The Scale Effect of Sand and Gravel Materials in Riverbed Cover Layers Based on Large-Scale Triaxial Tests

The Scale Effect of Sand and Gravel Materials in Riverbed Cover Layers Based on Large-Scale Triaxial Tests | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article The Scale Effect of Sand and Gravel Materials in Riverbed Cover Layers Based on Large-Scale Triaxial Tests Mengdie Zhao, Ruiyu Kang, Shoukai Chen, Shuaibin Wang, Ninghuan Zhai, and 1 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4454037/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 28 Dec, 2024 Read the published version in Scientific Reports → Version 1 posted 13 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract In response to the difficulty of conducting in-situ tests on the gravel materials of riverbed cover layers, this study investigates their mechanical properties using a scaled-down grading method. Three methods, namely the equivalent substitution method, the similar grading method, and the hybrid method, are employed based on the original grading of the gravel materials from riverbed cover layers. Through large-scale triaxial consolidation drainage shear tests, the study investigates the effects of the reduction factor 𝑀 of the maximum particle size and confining pressure on the stress-strain relationship, fractal dimension, particle breakage, and parameters of the Duncan-Chang E-B model. It reveals the influence pattern of scaling based on fractal dimension and particle breakage rate on the strength and deformation of gravel materials. The results indicate significant differences in the scaling effects among the three scaling methods. Among them, under the same confining pressure, the gravel material strength obtained by the similar grading method is the highest, with the smallest difference in fractal dimension before and after the test and the lowest particle breakage rate, followed by the hybrid method. Moreover, with the increase in 𝑀 value, the peak stress gradually increases, manifested by the increase in the parameters k and K b of the E-B model, with the values increasing by 4.5 times and 3.3 times, respectively, when M = 15 compared to 𝑀 =0. The research findings can provide important experimental basis for the stability analysis and deformation analysis of dam bodies. Earth and environmental sciences/Environmental sciences Earth and environmental sciences/Solid earth sciences Physical sciences/Engineering Physical sciences/Materials science gravel material gradation scaling triaxial test strength characteristics fractal dimension fragmentation rate Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 28 Dec, 2024 Read the published version in Scientific Reports → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 22 Aug, 2024 Reviews received at journal 17 Aug, 2024 Reviews received at journal 10 Aug, 2024 Reviews received at journal 08 Aug, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 31 Jul, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 30 Jul, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 30 Jul, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 13 Jul, 2024 Reviewers invited by journal 11 Jul, 2024 Editor assigned by journal 09 Jul, 2024 Editor invited by journal 30 May, 2024 Submission checks completed at journal 27 May, 2024 First submitted to journal 21 May, 2024 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4454037","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":310577470,"identity":"bad0dad8-806c-469c-b04b-5ec52ffdc623","order_by":0,"name":"Mengdie Zhao","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Mengdie","middleName":"","lastName":"Zhao","suffix":""},{"id":310577471,"identity":"d035d812-5403-4e84-b3d6-8cc7efc1b0a5","order_by":1,"name":"Ruiyu Kang","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"North China University of Water Resources 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scaling, triaxial test, strength characteristics, fractal dimension, fragmentation rate","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4454037/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4454037/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eIn response to the difficulty of conducting in-situ tests on the gravel materials of riverbed cover layers, this study investigates their mechanical properties using a scaled-down grading method. Three methods, namely the equivalent substitution method, the similar grading method, and the hybrid method, are employed based on the original grading of the gravel materials from riverbed cover layers. Through large-scale triaxial consolidation drainage shear tests, the study investigates the effects of the reduction factor \u0026#119872; of the maximum particle size and confining pressure on the stress-strain relationship, fractal dimension, particle breakage, and parameters of the Duncan-Chang E-B model. It reveals the influence pattern of scaling based on fractal dimension and particle breakage rate on the strength and deformation of gravel materials. The results indicate significant differences in the scaling effects among the three scaling methods. Among them, under the same confining pressure, the gravel material strength obtained by the similar grading method is the highest, with the smallest difference in fractal dimension before and after the test and the lowest particle breakage rate, followed by the hybrid method. Moreover, with the increase in \u0026#119872; value, the peak stress gradually increases, manifested by the increase in the parameters k and K\u003csub\u003eb\u003c/sub\u003e of the E-B model, with the values increasing by 4.5 times and 3.3 times, respectively, when M\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;15 compared to \u0026#119872; =0. 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