistical software packages were used to research the genetic diversity and population structure of the malt barley germplasm. Locus-based diversity parameters including number of observed alleles (Na), effective number of alleles (Ne), Shannon\u0026apos;s information statistic (I), Nei\u0026apos;s genetic diversity (h), total genetic diversity (HT), genetic differentiation (HS), genetic differentiation statistics by locus (Gst), estimate of the number of migrants (gene flow) (Nm) and percent polymorphic loci (PPL) was analyzed using GenAIEx6.51b2. Agromorphological and malt quality traits were analyzed using standard procedures. This was investigated statistically using mean and standard deviations and analysis of variance (ANOVA) using R version 4.3.1. A Tukey test at a significant level of 5% was used to determine significant differences for the tested traits\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":" Results","content":"\u003ch3\u003eAnalysis of Molecular Variance\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTwo components contributed to individual cultivars variance, one was due to within individuals and, the other was due to among individuals. An AMOVA analysis showed that 94% of the variance in allele frequencies was among individuals, and 5%of the variance was observed within individuals (Table 2). Only 1% allele frequency variation was observed among Ethiopian and exotic malt barley cultivars.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp id=\"_Toc174039137\"\u003eTable\u0026nbsp;2 Summary AMOVAshowing partitioning of genetic variations within and among individuals and populations.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" colspan=\"2\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 29px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSummary AMOVA Table\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 9px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 16px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 20px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSource\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003edf\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSS\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 9px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMS\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 16px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEst. Var.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e%Variation\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 20px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAmong Pops\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20.576\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 9px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20.576\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 16px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.078\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 20px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAmong Indiv\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e378.265\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 9px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18.913\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 16px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.218\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e94%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 20px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eWithin Indiv\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.500\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 9px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.477\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 16px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.477\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 20px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e43\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e409.341\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 9px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e39.966\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 16px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.773\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd nowrap=\"\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 34px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e100%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003edf degree of freedom, SS sum of squares, MS mean square, Est. Var. estimated variation, PV percent of variation\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp id=\"_Toc174363840\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNumber of amplified alleles and PIC values\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe number of amplified bands (number of different alleles (Na) varied from 5 to 12 bands (Table 3). Loci gave 6-10 amplified bands that were common. Marker HVALAAT gave the highest amplified bands (about 12 amplified bands), meanwhile, BMAG877 gave the lowest (about 5 amplified bands) (Table 3). High PIC values were observed in the whole cultivar for each marker tested (above 0.8). \u0026nbsp;The level of polymorphism (PIC) for each SSR locus across the 22 barley cultivars ranged from 0.82 to 0.92. The higher number of amplified bands and the higher PIC values demonstrated that observed genotypes were diverse.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMalt quality evaluation\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSix malt quality traits were investigated for the twenty two malt barley cultivars. Significantly high beta-glucan content was observed for cultivar Ibon174/04, while low \u0026beta;-glucan content was observed for cultivar Focus. The extract content of barley cultivar Focus was highest of all. The seed moisture content of the cultivar M-21 is lowest of all (Table 4). However, the mean hectoliters for all of the cultivars were not significantly different except HB-120.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAgromorphological trait evaluation\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNine agronomic traits, including days to heading, days to maturity, plant height, pedicels length, number of effective tillers, grain width, spike length, number of seeds per spike , thousand grain weight and yield per plot was examined on 22 Ethiopian malt barley cultivars. The result in the \u003cstrong\u003eTable 5\u003c/strong\u003e below shows that the cultivars were not significantly different for panicle length, and grain width. However, highest plant length was observed for cultivar Suba (1.44m), and the lowest for cultivar Explorer (0.58m). Significantly high seeds per spike were observed for cultivar Beka which is also comparable with Suba and HB-52.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTable 3 Summary of genetic diversity indices for the 21 malt quality linked marker.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"847\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 49px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eS/N\u003cu\u003eo\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMarkers name\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eChrs Pos\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNa\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNe\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHo\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHe\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003euHe\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eI\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGst\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eF\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFis\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFit\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFst\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePIC\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 31px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;AWBMS80\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1HS\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.95\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.81\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.84\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.012\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.06\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.87\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 31px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBMAC90\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1HS\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.95\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.89\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.93\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.012\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.04\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.92\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 31px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEBMAC501\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1HS\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.84\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.83\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.87\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.81\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.005\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.05\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.87\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 31px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHVM2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1HS\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.06\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.86\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.90\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.02\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.03\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.88\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 31px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHVALAAT\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1HS\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.63\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.58\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.88\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.93\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.36\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.34\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.34\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.36\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.03\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.83\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 31px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHVM20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1HS\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.68\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.05\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.87\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.91\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.003\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.93\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.94\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.94\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.04\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.92\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 31px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBMAG692\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2HL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.84\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.83\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.87\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.05\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.87\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 31px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHVM36\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2HS\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.07\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.09\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.88\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.92\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.011\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.89\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.89\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.89\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.06\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.93\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 31px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBMAC134\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2HS\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.72\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.84\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.88\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.97\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.005\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.04\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.89\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 31px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHVM54\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2HL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.61\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.88\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.92\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.23\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.005\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.05\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.93\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 31px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEBMAC415\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2HL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.68\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.06\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.87\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.91\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.009\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.93\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.94\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.94\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.06\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.92\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 31px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEBMAC541\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3HL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.75\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.19\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.87\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.91\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.19\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.014\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.78\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.78\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.79\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.06\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.91\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 31px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBMAG877\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3HL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.09\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.75\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.79\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.54\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.032\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.08\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.82\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 31px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHVM67\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4HL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.04\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.79\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.84\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.72\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.009\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.04\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.83\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 31px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHVM6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5HL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.05\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.83\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.87\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.89\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.006\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.05\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.88\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 31px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGMS1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5HL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.80\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.84\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.74\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.013\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.04\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.83\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 31px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHVAMY2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7HS\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.56\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.86\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.91\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.07\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.002\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.05\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.91\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 31px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHVBTAI3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4HL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.06\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.83\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.87\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.84\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.006\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.05\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.88\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 31px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHDAMYB\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4HL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.84\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.88\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.89\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.007\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.04\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.87\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 31px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHVBAMY\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4HL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.374\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.839\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.881\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.917\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.016\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.033\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.87\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 31px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e21\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHVCMA\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7HL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.607\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.722\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.757\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.478\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.073\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.122\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.84\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"4\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 187px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMinimum\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.09\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.722\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.757\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.48\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.34\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.339\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.62\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.032\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.82\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"4\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 187px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMaximum\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.634\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.585\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.888\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.932\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.36\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.073\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.122\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.92\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"4\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 187px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAverage\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.807\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.047\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.837\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.878\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.95\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.004\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.947\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.947\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.949\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.052\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.880\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNa = No. of Different Alleles, Ne = No. of Effective Alleles = 1 / (Sum pi^2), I = Shannon\u0026apos;s Information Index = -1* Sum (pi * Ln (pi)), Ho = Observed Heterozygosity = No. of Hets / N, He = Expected Heterozygosity = 1 - Sum pi^2 , uHe = Unbiased Expected Heterozygosity = (2N / (2N-1)) * He, F = Fixation Index = (He - Ho) / He = 1 - (Ho / He), Fis = (Mean He - Mean Ho) / Mean He, Fit = (Ht - Mean Ho) / Ht, Fst = (Ht - Mean He) / Ht, Nm = [(1 / Fst) - 1] / 4\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable 4\u003c/strong\u003e Malt quality traits performance of Ethiopian malt barley cultivars.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"829\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 109px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCultivars\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 120px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026Beta;-glucan content (Mean \u0026plusmn;SE)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 114px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eExtract content (Mean \u0026plusmn;SE)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 120px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFriability\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(Mean \u0026plusmn;SE)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 114px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHectoliter (kg/l). Weight(g)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 126px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMoisture content (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 126px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eProtein content (%)\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 109px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFocus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 115px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e231 \u0026plusmn;54.5\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 119px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e81.8\u0026plusmn; 0.8\u003csup\u003e4\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 120px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e73.8\u0026plusmn;6.72\u003csup\u003e45\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 114px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e68.6\u0026plusmn;1.66\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 126px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.7\u0026plusmn;0.172\u003csup\u003e234\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 126px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.89\u0026plusmn;0.669\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 109px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eExplorer\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 115px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e280 \u0026plusmn;54.5\u003csup\u003e12\u0026nbsp;\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 119px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e81.1\u0026plusmn; 0.8\u003csup\u003e34\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 120px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e81.9\u0026plusmn;6.72\u003csup\u003e5\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 114px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e65.8\u0026plusmn;1.66\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 126px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.7\u0026plusmn;0.172\u003csup\u003e234\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 126px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.13\u0026plusmn;0.669\u003csup\u003e123\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 109px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHenerike\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 115px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e292 \u0026plusmn;54.5\u003csup\u003e123\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 119px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e78.9\u0026plusmn; 0.8\u003csup\u003e1234\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 120px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e57.3\u0026plusmn;6.72\u003csup\u003e12345\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 114px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e66.7\u0026plusmn;1.66\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 126px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.9\u0026plusmn;0.172\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 126px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.94\u0026plusmn;0.669\u003csup\u003e1234\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 109px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePlanet\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 115px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e343 \u0026plusmn;54.5\u003csup\u003e1234\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 119px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e80.5\u0026plusmn; 0.8\u003csup\u003e234\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 120px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e65.1\u0026plusmn;6.72\u003csup\u003e2345\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 114px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e66.7\u0026plusmn;1.66\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 126px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.7\u0026plusmn;0.172\u003csup\u003e234\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 126px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.45\u0026plusmn;0.669\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 109px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFatima\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 115px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e378 \u0026plusmn;54.5\u003csup\u003e12345\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 119px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e81.6\u0026plusmn; 0.8\u003csup\u003e34\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 120px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e67.5\u0026plusmn;6.72\u003csup\u003e2345\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 114px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e66.4\u0026plusmn;1.66\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 126px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.8\u0026plusmn;0.172\u003csup\u003e234\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 126px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.47\u0026plusmn;0.669\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 109px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTraveller\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 115px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e419 \u0026plusmn;54.5\u003csup\u003e123456\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 119px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e81.6\u0026plusmn; 0.8\u003csup\u003e34\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 120px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e71.4\u0026plusmn;6.72\u003csup\u003e345\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 114px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e68.1\u0026plusmn;1.66\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 126px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.7\u0026plusmn;0.172\u003csup\u003e234\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 126px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.12\u0026plusmn;0.669\u003csup\u003e123\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 109px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHB-52\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 115px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e441 \u0026plusmn;54.5\u003csup\u003e123456\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 119px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e77.8\u0026plusmn; 0.8\u003csup\u003e1234\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 120px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25.1\u0026plusmn;6.72\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 114px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e71.0\u0026plusmn;1.66\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 126px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.1 \u0026plusmn;0.172\u003csup\u003e4\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 126px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.96\u0026plusmn;0.669\u003csup\u003e234\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 109px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eProctor\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 115px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e445 \u0026plusmn;54.5\u003csup\u003e123456\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 119px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e78.5\u0026plusmn; 0.8\u003csup\u003e1234\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 120px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e49.8\u0026plusmn;6.72\u003csup\u003e12345\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 114px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e69.5\u0026plusmn;1.66\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 126px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.5\u0026plusmn;0.172\u003csup\u003e1234\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 126px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.49\u0026plusmn;0.669\u003csup\u003e123\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 109px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSabin\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 115px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e480 \u0026plusmn;54.5\u003csup\u003e123456\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 119px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e80.6\u0026plusmn; 0.8\u003csup\u003e234\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 120px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e71\u0026plusmn;6.72\u003csup\u003e345\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 114px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e69.3\u0026plusmn;1.66\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 126px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.7\u0026plusmn;0.172\u003csup\u003e234\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 126px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.15\u0026plusmn;0.669\u003csup\u003e123\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 109px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGrace\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 115px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e488 \u0026plusmn;54.5\u003csup\u003e123456\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 119px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e81\u0026plusmn; 0.8\u003csup\u003e34\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 120px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e72.4\u0026plusmn;6.72\u003csup\u003e345\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 114px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e66.0\u0026plusmn;1.66\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 126px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.9\u0026plusmn;0.172\u003csup\u003e234\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 126px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.39\u0026plusmn;0.669\u003csup\u003e123\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 109px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEH-1847\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 115px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e547 \u0026plusmn;54.5\u003csup\u003e23456\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 119px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e78.3\u0026plusmn; 0.8\u003csup\u003e1234\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 120px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e46.7\u0026plusmn;6.72\u003csup\u003e1234\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 114px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e67.9\u0026plusmn;1.66\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 126px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.3\u0026plusmn;0.172\u003csup\u003e1234\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 126px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.77\u0026plusmn;0.669\u003csup\u003e34\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 109px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHB-1963\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 115px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e551 \u0026plusmn;54.5\u003csup\u003e23456\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 119px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e78.5\u0026plusmn; 0.8\u003csup\u003e1234\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 120px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e48\u0026plusmn;6.72\u003csup\u003e1234\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 114px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e71.9\u0026plusmn;1.66\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 126px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.0\u0026plusmn;0.172\u003csup\u003e34\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 126px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.78\u0026plusmn;0.669\u003csup\u003e1234\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 109px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBeka\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 115px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e559 \u0026plusmn;54.5\u003csup\u003e23456\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 119px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e79.1\u0026plusmn; 0.8\u003csup\u003e1234\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 120px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e48.5\u0026plusmn;6.72\u003csup\u003e12345\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 114px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e70.5\u0026plusmn;1.66\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 126px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.8\u0026plusmn;0.172\u003csup\u003e234\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 126px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.42\u0026plusmn;0.669\u003csup\u003e34\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 109px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHB-1533\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 115px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e565 \u0026plusmn;54.5\u003csup\u003e23456\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 119px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e75.8\u0026plusmn; 0.8\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 120px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e34.6\u0026plusmn;6.72\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 114px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e66.3\u0026plusmn;1.66\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 126px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.1\u0026plusmn;0.172\u003csup\u003e123\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 126px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13.18\u0026plusmn;0.669\u003csup\u003e4\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 109px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBekoji-I\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 115px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e571 \u0026plusmn;54.5\u003csup\u003e23456\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 119px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e77.8\u0026plusmn; 0.8\u003csup\u003e1234\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 120px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e34.7\u0026plusmn;6.72\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 114px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e70.5\u0026plusmn;1.66\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 126px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.9\u0026plusmn;0.172\u003csup\u003e234\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 126px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.54\u0026plusmn;0.669\u003csup\u003e1234\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 109px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHB-120\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 115px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e578 \u0026plusmn;54.5 \u003csup\u003e3456\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 119px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e77.4\u0026plusmn; 0.8\u003csup\u003e123\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 120px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e44.6\u0026plusmn;6.72\u003csup\u003e1234\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 114px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e62.2\u0026plusmn;1.66\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 126px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.8\u0026plusmn;0.172\u003csup\u003e234\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 126px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.85\u0026plusmn;0.669\u003csup\u003e234\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 109px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBahati\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 115px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e585 \u0026plusmn;54.5\u003csup\u003e3456\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 119px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e78.7\u0026plusmn; 0.8\u003csup\u003e1234\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 120px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e47.9\u0026plusmn;6.72\u003csup\u003e1234\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 114px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e67.4\u0026plusmn;1.66\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 126px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.6\u0026plusmn;0.172\u003csup\u003e1234\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 126px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.2\u0026plusmn;0.669\u003csup\u003e34\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 109px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHolker\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 115px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e594 \u0026plusmn;54.5\u003csup\u003e456\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 119px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e78.2\u0026plusmn; 0.8\u003csup\u003e1234\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 120px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e53\u0026plusmn;6.72\u003csup\u003e12345\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 114px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e65.7\u0026plusmn;1.66\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 126px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.2\u0026plusmn;0.172\u003csup\u003e123\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 126px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.57\u0026plusmn;0.669\u003csup\u003e234\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 109px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSuba\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 115px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e597 \u0026plusmn;54.5\u003csup\u003e456\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 119px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e78.8\u0026plusmn; 0.8\u003csup\u003e1234\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 120px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e40\u0026plusmn;6.72\u003csup\u003e123\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 114px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e69.6\u0026plusmn;1.66\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 126px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.6\u0026plusmn;0.172\u003csup\u003e234\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 126px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.83\u0026plusmn;0.669\u003csup\u003e234\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 109px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHB-1964\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 115px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e669 \u0026plusmn;52.6\u003csup\u003e56\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 119px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e78.8\u0026plusmn; 0.8\u003csup\u003e1234\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 120px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e43.5\u0026plusmn;6.83\u003csup\u003e1234\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 114px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e62.8\u0026plusmn;1.72\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 126px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.0\u0026plusmn;0.178\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 126px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.28\u0026plusmn;0.675\u003csup\u003e1234\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 109px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eM-21\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 115px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e677 \u0026plusmn;54.5\u003csup\u003e6\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 119px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e76.2\u0026plusmn; 0.8\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 120px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e39.5\u0026plusmn;6.72\u003csup\u003e123\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 114px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e64.5\u0026plusmn;1.66\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 126px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.7 \u0026plusmn;0.172\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 126px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.01\u0026plusmn;0.669\u003csup\u003e234\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 109px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIbon 174/03\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 115px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e706 \u0026plusmn;54.5\u003csup\u003e6\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 119px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e77.6\u0026plusmn; 0.8\u003csup\u003e1234\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 120px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e39.6\u0026plusmn;6.72\u003csup\u003e123\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 114px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e67.7\u0026plusmn;1.66\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 126px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.4 \u0026plusmn;0.172\u003csup\u003e1234\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 126px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.81\u0026plusmn;0.669\u003csup\u003e234\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSame numbers (within the column) indicates no significant difference in data expressed as means \u0026plusmn;SD at p\u0026lt;0.05 according to Tukey test.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTable 5 Agromorphological traits performance of Ethiopian malt barley cultivars\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"823\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 91px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCultivar\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePH (m)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 84px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePL(cm)\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNET\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMD\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHD\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 84px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGW (cm)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSPS\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1000.gw\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eYPP (g)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 91px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFocus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.63\u0026plusmn;0.09\u003csup\u003e123\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 84px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.31\u0026plusmn;0.13\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5\u0026plusmn;0.01\u003csup\u003e123\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e173\u0026plusmn;0\u003csup\u003ec\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e101\u0026plusmn;0\u003csup\u003eg\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 84px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.76 \u0026plusmn;0.07\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23.7\u0026plusmn;1.3\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e45.7\u0026plusmn; \u0026nbsp;3.9\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e489 \u0026plusmn;110\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 91px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eExplorer\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.58\u0026plusmn;0.09\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 84px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.33\u0026plusmn;0.13\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8\u0026plusmn;0.01\u003csup\u003e234\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e168\u0026plusmn;0\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e95\u0026plusmn;0\u003csup\u003ec\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 84px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.62\u0026plusmn;0.07\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25.7\u0026plusmn;1.3\u003csup\u003e123\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e41.6\u0026plusmn; 3.97\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e276\u0026plusmn;110\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 91px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHenerike\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.59\u0026plusmn;0.09\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 84px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.07\u0026plusmn;0.13\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u0026plusmn;0.01\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e183\u0026plusmn;0\u003csup\u003ef\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e97\u0026plusmn;0\u003csup\u003ed\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 84px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.75\u0026plusmn;0.07\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e21.0\u0026plusmn;1.3\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e57.6\u0026plusmn; \u0026nbsp;3.97\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e216\u0026plusmn;110\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 91px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePlanet\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.67\u0026plusmn;0.09\u003csup\u003e1234\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 84px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.07\u0026plusmn;0.13\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u0026plusmn;0.01\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e168\u0026plusmn;0\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e100\u0026plusmn;0\u003csup\u003ef\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 84px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.69\u0026plusmn;0.07\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27.3\u0026plusmn;1.3\u003csup\u003e123\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e46.8\u0026plusmn; \u0026nbsp;3.97\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e492\u0026plusmn;110\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 91px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFatima\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.59\u0026plusmn;0.09\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 84px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.10\u0026plusmn;0.13\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u0026plusmn;0.01\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e165\u0026plusmn;0\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e95\u0026plusmn;0\u003csup\u003ec\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 84px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.59\u0026plusmn;0.07\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26.3\u0026plusmn;1.3\u003csup\u003e123\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e44.7\u0026plusmn; \u0026nbsp;3.97\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e317\u0026plusmn;110\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 91px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTraveller\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.63\u0026plusmn;0.09\u003csup\u003e123\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 84px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.32\u0026plusmn;0.13\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10\u0026plusmn;0.01\u003csup\u003e456\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e168\u0026plusmn;0\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e92\u0026plusmn;0\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 84px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.65\u0026plusmn;0.07\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25.0\u0026plusmn;1.3\u003csup\u003e123\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e50.3\u0026plusmn; \u0026nbsp;3.97\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e403\u0026plusmn;110\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 91px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHB-52\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.06\u0026plusmn;0.09\u003csup\u003e34567\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 84px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.12\u0026plusmn;0.13\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15\u0026plusmn;0.01\u003csup\u003e789\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e178\u0026plusmn;0\u003csup\u003ed\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e87\u0026plusmn;0\u003csup\u003e0\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 84px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.62\u0026plusmn;0.07\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30.0\u0026plusmn;1.3\u003csup\u003e23\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e47.7\u0026plusmn; \u0026nbsp;3.97\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e714\u0026plusmn;110\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 91px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eProctor\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.75\u0026plusmn;0.09\u003csup\u003e12345\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 84px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.36\u0026plusmn;0.13\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8\u0026plusmn;0.01\u003csup\u003e34\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e168\u0026plusmn;0\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e102\u0026plusmn;0\u003csup\u003eh\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 84px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.68\u0026plusmn;0.07\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28.7\u0026plusmn;1.3\u003csup\u003e23\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e34.0\u0026plusmn; \u0026nbsp;3.97\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e268\u0026plusmn;110\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 91px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSabin\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.8\u0026plusmn;0.09\u003csup\u003e123456\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 84px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.08 \u0026plusmn;0.13\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5\u0026plusmn;0.01\u003csup\u003e123\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e112\u0026plusmn;0\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e69\u0026plusmn;0\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 84px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.62\u0026plusmn;0.07\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25.3\u0026plusmn;1.3\u003csup\u003e123\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e44.7\u0026plusmn; \u0026nbsp;3.97\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e272\u0026plusmn;110\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 91px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGrace\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.73\u0026plusmn;0.09\u003csup\u003e12345\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 84px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.08 \u0026plusmn;0.13\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10\u0026plusmn;0.01\u003csup\u003e456\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e168\u0026plusmn;0\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e83\u0026plusmn;0\u003csup\u003e8\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 84px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.52\u0026plusmn;0.07\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28.0\u0026plusmn;1.3\u003csup\u003e123\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e52.3\u0026plusmn; \u0026nbsp;3.97\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e587\u0026plusmn;110\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 91px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEH-1847\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.04\u0026plusmn;0.09\u003csup\u003e23456\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 84px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.08\u0026plusmn;0.13\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9\u0026plusmn;0.01\u003csup\u003e345\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e150\u0026plusmn;0\u003csup\u003e7\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e107\u0026plusmn;0\u003csup\u003ei\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 84px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.66\u0026plusmn;0.07\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24.7\u0026plusmn;1.3\u003csup\u003e123\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e46.9\u0026plusmn; \u0026nbsp;3.97\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e490\u0026plusmn;110\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 91px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHB-1963\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.09\u0026plusmn;0.09\u003csup\u003e4567\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 84px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.39\u0026plusmn;0.13\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16\u0026plusmn;0.01\u003csup\u003e890\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e138\u0026plusmn;0\u003csup\u003e6\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e86\u0026plusmn;0\u003csup\u003e9\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 84px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.63\u0026plusmn;0.07\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27.0\u0026plusmn;1.3\u003csup\u003e123\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e58.3\u0026plusmn; \u0026nbsp;3.97\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e719\u0026plusmn;110\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 91px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBeka\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.21\u0026plusmn;0.09\u003csup\u003e67\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 84px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.09\u0026plusmn;0.13\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e35\u0026plusmn;0.01\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e181\u0026plusmn;0\u003csup\u003ee\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e98\u0026plusmn;0\u003csup\u003ee\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 84px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.65\u0026plusmn;0.07\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31.0\u0026plusmn;1.3\u003csup\u003e3\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e53.7\u0026plusmn; \u0026nbsp;3.97\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e676\u0026plusmn;110\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 91px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHB-1533\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.02\u0026plusmn;0.09\u003csup\u003e1234567\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 84px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.08 \u0026plusmn;0.13\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10\u0026plusmn;0.01\u003csup\u003e456\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e133\u0026plusmn;0\u003csup\u003e5\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e74\u0026plusmn;0\u003csup\u003e4\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 84px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.53\u0026plusmn;0.07\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24.7\u0026plusmn;1.3\u003csup\u003e123\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e46.8\u0026plusmn; \u0026nbsp;3.97\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e486\u0026plusmn;110\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 91px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBekoji-I\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.17\u0026plusmn;0.09\u003csup\u003e567\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 84px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.07\u0026plusmn;0.13\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19 \u0026plusmn;0.01\u003csup\u003e90\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e153\u0026plusmn;0\u003csup\u003e9\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e82\u0026plusmn;0\u003csup\u003e7\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 84px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.68\u0026plusmn;0.07\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25.7\u0026plusmn;1.3\u003csup\u003e123\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e57.3\u0026plusmn; \u0026nbsp;3.97\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e532\u0026plusmn;110\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 91px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHB-120\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.14\u0026plusmn;0.09\u003csup\u003e567\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 84px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.10\u0026plusmn;0.13\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20\u0026plusmn;0.01\u003csup\u003e0\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e163\u0026plusmn;0\u003csup\u003e0\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e90\u0026plusmn;0\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 84px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.60\u0026plusmn;0.07\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25.7\u0026plusmn;1.3\u003csup\u003e123\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e55.9\u0026plusmn; \u0026nbsp;3.97\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e608\u0026plusmn;110\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 91px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBahati\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.14\u0026plusmn;0.09\u003csup\u003e567\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 84px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.07\u0026plusmn;0.13\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15\u0026plusmn;0.01\u003csup\u003e789\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e131\u0026plusmn;0\u003csup\u003e4\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e77\u0026plusmn;0\u003csup\u003e6\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 84px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.53\u0026plusmn;0.07\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28.3\u0026plusmn;1.3\u003csup\u003e23\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e57.3\u0026plusmn; \u0026nbsp;3.97\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e531\u0026plusmn;110\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 91px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHolker\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.11\u0026plusmn;0.09\u003csup\u003e4567\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 84px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.07\u0026plusmn;0.13\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8\u0026plusmn;0.01\u003csup\u003e34\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e178\u0026plusmn;0\u003csup\u003ed\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e114\u0026plusmn;0\u003csup\u003ej\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 84px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.52\u0026plusmn;0.07\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27.3\u0026plusmn;1.3\u003csup\u003e123\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e52.7\u0026plusmn; \u0026nbsp;3.97\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e352\u0026plusmn;110\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 91px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSuba\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.44\u0026plusmn;0.09\u003csup\u003e7\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 84px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.10\u0026plusmn;0.13\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31\u0026plusmn;0.01\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e151\u0026plusmn;0\u003csup\u003e8\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e76\u0026plusmn;0\u003csup\u003e5\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 84px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.62\u0026plusmn;0.07\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e29.7\u0026plusmn;1.3\u003csup\u003e23\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e50.7\u0026plusmn; \u0026nbsp;3.97\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e661\u0026plusmn;110\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 91px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHB-1964\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.99\u0026plusmn;0.09\u003csup\u003e123456\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 84px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.10\u0026plusmn;0.13\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13\u0026plusmn;0.01\u003csup\u003e5678\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e122\u0026plusmn;0\u003csup\u003e3\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e72\u0026plusmn;0\u003csup\u003e3\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 84px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.62\u0026plusmn;0.07\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25.7\u0026plusmn;1.3\u003csup\u003e123\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e58.4\u0026plusmn; \u0026nbsp;3.97\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e520\u0026plusmn;110\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 91px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eM-21\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.93\u0026plusmn;0.09\u003csup\u003e123456\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 84px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.08\u0026plusmn;0.13\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11\u0026plusmn;0.01\u003csup\u003e4567\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e173\u0026plusmn;0\u003csup\u003ec\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e82\u0026plusmn;0\u003csup\u003e7\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 84px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.47\u0026plusmn;0.07\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23.7\u0026plusmn;1.3\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e55.7\u0026plusmn; \u0026nbsp;3.97\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e447\u0026plusmn;110\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 91px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIbon174/03\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.82\u0026plusmn;0.09\u003csup\u003e123456\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 84px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.33\u0026plusmn;0.13\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14\u0026plusmn;0.01\u003csup\u003e678\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e107\u0026plusmn;0\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e61\u0026plusmn;0\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 84px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.51\u0026plusmn;0.07\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25.7\u0026plusmn;1.3\u003csup\u003e123\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e54.7\u0026plusmn; \u0026nbsp;3.97\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e738\u0026plusmn;110\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSame lowercase letters or numbers (within the column) indicates no significant difference in data expressed as means \u0026plusmn;SD at p\u0026lt;0.05 according to Tukey test.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrincipal coordinate analysis\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) conducted on 22 Ethiopian malt barley cultivars resulted in the population being divided into three main groups (Figure 2). This analysis accounted for 60.9% of the total variation in the data. The first principal coordinate axis accounted for 50.3% of the variation, the second coordinate axis for 10.6%, and the third for 39.1%. The cultivars were organized into three distinct subgroups with notable genetic admixture: First Group: Suba and HB-1963 were clustered together. Second Group: Grace was isolated in this group.\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003eThird Group: This group contained nineteen cultivars, which were further subdivided as follows: Bahati ,HB-120 ,Ibon 174/03, Fatima Bekoji-I Traveller, HB-1533 ,EH-1847, Planet, Beka, Henerike, Holker, Proctor, Focus, HB-52, HB-1964, M-21, Sabin, Explore . \u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHierarchical clustering\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe cluster was conducted for 22 Ethiopian malt barley cultivars resulted in the population being divided into three main groups (Figure 3). The cultivars were organized into three distinct subgroups (the Clusters C1, C2, and C3) with notable genetic admixture: First Group: Suba and HB-1963 were clustered together .Genotype\u0026rsquo;s grouped in cluster C1 had medium to the highest thousand grain weight 50.7\u0026plusmn; 3.97\u003csup\u003e12\u0026nbsp;\u003c/sup\u003eand 58.3\u0026plusmn; 3.972 and yield per plot area 661\u0026plusmn;11012 and 719\u0026plusmn;110\u003csup\u003e2\u0026nbsp;\u003c/sup\u003ewhile with the optimum range of protein content respectively. \u003cstrong\u003eSecond Group:\u003c/strong\u003e Grace was isolated in this group. This second cluster (C2) consists of only one. This genotype group in the cluster is characterized by medium \u0026beta;-glucan content. Third Group: This group contained nineteen cultivars, which were further subdivided as follows: These include. Another cluster (C3) had 10 cultivars and was considered as the largest cluster with two subgroups. The cultivars grouped in this cluster include Bahati ,HB-120 ,Ibon 174/03, Fatima Bekoji-I Traveller, HB-1533 ,EH-1847, Planet, Beka, Henerike, Holker, Proctor, Focus, HB-52, HB-1964, M-21, Sabin, Explore (Fig. 3). Cultivars grouped in cluster III had the highest \u0026beta;-glucan content, high thousand grain weight and yield compared with other clusters (Table 4 \u0026amp;5).\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":" Discussions","content":"\u003cp\u003eCrop successful genetic improvement program depends on the genetic diversity study. Such genetic diversity analysis was essential for plant breeders to perform strategic integration and target selection while preserving important economic traits of individual crops (Yirgu et al., 2023). In present study, we found 21 of the malt quality linked markers studied were polymorphic. Therefore, each of the primers was capable of differentiating the malt barley cultivars, so could be routinely used for assessing diversity, spectrum and malt quality trait introgression in Ethiopian malt barley cultivars.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe result of AMOVA indicated that variation among individual cultivars was higher than the variation with in individuals. The low level of variation within individuals indicates that the cultivars possess common alleles. Therefore variation among individuals is more important than with in individuals. Similar result was also reported by other researchers (Dido et al., 2022, Dido et al., 2022). This variance could be also explained by mutation rate and selection effect on the cultivars (Skot et al., 2005).\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe average polymorphic information content (PIC) in the study is 0.88, with a range from 0.82- 0.94, with an overall mean of 0.88. Higher PIC of 0.78 and 0.73 was reported from ICARDA and Ethiopia, respectively (Dido et al., 2022, Jilal et al., 2008). In general, a PIC value greater than 0.5 is useful in genetic studies since it can distinguish a marker’s polymorphism. Most of the markers in the current study had a score above 0.5, indicating that they were highly informative SSR markers that could be utilized in genetic diversity studies (Botstein et al., 1980) and breeding programs for malt quality trait introgressions. The high PIC observed in all of the SSR primers could be attributed to the diverse nature of the barley cultivars. In addition, high PIC values of the markers also indicate their multi-allelic nature of markers. These markers were highly informative and indicating the diversity of these cultivars and its potential as a source of novel alleles for malt barley breeding. Especially the marker Marker HVALAAT was highly polymorphic and can be used for breeding purpose. Therefore, all of the PCR products derived from these SSR markers are sufficient to monitor malt quality trait introgression in breeding materials.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe loci such as HVALAAT showed high observed heterozygosity than expected heterozygosity. This indicated that the presence of inbreeding depression or high mutation associated with the loci. However, high fixation index was recorded for the marker HVCMA, which indicates high level of inbreeding associated with the loci.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;The ideal moisture content of malt barley cultivars may vary from 10-12% depending on their genetic make-up and local environment\u0026nbsp;(Deme\u0026nbsp;et al., 2020). The tested barley cultivars have moisture content level of 10-12%, which was in agreement with the international standard.\u0026nbsp;The extract content for malt barley is in the range of 80% to 84% on a dry basis. However, low extract content was recorded for HB- 1533 has (75.8± 0.81%). Factors like enzyme starch content in the seed is known to be key players for variation in extract content (Kumar et al., 2013). Friability of 80% and above is preferred for brewing. Very low friability was recorded for the cultivar HB-52 (25.1±6.72\u003csup\u003e1\u0026nbsp;\u003c/sup\u003e%). Similar studies reported friability below 80% for barley genotyoes (Edney and Mather, 2004).The standard protein content for malt barley range from 8-12% on dry basis. Most of the tested cultivars were in 8-12% range, which is in agreement is the standard. However, the protein content of HB -1533 was the highest (13.18±0.669%), indicating its low suitability for brewing.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe hectoliter weight is an important measure of malt barley quality, reflecting the density and overall quality of the grain. For malt quality barley, the optimum hectoliter weight is generally considered to be around 63-71 kg/hl (kilograms per hectoliter), which is equivalent to 630-710 grams per liter. Higher hectoliter weights usually indicate plumper, well-filled kernels, which are preferred for malting because they tend to produce higher extract yields and better overall malt quality(Mathre, 1997; Kunze, 2004).All most all of the tested cultivars were in optimum range except HB-120 (62.2±1.66 kg/l). Studies indicated that heavier kernels are typically plumper, which is beneficial for water absorption during steeping. Therefore, higher hectoliter weights correlate with higher starch content, leading to higher extract yields, which is a critical factor for brewing efficiency.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe optimal heading and maturity dates for the best malt barley cultivar depend on several factors, including the specific growing region, local climate, and desired phenotypic and malt quality traits (Briggs, 1998; Mathre, 1997; Kunze, 2004). The tested malt barley cultivars were not significantly different for grain width, and spike length. \u0026nbsp;However, highest plant length was observed for cultivar suba (1.44m), and the lowest for cultivar Explorer (0.58m). Significantly high seeds per spike were observed for cultivar Beka which is also comparable with Suba and HB-52. Therefore, the cultivar Beka can be used for developing high yielding malt barley cultivars in future breeding programs.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Conclusion","content":"\u003cp\u003eIn conclusion, understanding the genetic variation of barely cultivars will provide useful information and abundant source genes for malt barley breeding program in Ethiopia to make new cultivars adapting to a wide range of ecological regions. The study of genetic variations among Ethiopian malt barley cultivars has demonstrated significant diversity in malt quality traits, as well as in the genetic markers associated with these traits. Therefore, the SSR marker liked to brewing traits could be used to monitor traits, evaluate genetic diversity and determine the geographic origin of the barley cultivars.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Declaration","content":"\u003cp\u003eAcknowledgement\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI would also like to thank Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research Barley Programs for providing barley cultivars and land for field experimentation. I also thank Holeta National Agricultural Biotechnology Research Centre (HNABRC) for supplying reagents for genotyping the cultivars and allowing accessing their laboratories for genotyping the cultivars.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAuthor Contributions:\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003eMN performed the experiment and prepared the manuscript. GH conceived the project, analysed data, reviewed the manuscript. \u0026nbsp;All authors read and approved the final manuscript.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFunding:\u0026nbsp;Not applicable\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eData availability: The datasets utilized and analyzed during this investigation are available upon reasonable request from the author\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEthical approval: \u0026nbsp; Not applicable\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCompeting interests: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References ","content":"\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBecker J and Heun M (1995) Barley microsatellites: allele variation and mapping Plant Molecular Biology 27:835-845.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBotstein D, White RL, Skolnick M, Davis RW. Construction of a genetic linkage map in man using restriction fragment length polymorphisms. 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Fine mapping of a malting-quality QTL complex near the chromosome 4H S telomere in barley. Theoretical and applied genetics. 2004; 109(4):750\u0026ndash;60. Pmid: 15164174\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGlen, P., Kelly, D.P., Inkerman, A. and Henry, R., 2006. Selecting for increased barley grain size. Journal of cereal science, 42(2), pp.198-208.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHearnden PR. (2007) A genetic map of 1,000 SSR and DArT markers in a wide barley cross Theoretical and Applied Genetics 115:383-391.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eJilal A, Grando S, Henry RJ, Lee LS, Rice N, Hill H, et al. Genetic diversity of ICARDA\u0026rsquo;s worldwide barley landrace collection. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution [Internet]. 2008; 55(8):1221\u0026ndash;30. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-008-9322-1\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKumar, D., Kumar, V., Verma, R.P.S., Kharub, A.S. and Sharma, I., (2013).Quality parameter requirement and standards for malt barley-a review. Agricultural Reviews, 34(4), pp.313-317.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKunze. (2004). \u003cem\u003eTechnology Brewing and Malting\u003c/em\u003e\u003cem\u003e.\u003c/em\u003e VLB Berlin.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLiu Z-W. (1996) Development of simple sequence repeat DNA markers and their integration into a barley linkage map. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 93:869-876.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMathre, D. E. (1997). \u003cem\u003eCompendium of Barley Diseases\u003c/em\u003e\u003cem\u003e.\u003c/em\u003e American Phytopathological Society (APS Press).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMcClear BV, Glennie‐Holmes M. Enzymic quantification of (1\u0026rarr; 3)(1\u0026rarr; 4)‐\u0026beta;‐d‐glucan in barley and malt. Journal of the Institute of Brewing. 1985; 91(5):285\u0026ndash;95.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMei, X., Li, W., Liu, H., Zhang, J., \u0026amp; Zhang, H. (2012). 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Characterisation of barley (Hordeum vulgare) varieties and breeding lines using RAPD and QTL associated PCR markers. Rostlinna Vyroba-UZPI (Czech Republic). 2001.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePillen K. (2000) Mapping new EMBL-derived barley microsatellites and their use in differentiating German barley cultivars Theoretical and Applied Genetics 101:652-660.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRamsay L. (2000) .A simple sequence repeat-based linkage map of barley Genetics 156:1997-2005.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSaghai Maroof MA. (1994) extraordinarily polymorphic microsatellite DNA in barley: species diversity, chromosomal locations, and population dynamics. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 91:5466-5470.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSkot, L., Humphreys, M. O., Armstead, I., Heywood, S., Sk\u0026oslash;t, K. P., Sanderson, R., \u0026amp; Thomas, I. D. (2005). An association mapping approach to identify flowering time genes in natural populations of Lolium perenne (L.). Plant Molecular Biology, 57(4), 587-597.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStruss D and Plieske J (1998). The use of microsatellite markers for detection of genetic diversity in barley populations. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 97:308-315.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTehulie, N.S.and Eskezia, H., (2021). Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Rates on Growth, Yield Components and Yield of Food Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.): A Review. J. Plant Sci. Agric. Res, 5, p.46.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTiegist, D., \u0026amp; Abebe. (2010). Genetic Diversity and Population Differentiation Analysis of Ethiopian Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Landraces using Morphological Traits and SSR Markers\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTiegist, Dejene, Alemu, A. \u0026middot;, Leon, A. \u0026middot; J., \u0026amp; Received: (2023). Genetic diversity within landraces of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and its implications on germplasm collection and utilization. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, \u003cem\u003e70\u003c/em\u003e(7), 1985\u0026ndash;1998. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-023-01549-0\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVarshney RK. (2007) A high density barley microsatellite consensus map with 775 SSR loci. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 114:1091.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWenzl P (2006) A high-density consensus map of barley linking DArT markers to SSR, RFLP and STS loci and agricultural traits BMC Genomics 7:206.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWilliams, P., \u0026amp; Norris, K. (2001). Near-Infrared Technology in the Agricultural and Food Industries. American Association of Cereal Chemists.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYadesa Abeshu (2021). Development of NIRS re-calibration model for Ethiopian barley (\u003cem\u003eHordeum vulgare\u003c/em\u003e) lines traits to determine their brewing potential. Journal of Agriculture and Food Research Volume 6, December 2021, 100238. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jafr.2021.100238\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYirgu, M., Kebede, M., Feyissa, T., Lakew, B., \u0026amp; Woldeyohannes, A. B. (2023). Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers for genetic diversity and population structure study in Ethiopian barley \u003cem\u003e(Hordeum vulgare L.) \u003c/em\u003egermplasm. 1\u0026ndash;13\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eZewodu A, Mohammed W, Shiferaw E(2024) . 1Analysis of genetic diversity and population structure of some Ethiopian barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) accessions using SSR markers. . PLoS ONE 19(6): e0305945. https://doi.org/10.1371/ journal.pone.0305945\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eZhang, G. and Li, C. eds., 2010. Genetics and improvement of barley malt quality. Springer Science \u0026amp; Business Media. Varshney RK et al. (2007) a high density barley microsatellite consensus map with 775 SSR loci. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 114:1091.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eZhang, Q., \u0026amp; Chen, J. (2013). Application of Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (NIRS) in Barley Quality Evaluation. Journal of Cereal Science, 58(2), 127-134.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e"},{"header":"Table","content":"\u003cp\u003eTable 1 is available in the supplementary files section\u003c/p\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"agromorphological traits, barley, Genetic diversity, malt quality traits, SSR marker","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7328143/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7328143/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"Germplasm conservation and breeding programs can be enhanced by understanding the genetic diversity at molecular level. In Ethiopian malt barley cultivar, the pattern of genetic diversity at DNA level is poorly characterized. This study is aimed to evaluate the genetic diversity of 22 Ethiopian malt barley cultivars using malt quality linked markers, brewing and agro morphological traits. Twenty one SSR markers were used to analyze all accessions and total of 244 alleles were found with a mean of 8 alleles per locus. The analysis indicated the existence of high polymorphic information content ranging from 0.82 to 0.92 and the mean Shannon diversity index (I) was 1.95, indicating that they are highly informative markers. The result of molecular variance analysis pointed out that the highest variation was found among the cultivars (94%), indicating its importance to develop appropriate conservation strategy and parental selection for new competing barley variety development. The highest β-glucan content was recorded for IBon174/04(706±54), while the lowest β-glucan content was recorded for the cultivar Focus (231±54.5). The value of extract content is the highest for the cultivar Focus (81.8±0.8), while the low extract content was recorded for HB-1533(75.8±0.8). Agromorphological analysis also indicated the existence of phenotypic variation for dwarf plant development in Explorer (0.58±0.09m) and high seeds per spike for yield in Beka (31±1.3), Suba (29.7±1.3), and HB-52(30±1.3). Therefore, Ethiopian malt barley breeding and conservation can be enhanced and speedup by utilizing the information generated from the study.","manuscriptTitle":"Evaluation of Genetic Variation in Ethiopian Malt Barley Cultivars Using Malt Quality-Linked Markers and Phenotypic Traits","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2026-03-31 05:01:34","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7328143/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"25125e97-0d83-49ef-a1e6-900e99407b2e","owner":[],"postedDate":"March 31st, 2026","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-03-31T05:01:34+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2026-03-31 05:01:34","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-7328143","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-7328143","identity":"rs-7328143","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"XKTyCvWXoU3ODBz1xrDgd","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}