Bridging Language Gaps in Medical Education: The Role of English Language Teaching in English-Medium Instruction

This qualitative narrative synthesis examines the impact of English as a Medium of Instruction (EMI) in medical education through an English Language Teaching (ELT) lens. By reviewing studies from Scopus, Web of Science, and other reputable sources, we identify key themes: cognitive load in learning medicine in a second language, disparities in learning outcomes, faculty challenges, and pedagogical innovations. Findings highlight the importance of structured linguistic support, such as English for Medical Purposes programs and bilingual scaffolding, to enhance both medical competence and academic English proficiency. Integrating ELT strategies into EMI frameworks can improve comprehension, critical thinking, and communication skills, ensuring better learning experiences for non-native English-speaking students.