Adenomyosis is Associated with Sub-Optimal Outcomes in Fresh Embryo Transfer Cycles

Context: Adenomyosis is known to affect the outcome of ART by reduced clinical pregnancies and increased miscarriage rates. Several mechanisms were proposed as causative factors such as increased myometrial contractions, decreased implantation and altered endometrial receptivity. But the conclusions from previous studies were mutually conflicting. Aims: to study the effect of adenomyosis on the outcome of ICSI cycles. Objectives: Primary: To study the effect of adenomyosis on pregnancy rate in ICSI fresh embryo transfer cycles. Secondary: To study the effect of adenomyosis on implantation, clinical pregnancy and miscarriage rates in ICSI fresh embryo transfer cycles. Settings and Design: Retrospective case control study. Performed at a tertiary care university teaching hospital. Methods and Material: The data of 89 women, who underwent ICSI and fresh transfer from Jan 2002 to March 2019 and satisfied the study criteria, was obtained from the hospital medical records department. Of them 47 women who were diagnosed to have adenomyosis by transvaginal sonography were included in the study. Statistical analysis used: SPSS version 17 software was used and P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The pregnancy, clinical pregnancy, implantation rates and live birth rates were 25.7, 23.4, 7.6% and 17%, respectively. Conclusions: Adenomyosis is associated with decreased pregnancy, implantation and live births in ICSI cycles.