Role of oxidants and antioxidants in female reproduction

Ashok Agarwal, Hanna J. Tadros, Eva Tvrdá
In: Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Protection · 2016 · pp. 253–280 · doi:10.1002/9781118832431.ch16 · W4231240724
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Oxidative stress from reactive oxygen and nitrogen species negatively impacts female reproduction, but antioxidants and biomarkers can assess damage and endogenous ROS/RNS are vital for the menstrual cycle.

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Abstract

Oxidative stress is highly pathogenic and associated with reproductive diseases such as polycystic ovary syndrome and endometriosis as well as pregnancy complications including spontaneous abortion and preeclampsia. Reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are vital contributors to oxidative stress. Human body attempts to maintain healthy levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS)/RNS with the concomitant production of antioxidants. Oxidative stress biomarkers such as ROS and the end-products of ROS reactions can be measured and used to assess oxidative damage in tissues and biological fluids. The chapter also outlines how ROS play a vital role in the menstrual cycle, a process in which a single ovum is released monthly and the uterine endometrium is prepared for implantation. Factors that contribute to the generation of oxidative stress in the female reproductive system include obesity, malnutrition, alcohol intake and smoking, misuse of drugs such as marijuana and cocaine, and exposure to environmental toxins.

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endometriosis

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last seen: 2026-06-04T00:00:01.174412+00:00
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