Study on Comprehensive Landslide Risk Zoning Method in Open-Pit Mines Under Multi-Factor Coupling Effects

Study on Comprehensive Landslide Risk Zoning Method in Open-Pit Mines Under Multi-Factor Coupling Effects | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Study on Comprehensive Landslide Risk Zoning Method in Open-Pit Mines Under Multi-Factor Coupling Effects Lan Jia, Yuedi Cui, Lanzhu Cao, Xi Chen, Xishun Liu This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6340758/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 01 Jul, 2025 Read the published version in Scientific Reports → Version 1 posted 11 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Comprehensive risk zoning of landslides in open-pit mines forms the foundation for precise monitoring, early warning, and prevention of slope instability. This study employs the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to establish a hierarchical model incorporating four key influencing factors: degree of crack development, slope angle, slope height, and rock and soil properties. By computing the weight coefficients of these evaluation indices and deriving a slope hazard index, we classify slope hazard zones. Additionally, the two-dimensional rigid-body Limit Equilibrium Method (LEM) is applied to calculate slope factor of safety for multiple cross-sections, facilitating the delineation of slope stability zones. To integrate these results, we employ a combined cross-matrix analysis and simple weighted averaging method, further refining the comprehensive risk zoning by dynamically incorporating factors such as slope along-strike surface shape, seasonal (climatic) variations, fault characteristics, and distribution of infrastructure. This approach is validated through application to a case study in an open-pit mine, where one higher-risk, five medium-risk, and six low-risk zones are identified. Notably, the higher-risk zone exhibits strong spatial agreement with actual landslide occurrences. The results demonstrate that the proposed method significantly enhances zoning accuracy, providing a theoretical basis for the optimized allocation of monitoring resources, the development of differentiated early-warning models, and the full-lifecycle management of slopes in open-pit mining operations. Physical sciences/Engineering Earth and environmental sciences/Natural hazards Slope stability zoning Hazard zoning Comprehensive risk zoning Multi-factor coupling Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 01 Jul, 2025 Read the published version in Scientific Reports → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 21 Apr, 2025 Reviews received at journal 20 Apr, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 20 Apr, 2025 Reviews received at journal 09 Apr, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 02 Apr, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 01 Apr, 2025 Reviewers invited by journal 01 Apr, 2025 Editor assigned by journal 01 Apr, 2025 Editor invited by journal 01 Apr, 2025 Submission checks completed at journal 31 Mar, 2025 First submitted to journal 30 Mar, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-6340758","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":445749154,"identity":"a49d711c-9658-452f-9206-3f8ce20d0462","order_by":0,"name":"Lan Jia","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Ordos Institute of Liaoning Technical University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Lan","middleName":"","lastName":"Jia","suffix":""},{"id":445749155,"identity":"3bab5d92-04ec-485e-b4a1-d2aefe80e91b","order_by":1,"name":"Yuedi Cui","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAAzElEQVRIiWNgGAWjYBACNvbmgw8+VEjY8bM3HyBOCx/PsWTDGWdskiV7jiUQp0VOwsdMmLctjXHDjBwDIh0mwWPGzMN2mNmA58zHG28Y7OR0GwhpkW4reziH5zCfOXvvZss5DMnGZgcIaZE5vN3gjcRhZsues9ukeRgOJG4jqEUiwUyCx+Aw44YbOc+I1ZJiJsmTkAbSwkakFnAgHwAHsrHlHAMi/CLfDozKj//AUfnwxpsKOzmCWlAA0FOkKIdoIVXHKBgFo2AUjAgAACJaRAhu9IOAAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"","institution":"College of Mining, Liaoning Technical University","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Yuedi","middleName":"","lastName":"Cui","suffix":""},{"id":445749156,"identity":"d1d8fe4b-8efc-4baf-820d-809e20139561","order_by":2,"name":"Lanzhu Cao","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Liaoning Institute of Technology and Equipment for Mineral Resources Development and Utilisation in Higher Educational Institutions, Liaoning Technical University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Lanzhu","middleName":"","lastName":"Cao","suffix":""},{"id":445749157,"identity":"c401b82f-e37d-4cc3-a233-cad1a7351497","order_by":3,"name":"Xi Chen","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"College of Mining, Liaoning Technical University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Xi","middleName":"","lastName":"Chen","suffix":""},{"id":445749158,"identity":"eb1b56cf-28e4-44e9-8b34-eb985c4a9e4a","order_by":4,"name":"Xishun Liu","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Heidaigou Open-pit Coal Mine,Shenhua Group Zhunge'er Energy Co. , Ltd.","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Xishun","middleName":"","lastName":"Liu","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-03-31 01:38:23","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6340758/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6340758/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[{"content":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-04868-7","type":"published","date":"2025-07-01T15:57:34+00:00"}],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":86180157,"identity":"e71c48c7-7440-4c7d-8300-aa8fe799b361","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-07-07 16:21:27","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1149186,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6340758/v1_covered_fba9ec4f-cca8-4dde-ab64-f3653ca539e9.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Study on Comprehensive Landslide Risk Zoning Method in Open-Pit Mines Under Multi-Factor Coupling Effects","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"scientific-reports","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"scirep","sideBox":"Learn more about [Scientific Reports](http://www.nature.com/srep/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"","title":"Scientific Reports","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Scientific Reports","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Slope stability zoning, Hazard zoning, Comprehensive risk zoning, Multi-factor coupling","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6340758/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6340758/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"Comprehensive risk zoning of landslides in open-pit mines forms the foundation for precise monitoring, early warning, and prevention of slope instability. This study employs the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to establish a hierarchical model incorporating four key influencing factors: degree of crack development, slope angle, slope height, and rock and soil properties. By computing the weight coefficients of these evaluation indices and deriving a slope hazard index, we classify slope hazard zones. Additionally, the two-dimensional rigid-body Limit Equilibrium Method (LEM) is applied to calculate slope factor of safety for multiple cross-sections, facilitating the delineation of slope stability zones. To integrate these results, we employ a combined cross-matrix analysis and simple weighted averaging method, further refining the comprehensive risk zoning by dynamically incorporating factors such as slope along-strike surface shape, seasonal (climatic) variations, fault characteristics, and distribution of infrastructure. 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