Effects of Ozone Exposure on House Dust Mites

Effects of Ozone Exposure on House Dust Mites | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Effects of Ozone Exposure on House Dust Mites Isaac Seow, Zhen Yun Siew, Chee-Mun Fang, Mun Seng Kan, Kenny Voon, and 6 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-8087500/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 4 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract House dust mites (HDMs), particularly Dermatophagoides farinae , are commonly found in household dust and play a key role in allergic diseases such as asthma and allergic rhinitis. Beyond clinical management, allergen removal strategies are crucial for improving quality of life. Hence, this study investigated the effects of ozone exposure on D. farinae , focusing on changes in protein expression, surface bacterial composition, mortality, and mobility. Mites were exposed to ozone concentrations of 0.05, 0.5, and 1 ppm for 24, 48, and 72 hours in a controlled chamber, with non-exposed mites serving as controls. Western blotting using anti-Der f 1 and anti-Blo t 5 antibodies assessed changes in allergen profiles, while 16S rRNA sequencing characterised changes in surface bacterial communities. Mortality was evaluated using 100 mites per group under varying exposure durations. To assess behavioural responses, a three-chamber mobility assay was conducted, where mites were placed in a central compartment flanked by no-ozone and low-ozone chambers, and their distribution was recorded after 72 hours. Ozone exposure resulted in a concentration- and time-dependent reduction of Der f 1 protein intensity, suggesting allergen degradation. Surface bacterial profiling revealed distinct compositional shifts following ozone exposure. Mortality increased proportionally with ozone concentration and duration. In the mobility assay, mites predominantly remained in the no-ozone chamber, indicating avoidance of ozone. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that ozone exposure affects D. farinae at molecular, microbial, and behavioural levels, highlighting ozone’s potential role in modulating mite allergenicity and ecology. Health sciences/Diseases Earth and environmental sciences/Environmental sciences Health sciences/Medical research Biological sciences/Microbiology Allergy House Dust Mites Ozone Dermatophagoides farinae Next generation sequencing Microbial diversity Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 14 Nov, 2025 Editor assigned by journal 12 Nov, 2025 Submission checks completed at journal 12 Nov, 2025 First submitted to journal 11 Nov, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-8087500","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":543398411,"identity":"349f5764-533a-4279-87ed-0e5fa883174d","order_by":0,"name":"Isaac 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Dermatophagoides farinae, Next generation sequencing, Microbial diversity","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8087500/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8087500/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eHouse dust mites (HDMs), particularly \u003cem\u003eDermatophagoides farinae\u003c/em\u003e, are commonly found in household dust and play a key role in allergic diseases such as asthma and allergic rhinitis. Beyond clinical management, allergen removal strategies are crucial for improving quality of life. Hence, this study investigated the effects of ozone exposure on \u003cem\u003eD. farinae\u003c/em\u003e, focusing on changes in protein expression, surface bacterial composition, mortality, and mobility. Mites were exposed to ozone concentrations of 0.05, 0.5, and 1 ppm for 24, 48, and 72 hours in a controlled chamber, with non-exposed mites serving as controls. Western blotting using anti-Der f 1 and anti-Blo t 5 antibodies assessed changes in allergen profiles, while 16S rRNA sequencing characterised changes in surface bacterial communities. Mortality was evaluated using 100 mites per group under varying exposure durations. To assess behavioural responses, a three-chamber mobility assay was conducted, where mites were placed in a central compartment flanked by no-ozone and low-ozone chambers, and their distribution was recorded after 72 hours. Ozone exposure resulted in a concentration- and time-dependent reduction of Der f 1 protein intensity, suggesting allergen degradation. Surface bacterial profiling revealed distinct compositional shifts following ozone exposure. Mortality increased proportionally with ozone concentration and duration. In the mobility assay, mites predominantly remained in the no-ozone chamber, indicating avoidance of ozone. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that ozone exposure affects \u003cem\u003eD. farinae\u003c/em\u003e at molecular, microbial, and behavioural levels, highlighting ozone\u0026rsquo;s potential role in modulating mite allergenicity and ecology.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Effects of Ozone Exposure on House Dust Mites","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-11-12 08:46:41","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8087500/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2025-11-15T04:03:11+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2025-11-13T01:38:44+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2025-11-13T01:38:41+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"Scientific Reports","date":"2025-11-11T13:38:11+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"scientific-reports","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"scirep","sideBox":"Learn more about [Scientific Reports](http://www.nature.com/srep/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"","title":"Scientific Reports","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Scientific Reports","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"2a2ebb7d-4735-44e4-bd2e-95742a24df5e","owner":[],"postedDate":"November 12th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"under-review","subjectAreas":[{"id":57809235,"name":"Health sciences/Diseases"},{"id":57809236,"name":"Earth and environmental sciences/Environmental sciences"},{"id":57809237,"name":"Health sciences/Medical research"},{"id":57809238,"name":"Biological sciences/Microbiology"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-04-27T09:11:07+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-11-12 08:46:41","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-8087500","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-8087500","identity":"rs-8087500","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}